Checklist of Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia:

With Scientific, English, and Malay names

Rosli Omar

Flora Special Interest Group, Malaysian Nature Society

rosliomar@fastmail.fm

5 April 2024

Abstract

This paper describes the creation of a Checklist for butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia with each species having a Malay (Bahasa Melayu) name, alongside scientific and English names, a first such checklist for Peninsula butterflies. Before this, butterfly species do not have Malay names. The aim of this creation is to have the Malay names created in a systematic manner such that the relationship between species as to their subfamily (but not to the family since all families are subdivided into subfamilies, the start of the naming) and genus or related genera is known from the name itself. For example, Painted Lady and Red Indian Admiral of the genus Vanessa are Laksamana Bersolek and Laksamana India Merah respectively, using ‘group name’ Laksamana for this genus. Group names can also be applied to related genera, for example Rimau to the Tigers of Danaus, Tirumala, and Ideopsis.

KEYWORDS

Butterfly Checklist Peninsular Malaysia. Butterflies’ Malay names. Systematic Malay naming. Species family relationship.

Introduction

This checklist is based on the Checklist in the book (Chapter two), Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia: with a checklist of Scientific, English, and Malay names (Omar et al. 2023). Here, modifications and improvements are made to that checklist in the light of our experience and further insights obtained in drawing up Malay names checklists for snakes, odonates, birds, and mammals of Peninsular Malaysia.

This Checklist consists of three lists: scientific names, English names, and Bahasa Melayu (Malay) names. The scientific names are that of Corbet and Pendlebury (2020), 5th edition, or C&P5 for short. English names are added, either from C&P5, which only gives limited names, or from Ek-Amnuay (2012), Kirton (2020), Khew (2015), the ButterflyCircle and Butterflies of Raub blogs, and from other internet sources. Malay names are quite often adaptations from the English although less dependent in this modified Checklist than the original.

Other names, either English or scientific, used by different authors are also noted. Where an entry is different from Corbet and Pendlebury (1992), 4th edition, or C&P4, this is noted in the entry. This is in the fifth item in the checklist. The fourth item is the distribution of the species in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, including habitat type.

C&P5 in Appendix F lists 1,051 species for Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, with 1,048 species for Peninsular Malaysia. This checklist then is actually for both countries with those exclusive to Singapore noted for three species. A fourth has been discovered in Johor by the ButterCircle. C&P5 also lists 153 subspecies. There is a further 12 species described as “Species of questionable records” (Appendix C) which are not included in the 1,051 species count. These are marked with the symbol * in the Checklist.

Objectives of the Malay checklist

The vast majority of butterfly species do not have Malay names. And there are none in the Wildlife Conservation (Amendment of Schedule) Order 2012 published by the Attorney General’s Chambers (AGC 2012). Thus, the attempt to create one in the above-mentioned Checklist of Omar et al (2023). And here, a refinement of that Checklist.

Apart from creating a Malay names Checklist, the next objective is to create names that show the relationship between species, if any, i.e., the attempt here is to show the relatedness in the Malay names themselves. This relationship maybe that:

1. of the same subfamily (not possible to family because there are just too many to a family given that 1051 species are distributed to only six families). For example,  we would not know from the English names that the Jezebels, Albatrosses and Orange-tips are of the same subfamily (Family: Pieridae, Subfamily: Pierinae);
2. or of the same genus or related genera. To a certain extent this relationship is indicated in English names where we have the groups of, say, Albatross, Jezebel, and Jay butterflies. But not always. For example, from the groups Jay, Swordtail, and Zebra we would not know that they are related. Only when we look at their genus, Graphium, do we realise that they are very closely related even if they look quite different. (We have not always been successful for every subfamily with some species being too varied in their characteristics to find a common group name, e.g, Family: Nymphalidae, Subfamily: Satyrinae).
3. Apart from genetic relatedness, another is relatedness in appearance. For example, the Imperials. First, we have the White Imperial under genus Neomyrina. Further down 19 entries later there is the Branded Imperial under Eooxylides. And after that the Cardinal (Thamala marciana) followed by three more Imperials. Even though they are separated by other species they are recognisable as Imperials. Thus, the Malay names for these species correspond to Imperial too (Ekorpanjang). But note that all the Imperials are still of the same subfamily (Family: Lycaenidae, Subfamily: Theclinae).

For the scientific names Checklist of C&P5 we take it that the species are arranged in some taxonomical order, i.e., species genetically near to each other are listed near to each other, and vice versa. Hence, for the purpose of creating a Malay name we may take that a species listed between two species of, say, Imperials is itself an Imperial if it looks like an Imperial. This is the case of the Cardinal which is given the Malay name of an Imperial (Ekorpanjang Utama).

Note: The Malay names, like their English counterparts, are only to the species level, not to the sub-species level as in the scientific names.

How the Malay names Checklist was created

From the above objectives, there are two ways to create a Malay name for a butterfly species:

1. <Subfamily name><Group name><Specific name>

2. <Group name><Subgroup name><Specific name>

Method 1 is chosen when either there is an English name for the subfamily, from which a Malay name can be adapted, or a Malay name can be created given some common characteristic of the subfamily. For example, the subfamily Coliadinae (Family: Pieridae) which does not have an English name. Here are the yellow butterflies: Grass Yellow, Emigrant, Tree Yellow etc. Thus, this is given the Malay subfamily name of Kuning.

For example, consider Eurema brigitta senna, the Small Grass Yellow. The Subfamily name is Kuning, the Group name, Rumput, and the Specific name, Kecil i.e., Kuning Rumput Kecil.

Another example, Gandaca harina distanti, the Tree Yellow. Again, the Subfamily name is Kuning, with the Group name Pohon. Since this is the only species of the Pohon group there is no need for the Specific name to uniquely specify this species, i.e., the name is Kuning Pohon.

Method 2. This is chosen if Method 1 is not possible, for example, there are too many species with different characteristics that there is not much in  common. But in line with the above objective, here, if possible, we try to have a common theme to the subfamily. For example, subfamily Pierinae (Family: Pieridae) has groups named after birds:  Albatross and Gull. But others are not: Jezebel, Sawtooth etc. For the Malay names, we have named these other groups also after birds. Thus, Pierinae is a bird-themed subfamily.

Example, Appias cardena perakana, the Yellow Puffin. The Group name is Albatros (for the genus Appias), the Subgroup name is Rembah (for Puffin) and the Specific name is Kuning, i.e., Albatros Rembah Kuning.

Method 2, apart from applying to a genus can be applied to related genera too (or genera quite far apart but within the same subfamily as the case of the Imperials mentioned above). Consider the Tigers of Danaus, Tirumala, and Ideopsis,

Danaus chrysippus chrysippus—Plain Tiger. Rimau  Dataran

Tirumala limniace exotica – Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru

Ideopsis vulgaris macrina—Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru

Ideopsis gaura perakana— Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil

Note the last entry. It is an Ideopsis and thus a Tiger even though its English name is a Nymph—and does look like the four other Nymphs—all of genus Idea, the immediate genus below Ideopsis. Since we follow genetic relatedness ahead of appearance relatedness, all species of a given genus must follow its Group name.

There are other subfamilies where the groups are so varied that we cannot even have a theme to the subfamily. Such is the subfamily Satyrinae (Family: Nymphalidae) as mentioned above.  

Guidelines in Malay naming

General naming form. The two namingmethods each consist of three components i.e., the maximum number of components for a species name is three. But as we saw above, for the Tree Yellow, the Malay name has only two. The number of components depends on the need to uniquely specify the species. In some cases, we need only one. For example, Graphium doson evemonides, the Common Jay. In Malay this is Riang. We have decided, in general, not to use Common for the Malay name. See below.

Limited use of Common but use of Rare or Scarce. As mentioned above, species named as Common is not generally adapted in the Malay name. This is because a species may be common in its original place where it was first described (technically, Type Locality) or may no longer be common or may not be common in the future. If it is used it is mainly to distinguish between species names. On the other hand, we do use the Malay equivalent for rare or scarce species, Jarang, for it is informative and quite unlikely to be common as time passes.

The use of the hyphen. This has several uses:

1. To distinguish between nearly similar group names. For example, in the subfamily Polyommatinae (Family: Lycaenidae) there are various groups of blue butterflies: Biru-pepagar (Hedge Blue), Biru-rumput (Grass Blue), Biru (Blue) etc.
2. To indicate that hyphenated two or more words are an item. This is useful to ensure that the maximum three components rule to a name is followed. For example, Burara anadi owstoni, the Plain Orange Awlet, Penusuk Kecil Oren-Bukit-fraser.  
3. To prevent confusion whether, for a subfamily, a middle word being a Group name or a part of the Specific name. For example, for the subfamily Coeliadinae (Family: Hesperiidae), Hasora salanga, the Black-tailed Awl, Penusuk Ekor-hitam. With the hyphen it is clear that Ekor-hitam is the Specific name. 

Non-use of human names. The American Ornithological Society decided to rename English bird names with names of people to ones without them (AOS 2023). Here we follow them for butterfly Malay names.

 A final note. In creating the Malay names, we can keep in mind that many of the English names are quite arbitrary, names such as Sailor (or Sailer), Sergeant, Archduke, Helen, Gorgon, etc. They are not related to any feature of the butterflies. Thus, we are quite free to adapt the names.  Although some, like the Nymphs, is because of their graceful flight, which is why we adapted it as Bidadari, with a similar connotation.

                                                               **************************

Note: Kedawi is the geographical area Kedah-Langkawi-Perlis, a term used by C&P5 that we too use here, to describe the tropical monsoon — as opposed to the equatorial — area that has some unique butterflies.

Keys for distribution of the butterflies as given in C&P5 (4^th item in the Checklist):

A, P, T: Aur, Pemanggil, Tioman Islands on the east coast.

K: Kedawi – Kedah-Perlis, north of Sungai Kedah (tropical monsoon area as opposed to equatorial, with some unique species/subspecies)

L : Langkawi

M: Peninsular Malaysia proper minus K, L, and other islands

1: coastal mangrove association

2: secondary plant growth below 760m

3: primary forest below 760m

4: all areas above 760m

S: Singapore

C&P5 takes 760m as the divide between lowland and montane regions. Other authors like Kirton (2020) take it as 800m, and still others, 900m.

General abbreviations

TL: Type Locality (where a specimen was first collected for the species to be scientifically described).

PM: Peninsular Malaysia

The Checklist

The Checklist, arranged according to Families and Subfamilies following C&P5

Family: Papilionidae

Family: Papilionidae      SubFamily: Papilioninae     Emotion-themed Groups

• Trogonoptera brookiana albescens—Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing. Gah Gemilang   M(3,4, central range)    Trogonoptera, Troides: Gah Group
• Trogonoptera brookiana mollumar – Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing. Gah Gemilang   Johore,NE Pahang,Terenganu
• Troides helena cerberus—Common Birdwing. Gah Tompok-merah   L,K,M (2,3,4),S
• Troides aeacus malaiianus – Golden Birdwing. Gah Emas   L,M(2,3)   In C&P4, listed in error as T. a. thomsonii
• Troides amphrysus ruficollis—Malayan Birdwing. Gah Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,P,S   Or Malay Birdwing    
• Troides cuneifera paeninsulae – Mountain Birdwing. Gah Gunung   M(3,4)   In C&P4, listed in error as T. cuneifer.
• Atrophaneura sycorax egertoni – Whitehead Batwing. Suram Kepala-putih    M(3,4)  (C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Atrophaneura varuna varuna – Common Batwing. Suram Semenanjung   L,M(2,3,4)   (C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Atrophaneura nox erebus – Malayan Batwing. Suram Malaya   M(2,3)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Losaria neptunus neptunus—Yellow Bodied Clubtail. Marah Kuning   L,K,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pachliopta)
• Losaria doubledayi doubledayi—Common Clubtail. Marah Merah    L,K,M(3)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Pachliopta)
• Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris—Common Rose. Seri Mawar   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S 
• Papilio agestor shirozui – Tawny Mime. Ceria Penyamar Jingga   M(4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)   Papilio: Ceria group.
• Papilio slateri perses – Blue Striped Mime. Ceria Penyamar Belang    (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio clytia clytia—Common Mime. Ceria Penyamar Biasa   L,K,M(2,3),S   (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio paradoxa aenigma—Great Blue Mime. Ceria Penyamar Besar    M(2,3,4)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio demoleus malayanus—Lime Butterfly. Ceria  Limau   L,K,M(1,2,3),S
• Papilio demolion demolion—Banded Swallowtail. Ceria Ekorlayang    L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Papilio castor selangoranus – Burmese Raven. Ceria Cecawi    L,K,M(3,4)   (In C&P4 listed as P. mahadeva)
• Papilio nephelus annulus – Black and White Helen. Ceria Perawan Hitamputih   L,K,M(3)
• Papilio nephelus sunatus—Black and White Helen. Ceria Perawan Hitamputih    M(3)
• Papilio helenus helenus—Red Helen. Ceria Perawan Merah   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Papilio iswaroides curtisi – Ceria Perawan Pahang   M(4)  All 9 GBIF records from Pahang.
• Papilio iswara iswara—Great Helen. Ceria Perawan Besar   L,M(3,4),S
• Papilio polytes romulus—Common Mormon. Ceria Sesumpah Biasa  L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S  
• Papilio memnon agenor—Great Mormon. Ceria Sesumpah Besar   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S  
• Papilio prexaspes prexaspes—Blue Helen. Ceria Perawan Biru   K,M(3),S
• *Papilio paris paris—Paris Peacock. Ceria Merak Paris   (Species of questionable records)
• Papilio palinurus palinurus—Banded Peacock. Ceria Merak Jalur   L,K,M(3)
• Meandrusa payeni ciminius – Yellow Gorgon. Garang Sabit.   M(3,4)  (or Outlet Sword or Sickle)  
• Graphium sarpedon luctatius—Common Bluebottle. Riang Segitiga  L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Graphium: Riang Group
• Graphium empedovana – Malayan Yellowbottle. Riang Malaya  L,M(3),T,S
• Graphium doson evemonides—Common Jay. Riang   L,K,M(3),S
• Graphium doson kajanga – Common Jay. Riang   T,A,Perhentian Islands
• Graphium evemon eventus—Lesser Jay. Riang Kecil.   L,K,M(3),S   (or Blue Jay by some. Lesser Jay: Butterflycircle, Ek-Amnuay)  
• Graphium eurypylus mecisteus—Great Jay. Riang Besar   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Graphium bathycles bathycloides—Striped Jay. Riang Belang   K,M(2,3),S
• Graphium chironides malayanum—Veined Jay. Riang Urat   M(3,4)
• Graphium agamemnon agamemnon—Tailed Jay. Riang Ekor   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Graphium arycles arycles—Spotted Jay. Riang Tompok   L,K,M(3)
•  Graphium agetes iponus – Fourbar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurempat    M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium aristeus hermocrates—Stripe Swordtail. Riang Pedang Belang   L,K,Perak   (Or Chain Swordtail: Wikipedia. Stripe: Ek-Amnuay)
• Graphium antiphates alcibiades—Fivebar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurlima    L,K,M(3),S   (In C&P4, listed as Pathysa a. itamputi)
•  Graphium antiphates pulauensis – Fivebar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurlima  T,A.   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium macareus perakensis—Lesser Zebra. Riang Zebra Kecil   L,K,Perak,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium macareus macaristus – Lesser Zebra. Riang Zebra Kecil   T   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium megarus megapenthes – Spotted Zebra. Riang Zebra Tompok   L,K,Perak,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium megarus tiomanensis – Spotted Zebra. Riang Zebra Tompok   T   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi—Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung   L,M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium ramaceus sachiyoae  ̶  Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung   L  (New, not in C&P4)
• Graphium ramaceus yukae—Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung.   T   (New, not in C&P4)
• Graphium delessertii delessertii—Malayan Zebra. Riang Zebra Malaya   L,K,M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Lamproptera curius curius—White Dragontail. Membara Naga-putih   L,K,M(3,4)
• Lamproptera meges virescens—Green Dragontail. Membara Naga-hijau   L,K,M(3,4)

Family: Pieridae

Family: Pieridae     SubFamily: Pierinae   Bird-themed groups

• Delias singhapura singhapura – Lion Jezebel. Kesumba Singa   M(3,4),S
• Delias georgina keda – Kesumba Menawan    Gunung Jerai(4)
• Delias georgina tahanica – Kesumba Menawan   Gunung Tahan(4)
• Delias georgina zenobia – Kesumba Menawan   M(4)
• Delias georgina orphne – Kesumba Menawan   Gunung Ledang(4)
• Delias belladonna malayana – Hill Jezebel. Kesumba Bukit   M(4)
• Delias pasithoe parthenope—Red-base Jezebel.  Kesumba Dasar-merah   K,M(1,2,3,4),S
• Delias acalis perakana – Red-breast Jezebel.  Kesumba Dada-merah   M(4)
• Delias ninus ninus — Malayan Jezebel. Kesumba Malaya   L,M(4)
• Delias descombesi eranthos – Red-spot Jezebel.  Kesumba Tompok-merah   M(3,4)
• Delias agostina johnsoni – Yellow Jezebel. Kesumba Genting-highland
• Delias baracasa dives – Common Yellow Jezebel.  Kesumba Kuning    M(4)
• Delias hyparete metarete—Painted Jezebel.  Kesumba Bersolek  K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Prioneris thestylis malaccana – Spotted Sawtooth. Takau Tompok   M(3,4)
• Prioneris philonome themana—Redspot Sawtooth. Takau Tompok-merah   M(3,4),S  
• Cepora nerissa dapha—Common Gull. Camar   L,K
• Cepora nadina andersoni—Lesser Gull. Camar Kecil   M(3,4)
• Cepora iudith malaya—Orange Gull. Camar Oren  L,K,M(3)  
• Cepora iudith talboti – Orange Gull. Camar Oren   T
• Cepora iudith siamensis – Orange Gull. Camar Oren   A
• Pieris canidia canidia—Cabbage White. Sintar Kobis.  S   (Butterflycircle: spotted in Johor)
• *Pieris melete montana – Green-veined White. Sintar Urat-hijau   (Species of questionable records. P. napi montana in C&P4)
• Appias lyncida vasava—Chocolate Albatross. Albatros Coklat   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   Appias, Saletera: Albatros Group
• Appias olferna olferna — Striped Albatross. Albatros Belang   M(2,3,4),A,S  (A name change from A. libythea olferna in C&P4)
• Appias nero nero—Orange Albatross. Albatros Oren   L,K,M(3,4).  (Appias nero figulina in C&P4; nero=figulina, C&P5.)
• Appias albina albina – Common Albatross. Albatros   L,K,M(3,4)
• Appias paulina distanti—Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil   L,K,M(3,4),S   (Or Common Albatross: Wikipedia. Lesser: Ek-Amnuay, Butterflycircle)
• Appias paulina adamsoni – Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil.   L  (not in C&P4)
• Appias paulina grisea – Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil   T,A
• Appias indra plana — Plain Puffin. Albatros Rembah Melaka   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   TL:Malacca
• Appias pandione lagela—Banded Puffin. Albatros Rembah Jalur   M(3,4)
• Appias cardena perakana – Yellow Puffin. Albatros Rembah Kuning   M(3,4),A  (or Malay Puffin: Hoskins; Yellow: Ek-Amnuay)
• Appias lalassis indroides – Burmese Puffin. Albatros Rembah Burma   M(3,4)
• Saletara panda distanti—Malaysian Albatross. Albatros Malaysia   K,M(3,4),T,A,S   (S. liberia distanti in C&P4)
• Udaiana cynis cynis—Forest White. Kedidi Rimba    M(3)   (Phrissura aegis cynis, C&P4)
• Udaiana cynis pryeri – Forest White. Kedidi Rimba   T,A  (Phrissura aegis pryeri, C&P4)
• Ixias pyrene verna—Yellow Orange Tip. Dendang Kuning    L,K,Gunung Jerai    Ixias, Hebomoia: Dendang Group
• Ixias pyrene birdi – Yellow Orange Tip. Dendang Kuning   M(3)
• Ixias alticola – Cream Orange Tip. Dendang Putih  M(4)    (I. pyrene alticola, C&P4.  Endemic species, C&P5. Cream OT by Kirton) 
• Hebomoia glaucippe aturia—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar    L,K,M(3,4),S
• Hebomoia glaucippe anomala—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar   T,A
• Hebomoia glaucippe theia—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar   Pemanggil Is.
• Pareronia anais—Common Wanderer. Tirjup Langkawi     L,K,Terenganu
• Pareronia valeria lutescens—Wanderer. Tirjup   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Leptosia nina nina—Psyche. Undan   L,K,Penang
• Leptosia nina malayana—Psyche. Undan   M(2,3),A,S  

Family: Pieridae      SubFamily: Coliadinae      Kuning Subfamily

• Dercas gobrias herodorus – Angled Sulphur. Kuning Belerang Sudut  K,M(3,4),T   (D. verhuelli herodorus in C&P4)  
• Catopsilia pyranthe pyranthe—Mottled Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Belak   L,K,M(2,3),T,S    Catopsila: Kuning Emigran Group
• Catopsilia pomona pomona—Lemon Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Lemon   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Catopsilia scylla cornelia—Orange Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Oren   L,K,M(2),T,S
• Eurema brigitta senna—Small Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Kecil.   Penang,S   (ButterfflyCircle: No Brand Grass Yellow. Small Grass: Ek-Amnuay)   Eurema: Kuning Rumput Group
• Eurema hecabe contubernalis—Common Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Biasa   L,K,M(1,2,3,4),T,A,S
• Eurema simulatrix littorea – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   L
• Eurema simulatrix tecmessa – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   K,M(2,3,4),S   (or Changeable GY: Wikipedia. Hill GY: Ek-Amnuay)
• Eurema simulatrix tiomanica – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   T,A 
• Eurema blanda blanda —Three-spot Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Tompok-tiga   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   (E. blanda snelleni in C&P4)
• Eurema andersonii andersonii – One-spot Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Tompok-satu   L,K,M(3,4),S   (or Anderson’s Grass Yellow: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle. One-spot GY: Wikipedia)
• Eurema lacteola lacteola – Scarce Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Jarang   M(3,4)  
• Eurema ada iona – Talbot’s Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Raub   K,M(3,4)    TL: Raub, Pahang
• Eurema sari sodalis—Chocolate Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Coklat   K,M(3,4),A,P,S
• Eurema nicevillei nicevillei — Banded Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Jalur   L,K,M(3),T  (E. tilaha nicevillei in C&P4)
• Gandaca harina distanti—Tree Yellow. Kuning Pohon   L,K,M(3,3,4),S   Gandaca: Kuning Pohon Group
• Gandaca harina aora – Tree Yellow. Kuning Pohon   T,A  

Family: Nymphalidae

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Danainae     Rimau, Bidadari, Rubah Groups

• Danaus chrysippus chrysippus—Plain Tiger. Rimau Dataran  L,K,M(2),T,S    Danaus, Tirumala, Parantica, Ideopsis: Rimau Group
• Danaus genutia genutia—Common Tiger. Rimau   L,M(2),S
• Danaus melanippus hegesippus—White Tiger. Rimau Putih   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   (or Black-veined Tiger. White: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton; Black-veined: ButterflyCircle)
• Danaus affinis malayanus—Swamp Tiger. Rimau Paya   L,M(1),S  (or Malay Tiger. Swamp: Kirton; Malay: Ek-Amnuay. Habitat: Mangroves)
• Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis—Dark Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru Gelap   L,K,M(3,4),S
• Tirumala gautama gautama – Scarce Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru Jarang    L
• Tirumala limniace exotica – Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru   East coast,S
• Parantica aspasia aspasia—Yellow Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Kuning   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Parantica agleoides agleoides—Dark Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Gelap   M(2,3,4),S
• Parantica aglea melanoides –  Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca   L,K,M(3,4)
• Parantica luzonensis aurensis — Yellow Tiger. Rimau Kuning   T,A,P
• Parantica melaneus sinopion—Chocolate Tiger. Rimau Coklat   M(3,4)
• Parantica sita ethologa—Chestnut Tiger. Rimau Berangan   K,M(4)
• Ideopsis vulgaris macrina—Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Ideopsis similis persimilis – Ceylon Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru-ceylon   L,K,Terengganu, Perak,Selangor   (or Blue Glassy Tiger: Ek-Amnuay. Ceylon: Kirton)
• Ideopsis juventa sitah—Grey Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Kelabu   East coast, Perhentian Is.,T,A,S
• Ideopsis gaura perakana— Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil   L,M(3,4)  
• Ideopsis gaura kajangensis – Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil   T
• Idea lynceus lynceus – Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon    L,K,M(3,4)    Idea: Bidadari Group   (Or Kertas or Surat)
• Idea stolli logani—Common Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Melaka    M(3,4),S    TL: Malacca.
• Idea hypermnestra linteata – Malayan Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Malaya   L,M(3,4)
• Idea leuconoe chersonesia—Mangrove Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Bakau   M(1),T,S   (or Large Tree Nymph: Kirton)
• Euploea modesta modesta – Plain Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Jarang   L,K,M(3)      Euploea: Rubah Group
• Euploea modesta tiomana – Plain Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Jarang   East coast,Pulau Tenggol,T,A,P
• Euploea crameri bremeri—Spotted Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Tompok   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Euploea crameri crameri – Spotted Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Tompok   T,A
• Euploea camaralzeman paraclaudina – Malayan Crow. Rubah Malaya   L,K   (By ButterflyCircle; Blue King Crow by Ek-Amnuay)  
• Euploea camaralzeman malayica—Malayan Crow. Rubah Malaya   M(3,4),S    (Malayan by ButterflyCircle; Blue King Crow by Ek-Amnuay)
• Euploea core graminifera—Common Indian Crow. Rubah India   L.

-form wheeleri   K

• Euploea algea menetriesii – Long Branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-panjang   L,K,M(1,3,4),T 
• Euploea doubledayi evalida – Greater Striped Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Belang-besar   L,K,M(4)
• Euploea eyndhovii gardineri— Lesser Striped Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Belang-kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),S  (ButterflyCircle changes name to Lesser SBC but later revert to SBC.)
• Euploea sylvester harrisii – Double-branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-berganda   L,K,M(3,4)
• Euploea sylvester near tyrianthina – Double-branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-berganda.   T,A
• Euploea mulciber mulciber—Striped Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Belang   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Euploea tulliolus ledereri—Dwarf Crow. Rubah Katik   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Euploea tulliolus near aristotelis – Rubah Katik.  T,A,P
• Euploea phaenareta castelnaui—King Crow. Rubah Raja   L,K,M(1,2,3),A,S
• Euploea midamus chloe – Blue Spotted Crow. Rubah Tompok Biru   L,M(3,4)
• Euploea midamus singapura—Blue Spotted Crow. Rubah Tompok Biru   T,A,S
• Euploea klugii erichsonii—Brown King Crow. Rubah Raja Perang   L,K,Penang
• Euploea eunice leucogonis—Blue Branded King Crow. Rubah Raja Tanda-biru   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Euploea radamanthus radamanthus—Magpie Crow. Rubah Murai   L,K,M(2,3,4),S

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Satyrinae     Browns and Arguses but generally, varied groups

• Melanitis leda leda—Common Evening Brown. Perang Senja   L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S
• Melanitis phedima abdullae—Dark Evening Brown. Perang Senja Gelap   L,M(2,3,4)
• Melanitis zitenius auletes – Great Evening Brown. Perang Senja Besar   K,M(3,4)
• Elymnias panthera panthera—Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   L,M(3,4),Perhentian Is.,S  
• Elymnias panthera tiomanica – Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   T,A
• Elymnias panthera redangensis – Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   Redang Is. (Not in C&P4)
• Elymnias dara darina – White-banded Palmfly. Palma Jalur-putih   M(3,4)
• Elymnias patna hanitschi – Blue-striped Palmfly. Palma Belang-biru   M(4)
• Elymnias hypermnestra tinctoria – Common Palmfly. Palma   L,K
• Elymnias hypermnestra discrepans – Common Palmfly. Palma   South Kedah, Penang
• Elymnias hypermnestra beatrice—Common Palmfly. Palma   M(1,2,3),S  (E.h. agina, C&P4. agina=Beatrice)
• Elymnias hypermnestra nimota – Common Palmfly. Palma   T,A
• Elymnias nesaea lioneli—Tiger Palmfly. Palma Rimau   L,M(3,4),A
• Elymnias saueri saueri — Dried-leaf Palmfly. Palma Daun-kering   L,K,M(3,4)   (E. casiphone saueri, C&P4)
• Elymnias casiphone erinyes – Palma Sumatra.  M(3)    TL: Sumatra. (in C&P4, Elymnias kamara erinyes)
• Elymnias kuenstleri kuenstleri – Palma Putih   M(3,4) 
• Elymnias harterti harteri — Black Palmfly. Palma Hitam   M(2,3,4)
• Elymnias esaca esaca – Green Palmfly. Palma Hijau   M(3,4)
• Elymnias penanga penanga—Pointed Palmfly. Palma Tirus   L,K,M(2,3,4)
• Elymnias malelas malelas – Spotted Palmfly. Palma Tompok   L,M(2,3)  (= E.m. ivena. Not in C&P4; new species for PM)
• Neorina lowii neophyta—Malayan Owl. Jampuk   K,M(3,4)  
• Ethope diademoides hislopi — White Diadem. Mahkota Kedah   K,Upper Perak    TL: Kedah.
• Xanthotaenia busiris busiris—Yellow-barred Pan. Dewi   K,M(3,4)   (Yellow-barred Pan (Kirton) or Pan (Ek-Amnuay))  
• Lethe confusa enima—Banded Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Jalur   M(3,4)    Lethe:  Rimbawan Group
• Lethe europa malaya—Bamboo Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Buluh   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Lethe minerva minerva – Banded Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Jalur   K,M(2,3)  
• Lethe vindhya luaba – Black Forester. Rimbawan Hitam   M(4)
• Lethe sinorix vanda – Tailed Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Berekor   M (4)
• Lethe mekara gopaka—Common Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah   K,M(2,3,4)
• Lethe chandica namura – Angled Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Sumatra   K,M(3,4)   TL: Padang, Sumatra
• Lethe verma robinsoni—Straight Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Lurus   M(4) (Straight Tree Brown by Ek-Amnuay)
• Mycalesis perseus cepheus—Dingy Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Suram   L,K,M(2,3),S    Mycalesis, Mydosama, Calupa, Telinga:  Perang-belukar Group
• Mycalesis perseoides – Burmese Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Burma   L,K,M(2),S   (M. p. perseoides in C&P4. C&P5 considers no sub-species)
• Mycalesis mineus macromalayana—Dark Brand Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tanda-gelap   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Mycalesis distanti –Wavy Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Beralun   L,K,M(2,3)   (M. intermedia distanti in C&P4.)
• Mycalesis horsfieldi hermana – Horsfield’s Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Rimba   M(3),T,A
• Mycalesis visala phamis—Long Brand Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tanda-panjang   K,M(3),S
• Mycalesis orseis nautilus—Purple Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Ungu   K,M(3,4),S
• Mycalesis anaxias senoi – White-bar Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jalur-putih   M(4)
• Mycalesis anaxioides — Large White-bar Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jalur-putih Besar   K,M(3,4)
• Mycalesis oroatis ustulata—Red Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Merah   K,M(3)
• Mydosama anapita anapita – Tawny Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jingga   K,M(2,3)  (Mycalesis a. anapita in C&P4)
• Mydosama patiana — Eliot’s Bush-Brown. Perang-belukar Jarang   M(3)   (Mycalesis patiana in C&P4)
• Mydosama fuscum fuscum—Malayan Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Malaya   M(3),S   (Mycalesis fusca fusca in C&P4)
• Mydosama maianeas maianeas — Bandless Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tiada-jalur   K,M(3,4   (Mycalesis m. maianeas in C&P4)
• Mydosama dohertyi dohertyi – Perang-belukar Jalur-lebar   M(3)   (Mycalesis dohertyi dohertyi in C&P4). Broad buff band on underside.
• Calupa mnasicles perna —  Cyclops Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Mataputih   L,K,M(3,4)   (Mycalesis mnasicles perna in C&P4)  
• Telinga janardana sagittigera — Common Bush-brown. Perang-belukar   M(2,3,4),T   (Mycalesis j. sagittegera in C&P4 and Kirton. Mottled BB by Kirton. Common BB by NL Liew)
• Orsotriaena medus cinerea—Dark Grass-Brown. Perang-rumput   L,K,M(2,3),T,S    Orsotriaena: Perang-rumput Group
• Erites argentina delia — Eyed Cyclops.  Saiklop Bermata   L,K,M(3)   Erites: Saiklop Group
• Erites medura russelli — Curved Cyclops.  Saiklop Selangor   M(3)   TL: Selangor
• Erites angularis angularis — Angled Cyclops. Saiklop Burma   L,K,M(3)   TL: Tenasserim Burma
• Erites elegans distincta – Elegant Satyr.  Saiklop Segak   M(3) 
• Coelites epiminthia epiminthia — Blue Catseye. Matakucing Biru   L,K,M(3)   (or Straight-Banded Catseye: Ek-Amnuay. Blue: Kirton)
• Coelites euptychioides humilis — Purple-streaked Catseye. Matakucing Coret-ungu   K,M(3)   (Restricted Catseye: Ek-Amnuay. Purple-streaked: Kirton)
• Ragadia crisilda critolina – White-striped Ringlet. Gelung Belang-putih   K  
• Ragadia critolaus – Zebra Ringlet. Gelung Zebra   M(3,4)   (Not in C&P4)
• Ragadia makuta siponta — Striped Ringlet. Gelung Belang.   K,M(3,4)  (or Brown-banded: Kirton)
• Ypthima huebneri—Common Four-ring. Bulatan Empat   L,K,M(2,3),S   Ypthima: Bulatan Group
• *Ypthima philomela philomela – Baby Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Bayi   (Species of questionable records)
• Ypthima fasciata torone — Malayan Six-ring. Bulatan Enam Malaya   K,M(3,4),S
• Ypthima newboldi—Common Five-ring. Bulatan Lima   L,K,M(2,3),S  (Y, baldus newboldi in C&P4)
• Ypthima horsfieldii humei — Malayan Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Ypthima savara tonkiniana — Pallid Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Pucat   M(3,4) 
• Ypthima dohertyi mossmani — Great Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Besar   M(4)
• Ypthima pandocus corticaria — Common Three-ring. Bulatan Tiga    M(2,3,4),S
• Ypthima pandocus tahanensis – Common Three-ring. Bulatan Tiga   Gunung Tahan(4)
• Faunis canens arcesilas—Common Faun. Dewa   L,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Faunis, Melanocyma: Dewa Group
• Faunis kirata – Broad Striped Faun. Dewa Belang-lebar   K,M(3)   
• Faunis gracilis – Narrow Striped Faun. Dewa Belang-sempit   M(3,4)
• Melanocyma faunula faunula—Pallid Faun. Dewa Pucat   K,M(3,4)
• Taenaris horsfieldii birchi – Silky Owl. Mata-mata    Johore(3),Pahang   (or Big-Eyed Jungle Lady: both names from Wikipedia.)
• Amathusia phidippus phidippus—Palmking. Rajapalma   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Amathusia friderici holmanhunti – Bicolor-haired Palmking. Rajapalma Semenanjung  M(2,3,4)   TL: Perak
• Amathusia binghami – Rajapalma Pulau-pinang   M(3)   TL: Pulau Pinang
• Amathusia perakana perakana – Perak Palmking. Rajapalma Perak   M(3,4)  TL: Larut
• Amathusia schoenbergi schoenbergi – Scalling Palmking. Rajapalma Sisik   M(3,4)
• Amathusia ochraceofusca ochraceofusca — Pale-haired Palmking. Rajapalma Bulu-pucat   M(3)
• Amathusia masina malaya – Rusty Palmking. Rajapalma Karat   L,M(3)
• Amathuxidia amythaon dilucida—Koh-I-Noor. Koh-I-Noor   L,K,M(3,4)
• Zeuxidia amethystus amethystus—Saturn. Zuhal    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Zeuxidia doubledayi doubledayi – Scarce Saturn. Zuhal Jarang    M(3,4)  
• Zeuxidia aurelius aurelius—Giant Saturn. Zuhal Gergasi   M(3,4)   (Or Great Saturn  by Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew; Giant by ButterflyCircle)
• Thaumantis noureddin noureddin—Dark Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Gelap  M(2,3),S   (or Chocolate Jungle Glory: Ek-Amnuay. Dark JG: Kirton)
• Thaumantis odana pishuna – Malayan Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Malaya   K,M(3,4)
• Thaumantis klugius lucipor—Dark Blue Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Biru-gelap    L,K,M(3),S   (or Dark Jungle Glory: Ek-Amnuay. DBJG: Kirton)
• Thauria aliris pseudaliris—Tufted Jungle King. Rajarimba    K,M(3,4)
• Discophora sondaica despoliata—Common Duffer. Pandir   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Discophora timora perakensis—Great Duffer. Pandir Besar   K,M(2,3,4)
• Discophora necho engamon — Blue Duffer. Pandir Biru   M(3)
• Enispe duranius corbeti – Red Caliph. Khalifah Merah.  K,M(3,4)   (E. intermedia corbetti in C&P4)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Heliconiinae    Old Malay Society-themed groups

• Acraea terpsicore—Tawny Coster. Penghijrah    L,K,M(2),S   (To some, terpsicore=violae, to others, separate.)
• Cethosia biblis perakana—Red Lacewing. Marhaen Merah   M(2,3,4),T
• Cethosia biblis pemanggilensis—Red Lacewing. Marhaen Merah.   A,P
• Cethosia hypsea hypsina—Malay Lacewing. Marhaen Melayu   M(2,3,4),S  (or Malayan Lacewing: Kirton; Malay:  C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle.)
• Cethosia hypsea elioti – Malay Lacewing. Marhaen Melayu   T,A  (or Malayan Lacewing. Malay: C&P, Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle; Malayan: Kirton)
• Cethosia methypsea methypsea – Orange Lacewing. Marhaen Oren.  L,K,M(3,4),S   (Replacing C. penthesilea methypsea in C&P4, Plain Lacewing.  Or Northern Orange Lacewing: Kirton. Orange Lacewing: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Cethosia cyane — Leopard Lacewing. Marhaen Rimaubintang   L,K,M(2),S   (Relatively recent arrival to PM from Thailand)  
• Dryas iulia near moderata – Julia Heliconian. Kelana Julia   L,M(2)Selangor   (Or Julia Butterfly. Recent arrival from Thailand, originally the Americas, not in C&P4. In Langkawi 2009, Selangor 2014)
• Argynnis hyperbius sumatrensis—Indian Fritillary. Kembara India    M(4) Cameron Highlands only?   (Genus Argyreus used by Ek-Amnuay) 
• Cupha erymanthis lotis—Rustic. Desa   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Cupha erymanthis tiomana – Rustic. Desa   T,A  
• Phalanta phalantha phalantha—Leopard. Hulubalang    L,M(2),T,A,S   Note: My photograph was taken in Perlis, 2/6/2013, i.e., distribution is L,K,M(2),T,A,S  
• Phalanta alcippe alcesta—Small Leopard.  Hulubalang Kecil   K,M(3,4)
• Phalanta alcippe tiomana – Small Leopard. Hulubalang Kecil  T 
• Phalanta alcippe aurica – Small Leopard. Hulubalang Kecil   A
• Vagrans egista macromalayana—Vagrant. Perantau   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   (Kirton calls it V. sinha macromalayana; Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi, ButterflyCircle, V. s. sinha.)
• Algia fasciata fasciata—Little Banded Yeoman. Dukun   L,K,M(3,4),T,A   (Algia: Y.Inayoshi, Savela; Paduca: C&P4, Ek-Amnuay)  
• Cirrochroa tyche rotundata—Common Yeoman. Bentara   L,K,M(2,3,4),S     Cirrochroa: Bentara Group
• Cirrochroa tyche aurica – Common Yeoman. Bentara   T,A,P 
• Cirrochroa surya siamensis – Little Yeoman. Bentara Kecil    L,K
• Cirrochroa emalea emalea—Malay Yeoman. Bentara Melayu    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Cirrochroa malaya malaya – Bentara Malaya   M(3,4)
• Cirrochroa satellita satellita – Satellite Yeoman. Bentara Jarang   M(3,4)  
• Cirrochroa orissa orissa—Banded Yeoman. Bentara Jalur   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Vindula erota erota— Cruiser. Peronda   K,L  (Cruiser: C&P5, Kirton. Common Cruiser: Ek-Amnuay)
• Vindula erota chersonesia – Cruiser. Peronda   M(3,4) 
• Vindula dejone erotella — Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   K,M(2,3,4),S   (Or Malay or Malayan Cruiser or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: ButterflyCircle, Kirton)
• Vindula dejone tiomana – Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   T   (Or Malay or Malayan Cruiser or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Vindula dejone rafflesi — Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   A   (or Malay or Malayan Cruiser. Or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Terinos terpander robertsia—Royal Assyrian. Nujum Diraja    L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Terinos terpander tiomanensis – Royal Assyrian. Nujum Diraja   T,A   (T. clarissa aurensis in C&P4 recorded for Aur Is. has been dropped in C&P5)
• Terinos clarissa malayana—Malayan Assyrian. Nujum Malaya  L,K,M(3)   (In C&P4, T. c. malayanus)
• Terinos clarissa aurensis – Malayan Assyrian. Nujum Malaya    A
• Terinos atlita teuthras—Large Assyrian. Nujum Besar   L,M(3)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Biblidinae    Jarak/Castor Subfamily

• Ariadne ariadne ariadne—Angled Castor. Jarak Sudut   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Ariadne merione ginosa—Common Castor. Jarak   K,M(3,4)
• Ariadne specularia arca – Banded Castor. Jarak Jalur   L
• Ariadne isaeus isaeus — Malay Castor. Jarak Melayu   M(3,4)   (Or Lesser Angled by NL Liew, Malayan by Ek-Amnuay, Malay by ButterflyCircle)
• Laringa castelnaui castelnaui – Blue Dandy. Jarak Peraga Biru   K,M(3,4),T    Laringa: Jarak Peraga Group

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Nymphalinae    Beauty, Leaf-themed Groups

• Junonia iphita horsfieldi—Chocolate Soldier. Pesolek Askar Coklat   L,K,M(2,3,4)   Junonia: Pesolek Group
• Junonia hedonia ida—Chocolate Pansy. Pesolek Coklat   Johore,S   (Note: From experience, easily available now, 2023, in Selangor-Kuala Lumpur. My first record in KL, 2013. And Raub, by NL Liew, 2014)
• Junonia hedonia seitzi – Chocolate Pansy. Pesolek Coklat   T,A
• Junonia atlites atlites—Grey Pansy. Pesolek Kelabu   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Junonia almana javana—Peacock Pansy. Pesolek Merak   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Junonia lemonias lemonias—Lemon Pansy. Pesolek Lemon   L,K,M(2,3)
• Junonia orithya wallacei—Blue Pansy. Pesolek Biru   L,K,M(2),S
• Junonia hierta hierta—Yellow Pansy. Pesolek Kuning   L,K
• Yoma sabina vasuki –  Lurcher. Pencurihati    L,Perak
• Hypolimnas anomala anomala—Malayan Eggfly. Pemikat Malaya   L,M(3),T,A,S
• Hypolimnas misippus misippus—Danaid Eggfly. Pemikat Menawan    L,K,M(2,4),T,S
• Hypolimnas bolina bolina—Great Eggfly.  Pemikat Besar   L,M(1,2),T,S
• Hypolimnas bolina jacintha — Great Eggfly. Pemikat Besar   L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S  
• Vanessa cardui — Painted Lady. Pedandan Bersolek.  M(3,4),S    Mainly, C.Highlands.   Vanessa, Kaniska:  Pedandan Group
• Vanessa indica indica — Indian Red Admiral. Pedandan Merah India.   S
• Kaniska canace perakana—Blue Admiral. Pedandan Biru   M(4)
• Symbrenthia lilaea luciana—Common Jester. Segak   M(3,4)
• Symbrenthia hippoclus selangorana – Malayan Jester.  Segak Malaya   M(3),S  (Or Peninsular Jester: Ek_Amnuay. Malayan: ButterflyCircle)
• Symbrenthia hypselis sinis – Himalayan Jester. Segak Himalaya   M(3,4)    (S.h. sinis=S.h. cotanda: Y.Inayoshi)
• Symbrenthia hypatia chersonesia – Intricate Jester.  Segak Seni   M(3,4) 
• Kallima limborgii amplirufa—Leaf Butterfly. Daun    K,M(2,3,4)  
• Rhinopalpa polynice eudoxia—Wizard. Anggun    L,K,M(3,4)  
• Doleschallia bisaltide pratipa—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S   
• Doleschallia bisaltide continentalis—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   L   (continentalis=siamensis)
• Doleschallia bisaltide ?bisaltide var—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   Selangor,S

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Cyrestinae     Peta/Map Subfamily

• Cyrestis themire themire – Little Map. Peta Kecil   L,K,M(2,4)   Cyrestis: Peta Group
• Cyrestis themire siamensis – Little Map. Peta Kecil   Perhentian Is.
• Cyrestis themire robinsoni – Little Map. Peta Kecil   T
• Cyrestis themire pemanggilensis – Little Map. Peta Kecil   A,P
• Cyrestis cocles earli – Marbled Map. Peta Marmar   L,K,M(3)
• Cyrestis nivea nivalis – Straight Line Map. Peta Baris-lurus   K,M(3)  (Or Straight Line Map-wing: Savela. Straight Line Map: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Cyrestis nivea pigmentosa – Straight Line Map. Peta Baris-lurus   T  (Or Straight Line Map-wing: Savela. Straight Line Map: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Cyrestis maenalis martini—Common Mapwing. Peta   M(3,4)   (Note: Common Map is C. thyodamas, in the Indian sub-continent and others.)
• Chersonesia risa risa – Common Maplet. Peta Kenit Assam    K,M(3,4)
• Chersonesia rahria rahria—Wavy Maplet. Peta Kenit Beralun   K,M(3,4),A   (Wavy Maplet: C&P5. Greater WM, Kirton)
• Chersonesia rahria tiomana—Wavy Maplet. Peta Kenit Beralun   T   (Not in C&P4)
• Chersonesia intermedia intermedia–Intermediate Maplet. Peta Kenit Tengahan   M(2,3,4)
• Chersonesia nicevillei – Peta Kenit Jarang    M(3)
• Chersonesia peraka peraka—Rounded Maplet. Peta Kenit Bulat   M(3,4),S   (Or Little Maplet by NL Liew. Rounded the original name, see ButterflyCircle. Rounded too by Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Limenitidinae     Military and Nobility Groups

• Neptis duryodana nesia — Malayan Sailor. Pelayar Malaya   M(3),T   (Sailer in Kirton; Sailor in C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, and ButterflyCircle)   Neptis, Phaedyma: Pelayar Group
• Neptis clinia leuconata – Clear Sailor. Pelayar Jelas   L,K,M(3)
• Neptis clinioides gunongensis – Pelayar Gunong   M(3,4) 
• Neptis sedata – Scarce Dark Sailor. Pelayar Gelap Jarang    M(3,4)
• Neptis hylas papaja—Common Sailor. Pelayar   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Neptis soma pendleburyi – Sullied Sailor. Pelayar Tercemar   M(4)   (or Cream-spotted Sailor: Ek-Amnuay. Sullied: Wikipedia, NL Liew)
• Neptis nata gononata – Sullied Brown Sailor. Pelayar Perang Tercemar   K,M(3,4)
• Neptis leucoporos cresina—Burmese Sailor. Pelayar Burma   L,M(3),S   (Or previously, Grey Sailor. See Butterflycircle)
• Neptis omeroda omeroda – Dingy Sailor. Pelayar Comot   L,K,M(3,4)
• Neptis harita harita—Chocolate Sailor. Pelayar Coklat   L,K,M(3,4),T,S
• Neptis ilira cindia – Dark Dingy Sailor. Pelayar Comot Gelap   M(3),T
• Neptis miah batara – Small Yellow Sailor. Pelayar Kuning    L,M(3,4)
• Neptis sankara peninsularis – Broad-banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-lebar   M(4)
• Neptis magadha charon — Spotted Sailor. Pelayar Tompok   M(3,4)
• Neptis anjana hyria – Rich Sailor. Pelayar Mewah   M(4)
• Phaedyma columella singa—Short-Banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-pendek   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Phaedyma columella parvimacula—Short-banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-pendek   T
• Lasippa heliodore dorelia—Burmese Lascar. Laskar Burma   L,K,M(2,3,4),S    Lasippa, Pantoporia: Laskar Group
• Lasippa tiga camboja – Malayan Lascar. Laskar Malaya.   L   
• Lasippa tiga siaka—Malayan Lascar. Laskar Malaya   K,M(2,3,4),S   (Malayan: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew, ButterflyCircle. Others, eg, Savella: Burmese Lascar. For Ek-Amnuay, Burmese is L. heliodore, see above)
• Lasippa monata monata — Tiger Lascar. Laskar Rimau   L,K,M(3)   (Tiger: Ek-Amnuay)
• Pantoporia hordonia hordonia—Common Lascar. Laskar    L,K,M(3),S
• Pantoporia sandaka sandaka – Broad-Striped Lascar. Laskar Belang-lebar   L,K,M(3,4)   (Broad-Striped: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle. Tiger: NL Liew)
• Pantoporia paraka paraka—Perak Lascar. Laskar Perak   L,K,M(1,2,3),S
• Pantoporia dindinga – Greyline Lascar. Laskar Bariskelabu    K,M(3,4)
• Pantoporia aurelia aurelia – Baby Lascar. Laskar Kecil    K,M(3,4)
• Lebadea martha martha – Knight. Satria   L,K  
• Lebadea martha malayana – Knight. Satria   K,M(3),T,S
• Lebadea martha parkeri – Knight. Satria   S
• Athyma pravara helma—Lance Sergeant. Sarjan Pemangku   K,M(3,4),S   Athyma: Sarjan Group  
• Athyma perius perius—Common Sergeant. Sarjan   L,K,M(2,3)
• Athyma asura idita—Studded Sergeant. Sarjan Bertatah   M(3),S
• Athyma larymna siamensis – Great Sergeant. Sarjan Besar   M(3,4)
• Athyma kanwa kanwa—Dot-dash Sergeant. Sarjan Titik-sempang    L,M(3,4),S
• Athyma reta moorei—Malay Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf Melayu   L,M(3),S
• Athyma selenophora selenophora – Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf   L   (Note: Odd distribution. It’s not recorded in Thailand. Savella puts its range as Sikkim, Bhutan, and ?South India)
• Athyma selenophora amharina—Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf    M(3,4)
• Athyma cama gynea – Orange Staff Sergeant.  Sarjan Staf Oren   M(3,4)   (gynae=cardoni)
• Athyma nefte subrata—Colour Sergeant. Sarjan Warna   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S
• Athyma matanga—Lesser Cell-streaked Sergeant. Sarjan Coret-sel Kecil   M(3,4)   (A. ranga malaya in C&P4)
• Athyma clerica clerica — Strange Sergeant. Sarjan Pelik   L,M(3,4)   (Replaces A. abiasa clerica in C&P4)
• Athyma sinope sinope — Colonel. Sarjan Kuning   M(3,4),S  (Replaces Pandita sinope sinope in C&P4)
• Athyma daraxa theoda – Green Commodore. Sarjan Komodor Hijau   M(4)   (Replaces Sumalia daraxa theoda in C&P4)
• Athyma agneya – Malayan Commodore. Sarjan Komodor Malaya   M(4)   (Replaces Sumalia agneya in C&P4)  
• Moduza procris procris – Commander. Komander   L,K  
• Moduza procris milonia—Commander. Komander   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Moduza procris tioma – Commander. Komander.  T,A,P 
• Parthenos sylvia lilacinus—Clipper. Jeneral   L,K,M(2,3),P,S
• Tanaecia pelea pelea—Malay Viscount. Orangkaya Melayu     M(3,4),S    Tanaecia: Orangkaya Group
• Tanaecia pelea irenae – Malay Viscount. Orangkaya Melayu   T
• Tanaecia palguna consanguinea — Long-lined Viscount. Orangkaya Baris-panjang   M(3)
• Tanaecia heringi regalis – Orangkaya Jarang   M(3)   (T. coelebs, in C&P4)
• Tanaecia clathrata violaria – Violet-bordered Viscount. Orangkaya Sempadan-lembayung    K,M(3)
• Tanaecia munda waterstradti – Peninsular Viscount. Orangkaya Semenanjung   M(3)
• Tanaecia aruna aruna — Short-banded Viscount. Orangkaya Jalur-pendek   L,K,M(3)
• Tanaecia julii xiphiones – Common Earl. Orangkaya Raden   L   (Note: NL Liew reports it as the “commonest” butterfly up the trail on Gunung Jerai, Kedah)
• Tanaecia julii bougainvillei—Common Earl. Orangkaya Raden   K,M(3,4),Perhentian Is.
• Tanaecia flora flora – Blue Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Biru   K,Perak   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia flora andersonii – Blue Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Biru.   L,K   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia lepidea matala – Grey Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Kelabu   M(4)
•  Tanaecia cocytus cocytus – Lavender Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Harum   L  (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia godartii picturatus – Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu   L,K   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi.  Kedawi endemic? It’s not in Thailand. Savela has no distribution for it.)
• Tanaecia godartii asoka — Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu   M(3,4)   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia godartii puloa —  Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu. S  (Now extinct in Singapore: C&P5)
• Tanaecia iapis puseda — Horsfield’s Baron. Orangkaya Biru   K,M(3,4),S   (Cynitia cocytina puseda used by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi; T. c. puseda by Savela)
• Euthalia monina monina—Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   K,M(3,4),S    Euthalia: Pengiran Group
• Euthalia monina insularis – Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   T
• Euthalia monina varius — Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia aconthea garuda – Baron. Pengiran   L   (Or Common Baron. Odd distribution – not in peninsula but upper Thailand)
• Euthalia aconthea gurda— Baron. Pengiran    K,M(2,3),T,S.   (or Common, or Mango Baron?)
• Euthalia alpheda langkawica – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   L,K  
• Euthalia alpheda yamuna – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   M(3)
• Euthalia alpheda tiomana – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   T   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia merta merta—Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap   M(3,4),S   (Or White-tipped Baron: ButterflyCircle, NL Liew. Dark-male: Ek-Amnuay)
• Euthalia merta milleri – Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap   L
• Euthalia merta tioma – Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap    T
• Euthalia eriphylae raya – White-tipped Baron. Pengiran Ujung-putih   L
• Euthalia eriphylae elioti – White-tipped Baron. Pengiran Ujung-putih   M(3,4)   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia mahadeva kimurai – Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia mahadeva zichrina – Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru   K,M(3,4)
• Euthalia kanda marana – Yellow Baron. Pengiran Kuning   L,M(3)
• Euthalia phemius phemius — White-edged Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru Tepian-putih   L,K,M(3,4)   (E. ipona in C&P4. Odd distribution from Y.Inayoshi’s map: not in peninsula Thailand but up north)
• Euthalia tinna paupera – Peninsular Baron. Pengiran Semenanjung   M(4)   (E. agnis paupera, C&P4)
• Euthalia agnis hiyamai — Hiyama’s Baron. Pengiran Cameron-highland   M(4)
• Euthalia anosia bunaya – Grey Baron. Pengiran Kelabu   M(3)
• Euthalia djata siamica – Red-spot Baron. Pengiran Tompok-merah   L
• Euthalia djata rubidifascia – Red-spot Baron. Pengiran Tompok-merah   M(3)
• Euthalia lubentina chersonesia –Common Gaudy Baron. Pengiran Menawan   L,M(2,3,4)   (E. l. lubentina in C&P4)
• Euthalia malaccana malaccana – Malay Red Baron. Pengiran Merah   M(3,4)   (Or Fruhstorfer’s Baron or Malay Baron: NL Liew. Malay Red Baron: Ek-Amnuay)
• Euthalia adonia beata – Green Baron. Pengiran Hijau.  L  (Or White-banded: Ek-Amnuay. Green: Kirton.)
• Euthalia adonia pinwilli—Green Baron. Pengiran Hijau   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Euthalia whiteheadi mariae – Tri-coloured Baron. Pengiran Tiga-warna   M(4)
• Dophla evelina compta—Red-spot Duke. Adipati Tompok-merah   L,K,M(3),T
• Bassarona teuta rayana – Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   L   (Euthalia t. rayana by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona teuta goodrichi—Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   K,(M3)   (Euthalia t. goodrichi by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona teuta tiomanica – Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   T
• Bassarona recta monilis—Red-spot Marquis. Orangbesar Tompok-merah   L,K,Perak   (=Euthalia r. monilis by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona dunya dunya—Great Marquis. Orangbesar Raya   L,K,M(3)   (Euthalia d. dunya by Y.Inayoshi)
• Lexias dirtea merguia—Dark Archduke. Bangsawan Gelap   L,M(3,4),S   (Or Black-tipped Archduke: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew. Dark: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Lexias dirtea iwasakii – Dark Archduke. Bangsawan Gelap   T   (Or Black-tipped Archduke: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew. Dark: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Lexias pardalis dirteana—Archduke. Bangsawan   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Lexias cyanipardus sandakana—Great Archduke. Bangsawan Besar   M(3)   (L. bangkana johorensis by Ek-Amnuay)
• Lexias canescens pardalina — Yellow Archduke. Bangsawan Kuning   K,M(3),S

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Pseudergolinae    Ninja Subfamily

• *Amnosia decora perakana – Ninja. Ninja   (Species of questionable records)
• Stibochiona nicea subucula – Popinjay. Ninja Bongkak   M(3,4)   
• Dichorragia nesimachus deiokes—Constable. Ninja Konstabel   M(3,4)

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Apaturinae   Royal Household Groups

• Rohana parisatis siamensis – Black Prince. Putera   M(3,4)
• Eulaceura osteria kumana—Elegant Emperor. Maharaja    M(3,4),S   (Or Purple Duke: ButerflyCircle 2007 but revised to Elegant Emperor 2015)
• Eulaceura osteria yukiyai—Elegant Emperor. Maharaja   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Herona marathus angustata—Yellow Pasha. Sultan Kuning   L,K
• Herona sumatrana dusuntua – White Pasha. Sultan Putih   M(3)
• Euripus nyctelius euploeoides—Courtesan. Permaisuri   L,M(3),S
• Sephisa chandra stubbsi – Eastern Courtier. Maharani    M(4)
• Hestina mimetica ruvanella – Circe. Puteri   M(3,4)

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Charaxinae    Indian Noblity Groups

• Prothoe franck uniformis—Blue Begum. Begum Biru   L,K,M(3)   Prothoe, Agatasa: Begum Group
• Agatasa calydonia calydonia—Glorious Begum. Begum Gemilang   K,M(3)
• Charaxes athamas athamas—Common Nawab. Nawab   L,K,M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. a. athamas in C&P4)   Charaxes: Nawab Group
• Charaxes athamas uraeus – Common Nawab. Nawab   L,K,M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. a. uraeus in C&P4)
• Charaxes moori moori – Malayan Nawab. Nawab Malaya   L,M(3),S   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. m. moori in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe chersonesus – Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   M(3)   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.  C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. chersonesus in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe plautus— Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   Johore,S   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.  C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. plautus in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe takizawai – Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   T,A   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.   C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. takizawai in C&P4)
• Charaxes jalysus jalysus – Indian Yellow Nawab. Nawab Kuning India   M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. j. jalysus in C&P4)
• Charaxes eudamippus peninsularis – Great Nawab. Nawab Besar   M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. e. peninsularis in C&P4)
• Charaxes delphis concha—Jewelled Nawab. Nawab Permata   L,K,M(3,4)   (Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. d. concha in C&P4)  
• Charaxes schreiber tisamenus—Blue Nawab. Nawab Biru   L,M(3,4),S   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. s. tisamenus in C&P4)
• Charaxes echo echo—Black Rajah. Nawab Rajah Hitam   L,M(3),S   (C. solon echo in C&P4)
• Charaxes bernardus crepax—Tawny Rajah. Nawab Rajah Jingga   L,K,M(3,4)
• *Charaxes marmax philosarcus—Yellow Rajah. Nawab Rajah Kuning   (Species of questionable records)
• Charaxes harmodius maruyamai – Double Eye-spotted Rajah. Nawab Rajah Malaya   M(3)
• Charaxes distanti distanti – Malay Rajah. Nawab Rajah Melayu   M(3,4)
• Charaxes borneensis praestantius – White Banded Rajah. Nawab Rajah Jalur-putih   K,M(3,4)
• Charaxes durnfordi durnfordi – Chestnut Rajah. Nawab Rajah Perang    M(3)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Libytheinae    Paruh Subfamily

• Libythea narina – Whitespotted Beak. Paruh Tompok-putih.   L   (L. n. rohini in C&P4)
• Libythea myrrha hecura – Club Beak. Paruh Belantan   M(3,4)  

Family: Riodinidae

Family: Riodinidae   Subfamily: Nemeobiinae      Comedy-themed Groups

• Zemeros flegyas allica—Common Punchinello. Pelawak   L
• Zemeros flegyas albipunctatus—Punchinello. Pelawak   M(2,3,4),S
• Zemeros emesoides emesoides – Malay Punchinello. Pelawak Melayu   L,K,M(2,3),T
• Dodona eugenes chaseni – Tailed Punch. Sattar Ekor   Gunung Tahan(4)  
• Dodona egeon confluens—Orange Punch. Sattar Oren   M(4)
• Dodona deodata anu – White Punch. Sattar Putih   M(3,4),Johore   (or Broad-banded Punch. White: Ek-Amnuay)
• Stiboges nymphidia nymphidia – Columbine. Kekasih Badut   L,K,M(3,4)
• Abisara kausambi kausambi – Straight Plum Judy. Joyah Lurus   L,M(3) 
• Abisara geza niya – Spotted Judy. Joyah Tompok   M(2,3),S
• Abisara saturata kausambioides—Malayan Plum Judy.   Joyah Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   
• Abisara neophron chelina – Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor   M(4)   (Or Malayan Plum Judy: NL Liew. Tailed Judy: Ek-Amnuay, Butterflycircle.   Or Archigenes n. chelina: Y.Inayoshi)
• Abisara savitri savitri—Malay Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor Melayu   L,M(2,3,4),T?,S   (Or Archigenes s. savitri: Y.Inayoshi)
• Abisara savitri albistictica—Malay Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor Melayu   L   (Not in C&P4.  Or Archigenes s. albistictica: Y.Inayoshi)
• Paralaxita damajanti damajanti—Malay Red Harlequin. Badut Merah Melayu  K,M(3,4)   Paralaxita, Laxita, Taxila: Badut Group
• Paralaxita telesia lyclene—Common Red Harlequin. Badut Merah   K,M(3,4)
• Paralaxita orphna laocoon—Banded Harlequin. Badut Jalur   K,M(3,4)
• Laxita thuisto thuisto—Lesser Harlequin. Badut Kecil   L,K,M(3),S
• Taxila haquinus haquinus—Harlequin. Badut   L,K,M(3,4),S

Family: Lycaenidae

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Poritiinae    Batu Permata/Gems Groups

• Cyaniriodes libna andersonii—Emerald. Zamrud   L,M(3)
• Poritia philota philota – Malayan Gem. Jauhari Malaya   M(3,4),S   (or Malay Gem: Ek-Amnuay. Malayan: ButterflyCircle)
• Poritia erycinoides phraatica – Blue Gem. Jauhari Biru   L,M(3,4),T
• Poritia sumatrae sumatrae—Sumatran Gem. Jauhari Sumatra   M(3),S
• Poritia phama regia – Jauhari Kinabalu   L    TL: Kinabalu
• Poritia phama rajata – Jauhari Kinabalu   K,M(3,4)
• Poritia pleurata – Green Gem. Jauhari Hijau   M(3)
• Poritia ibrahimi – Jauhari Rantau-abang   M(3)   (Not in C&P4. New species, Eliot and Kirton 2000.  Endemic: C&P5)
• Poritia manilia manilia –Bicolored Gem. Jauhari Dwiwarna   M(3)
• Poritia manilia evansi – Bicolored Gem. Jauhari Dwiwarna   L,Kelantan
• Poritia promula elegans – Jauhari Segak   M(3,4)
• Poritia hewitsoni taleva – Common Gem. Jauhari   L,K,M(3)
• Simiskina phalena phalena – Broad-banded Brilliant. Berlian Jalur-lebar   M(3,4)
• Simiskina pheretia pheretia – Streaked Blue Brilliant. Berlian Bercoret-biru   M(3,4)
• Simiskina pharyge deolina—Blue-line Brilliant. Berlian Baris-biru   L,M(3,4)
• Simiskina pasira – Green-blue Brilliant. Berlian Hijau-biru   L,K,M(3)
• Simiskina proxima dohertyi — Silver-blue Brilliant. Berlian Perak-biru   L,M(3,4)
• Simiskina phalia potina – Blue Brilliant. Berlian Biru   M(3)
• Simiskina pediada – Mixture Blue Brilliant. Berlian Biru Campuran   L,M(3)
• Simiskina sibatika – Berlian Sabah   M(3)
• Simiskina pavonica – Berlian Sumatra   M(3)
• Simiskina philura elioti – Berlian Semenanjung   M(3)
• Deramas livens livens – Common Bluejohn. Biruflorit   L,K,M(3)   Deramas: Biruflorit Group
• Deramas alixae – Biruflorit Selangor   M(3)
• Deramas nelvis nelvis – Biruflorit Jarang   M(3)
• Deramas nolens pasteuri — Orange-crowned Bluejohn. Biruflorit Mahkota-oren   M(4)
• Deramas jasoda jasoda – Silver-marked Bluejohn. Biruflorit Bertanda-perak   L
• Deramas jasoda bradamante – Silver-marked Bluejohn. Biruflorit Bertanda-perak   M(3)
• Deramas anyx – Biruflorit Bukit-kutu   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Deramas antynax – Biruflorit Sabah   M(3)
• Deramas arshadorum – Biruflorit Kecil   M(3)   (Smallest of the genus: C&P5. Endemic: C&P5)
• Deramas basrii – Biruflorit Terengganu   M(3)   (Found in Terengganu: C&P5. Endemic: C&P5)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Miletinae       Wing colour-themed Groups

• Liphyra brassolis abbreviata—Moth Butterfly. Sayapbelang   M(2,3),S
• Miletus chinensis learchus—Common Brownie. Sayapcoklat   L,K,Kelantan,North Perak   Miletus: Sayapcoklat Group
• Miletus gaesa gaesa – Brown Brownie. Sayapcoklat Perang   L,M(3,4)
• Miletus nymphis fictus – Square-band Brownie. Sayapcoklat Jalur-segiempat   M(3,4)
• Miletus gopara gopara – Round-band Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Jalur-bulat   M(3),T
• Miletus valeus – Sayapcoklat Selangor   M(3,4)
• Miletus biggsii biggsii—Bigg’s Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Semenanjung   L,M(2,3,4),T,S   (or Bigg’s Brownie: ButterflyCircle, Ek-Amnuay. Brownwing: C&P5)
• Miletus symethus petronius – Great Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Besar   L,M(3),S   (Or Blue Brownie: ButterflyCircle. Brownwing: C&P5, Kirton)
• Miletus symethus solitarius – Great Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Besar   T
• Miletus gigantes — Giant Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Gergasi   K,M,(3,4)
• Miletus gallus gallus – Extended Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Lebar    M(3)
• Miletus heracleion heracleion – Sayapcoklat Perak   M(3)
• Allotinus fallax apus – White Darkwing. Sayapgelap Putih   M(3,4)   (Darkwing or Darkie. Darkwing: C&P5, Kirton, ButterflyCircle; Darkie: C&P4, Ek-Amnuay)
• Allotinus albifasciatus – Sayapgelap Toba   M(3,4)
• Allotinus subviolaceus subviolaceus – Blue Darkwing. Sayapgelap Biru   L,M(3),T
• Allotinus fabius arrius – Angled Darkwing. Sayapgelap Sudut   M(3)
• Allotinus sarrastes – Peninsular Darkwing. Sayapgelap Semenanjung   L,K,M(3)
• Allotinus portunus maitus – Sayapgelap Sumatra   M(3,4)
• Allotinus strigatus malayanus – Small Malayan Darkwing. Sayapgelap Malaya    L,M(3),T
• Allotinus borneensis – Sayapgelap Borneo   M(3,4)
• Allotinus substrigosus substrigosus – Lesser Darkwing. Sayapgelap Kecil   M(3,4)   (ButterflyCircle, Kirton, Nl Liew call A. unicolor as Lesser Darkwing. Name here by Ek-Amnuay)
• Allotinus davidis – Short-branded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Tanda-pendek  M(3)
• Allotinus unicolor unicolor—Unicoloured Darkwing. Sayapgelap Sewarna   L,K,M(2,3),T,S   (Note: see A. s. substrigosus above on common name)
• Allotinus horsfieldi permagnus – Common Darkwing. Sayapgelap   L,K,M(2,3),T
• Allotinus apries apries – Sayapgelap Kinabalu   M(3)
• Allotinus leogoron leogoron – Broad-branded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Tanda-lebar   L,M(3),T
• Allotinus corbeti – Rounded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Bulat    M(3)
• Logania malayica malayica – Malayan Mottle. Sayapbelak Malaya   M(3)
• Logania regina sriwa – Rounded Mottle. Sayapbelak Bulat   M(3)
• Logania marmorata damis — Pale Mottle. Sayapbelak Pucat   L,M(3),T,S
• Logania distanti massalia – Entire Mottle. Sayapbelak Sekata  M(3)
• Spalgis epius epius—Apefly. Sayappudar   L,M(2,3),S
• Spalgis epius near subsp nubilus – Apefly. Sayappudar   T   
• Taraka hamada mendesia—Forest Pierrot. Sayaptompok Rimba   M(3,4)   Taraka: Komik-rimba Group
• Taraka mahanetra — Lesser Pierrot.  Sayaptompok Kecil   M(3,4)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Curetinae      Sinarsuria/Sunbeam Subfamily

• Curetis bulis stigmata—Bright Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Terang   L,K,M(3,4)
• Curetis santana malayica —Malayan Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Malaya   M(3,4),T,A,S
• Curetis felderi – White-beaked Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Paruh-putih   M(3,4),A
• Curetis sperthis sperthis – Rounded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Bulat   L,K,M(3,4)
• Curetis sperthis kawazoei – Rounded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Bulat   T
• Curetis insularis – Narrow-banded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Jalur-sempit   L,M(3)   (C. i pseudoinsularis in C&P4)
• Curetis freda – Parallel Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selari   M(3)
• Curetis tagalica jopa – Southern Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selatan   L,M(3),T
• Curetis tagalica labuana – Southern Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selatan   L,T
• Curetis regula —Regular Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Sekata   M(3)
• Curetis saronis sumatrana—Sumatran Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Sumatra   M(1),S

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Lycaeninae    Nilam Subfamily

• Heliophorus epicles tweediei—Purple Sapphire. Nilam Ungu   M(3,4)
• Heliophorus ila malaya—Restricted Purple Sapphire. Nilam Ungu Jarang   M(4)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Polyommatinae    Hitam-dan-putih and Biru Groups

• Castalius rosimon rosimon—Common Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur   L,K,M(2,3),T,?S   Castalius, Tarucus, Discolampa, Caleta: Itamputih-jalur Group
• Tarucus waterstradti vileja – Dark Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Gelap   M(3,4)  
• Discolampa ethion thalimar—Banded Blue Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Biru    L,K,M(2,3)
• Caleta roxus pothus—Straight Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Lurus   L,K,M(3)
• Caleta roxus rhodoides – Straight Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Lurus   T,A
• Caleta roxus pemanggilensis –  Straight Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Lurus   P  
• Caleta elna elvira—Elbowed Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Siku   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Caleta elna epeus – Elbowed Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Siku   T  
• Everes lacturnus rileyi—Indian Cupid. Itamputih-asmara India   K,M(2,3),T,A,S   (Or E. l. lacturnus: Ek-Amnuay.   Everes used by C&P5, Y.Inayoshi, Ek-Amnuay; Cupido by Savela)
• Tongeia potanini glycon—Dark Cupid.  Itamputih-asmara Gelap   L,Perak,Kelantan
• Pithecops corvus corvus—Forest Quaker.  Itamputih-pendamai Rimba   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Pithecops fulgens fulgens – Blue Quaker. Itamputih-pendamai Biru   M(4)
• Lycaenopsis haraldus haraldus – Felder’s Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Raub    L,M(3,4)    Lycaenopsis, Neopithecops, Megisba, Oreolyce, Cebrella, Plautella, Callenya, Acytolepis, Udara, Celastrina, Celatoxia, Monodontides:  Biru-pepagar Group
• Neopithecops zalmora zalmora—Quaker. Biru-pepagar Pendamai    L,K,M(3),T,A,S   (Or Inornate Blue: Kirton; Quaker: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Megisba malaya sikkima—Malayan. Biru-pepagar Malaya    L,K,M(2,3),T,S   (or Malayan Pied Blue: Kirton; Malayan: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Oreolyce archena archena — Biru-pepagar Gunung   M(4)   (>1500m asl)
• Cebrella pellecebra pellecebra – Three-spotted Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Tompok-tiga   M(4)
• Cebrella pellecebra mouitoni – Three-spotted Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Tompok-tiga    M(3)
• Cebrella nigerrima kerionga—Biru-pepagar Pahang   M(3)  
• Plautella cossaea sonchus – Dark Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Gelap   M(3)
• Plautella cossaea parnbui – Dark Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Gelap   Central Range
• Callenya lenya lenya – Long-winged Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Sayap-panjang   M(3)
• Acytolepis puspa lambi—Common Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Acytolepis puspa volumnia – Common Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar   T,A,P
• Udara dilecta dilecta—Himalayan Pale Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pucat Himalaya   M(3,4),T
• Udara rona catius – Biru-pepagar Sumatra   M(4)
• Udara placidula irenae – Narrow-bordered Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Sempadan-sempit   M(3,4)
• Udara cyma cyma – Cyma Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Bentuk-S   L,M(3,4)
• Udara coalita briga – Biru-pepagar Malaya   M(4)
• Udara akasa catullus – White Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Putih   M(4)
• Udara camenae pendleburyi – Biru-pepagar Semenanjung-barat   M(4)
• Udara toxopeusi toxopeusi – Pale Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pucat   M(4)   (Or Udara dilecta dilecta by Ek-Amnuay. See above entry)
• *Udara aristinus klossi – Biru-pepagar Jawa  T   (Species of questionable records)
• Udara selma tanarata – Bicolored Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Dwiwarna   M(3,4)
• Udara albocaerulea scharffi—Albocerulean. Biru-pepagar Menawan   M(4)  (One of the most beautiful Malayan butterflies: C&P5)
• Celastrina lavendularis isabella—Plain Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Dataran  M(3,4)
• Celatoxia marginata splendens – Margined Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pinggiran   M(4)
• Monodontides musina musina – Swinhoe’s Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Kelabu   M(4)   (Grey Hedge Blue: NL Liew)
• Zizina otis lampa—Lesser Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Zizina, Zizeeria, Zizula:  Biru-rumput Group
• Zizeeria karsandra—Dark Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Gelap   L,K,M(2),S
• Zizeeria maha serica—Pale Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Pucat   Raub(M2),S   (Not in C&P4)
• Zizula hylax pygmaea—Tiny Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Kecil   L,K,M(1,2,3)T,A,S   (Or Pygmy Grass Blue: ButterflyCircle; Tiny: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Chilades lajus tavoyanus—Lime Blue. Biru Limau   L,K    Chilades, Euchrysops, Catochrysops, Lampides: Biru Group
• Chilades pandava pandava—Cycad Blue. Biru Bogak  L,M(2,3),T,A,S   (Or Plains Cupid: Ek-Amnuay. Cycad: ButterflyCircle)
• Euchrysops cnejus cnejus—Gram Blue. Biru Kenit   L,K,M(2,3),A,S  
• Catochrysops strabo strabo—Forget-me-not. Biru Bunga India   L,M(2,3),T.S    Catochrysops: Biru Bunga Group
• Catochrysops panormus exiguus—Silver Forget-me-not. Biru Bunga Perak   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Lampides boeticus—Pea Blue. Biru Kacang   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Jamides bochus nabonassar—Dark Caerulean. Biruan Gelap   L.K.M(2,3,4),T,S   (Also spelled as Cerulean. Caerulean by C&P5.)   Jamides: Biruan Group
• Jamides celeno aelianus—Common Caerulean. Biruan   L,K,M(2,3,4).T,A,S
• Jamides pura pura — White Caerulean. Biruan Putih   M(3,4),T
• Jamides zebra lakatti – Zebra Caerulean. Biruan Zebra   M(3)
• Jamides malaccanus malaccanus—Malaccan Caerulean. Biruan Melaka   L,K,M(3),S
• Jamides malaccanus aurensis –  Malaccan Caerulean. Biruan Melaka   T,A
• Jamides yehi – Biruan Tapah   M(3)   (A single specimen described by JN Eliot. No other records. Note 155 Appendix E, C&P5.   Endemic: C&P5)
• Jamides parasaturatus paramalaccanus – Glassy Caerulean,  Biruan Kaca   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Jamides philatus subditus – Burmese Caerulean. Biruan Burma   L,M(2,3),T,A
• Jamides aratus adana – Biruan Tioman   T,A
• Jamides talinga – Lesser Caerulean. Biruan Kecil   L,M(3)
• Jamides caeruleus caeruleus—Royal Caerulean. Biruan Diraja   M(2,3,4),S   (Or Sky Blue: NL Liew. Royal: Ek-Amnuay)
• Jamides elpis pseudelpis—Glistening Caerulean. Biruan Gemerlapan   L,M(3,4),S
• Jamides alecto ageladas—Metallic Caerulean. Biruan Logam   K,M(3,4),S
• Jamides ferrari evansi – Ferrar’s Caerulean. Biruan Malaya   L,K,M(3,4)
• Jamides cunilda nisanca – Dusky Caerulean. Biruan Kelam   L,K,M(3),T,A,P   ( J. virgulatus nisanca in C&P4. It’s endemic to Borneo)
• Jamides abdul abdul – Abdul Caerulean. Biruan Sunda  M(3)    (Distubution: The peninsula, Bangka, Natuna)
• Jamides abdul pemanggilensis – Abdul Caerulean. Biruan Sunda   T,P 
• Jamides cyta minna – Bordered Caerulean. Biruan Bersempadan M(3,4)
• Nacaduba angusta kerriana—White Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Putih   L,K,M(3,4),S    Nacaduba: Biru-baris Group
• Nacaduba pactolus odon—Large Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Besar   M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Nacaduba pendleburyi pendleburyi—Malayan Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Malaya   M(3,4)
• Nacaduba pendleburyi penangensis – Malayan Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Malaya   Penang
• Nacaduba solta – Biru-baris Empat Sumatra   K,M(3,4)    
• Nacaduba hermus swatipa – Pale Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Pucat   L,M(2,3,4)
• Nacaduba subperusia lysa – Violet Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Lembayung  L,M(2,3),T  
• Nacaduba subperusia intricata – Violet Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat  Lembayung   M(4)
• Nacaduba sanaya elioti — Jewel Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Permata   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Nacaduba pavana vajuva – Small Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Kecil   L 
• Nacaduba pavana singapura – Small Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Kecil   S
• Nacaduba russelli — Dark Submarginal Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Gombak   M(3)   (Or Richy Sixline Blue: Thaibutterflies.com. Dark Submarginal: Ek-Amnuay. Holotype: Gombak,  A.Bedford Russell)
• Nacaduba kurava nemana—Transparent Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Lutsinar   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Nacaduba beroe neon – Opaque Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Legap   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Nacaduba berenice icena—Rounded Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Bulat   L,M(2,3),T,A,S
• Nacaduba calauria malayica – Dark Malayan Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Malaya  L,M(3,4),S
• Nacaduba kirtoni – Biru-baris Enam Gunong   M(4)
• Nacaduba biocellata – Double-spotted Line Blue. Biru-baris Dwitompok   M(2),S   (Not in C&P4. An Australian species. Reported Singapore 2004. Also, Selangor)                     
• Ionolyce helicon merguiana—Pointed Line Blue. Biru-garis Tirus   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S   Ionolyce, Prosotas, Catopyrops, Petrelaea:   Biru-garis Group
• Prosotas aluta nanda – Banded Line Blue. Biru-garis Jalur   K,M(3),T,S
• Prosotas nelides – Biru-garis Sumatra   M(4)
• Prosotas bhutea – Bhutea Line Blue. Biru-garis Sikkim   M(3,4)   (Bhutea, Sikkim)
• Prosotas gracilis ni – Dark-based Line Blue. Biru-garis Dasar-gelap   K,M(3)
• Prosotas nora superdates—Common Line Blue. Biru-garis    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Prosotas pia pia – Margined Line Blue. Biru-garis  Pinggiran   M(3,4)
• Prosotas dubiosa lumpura—Tailless Line Blue. Biru-garis Kontot   M(2,3),T,S 
• Prosotas lutea sivoka – Brown Line Blue. Biru-garis  Perang   K,M(3),S
• Catopyrops ancyra aberrans—Felder’s Line Blue. Biru-garis Jarang   M(3),S   (Ancyra Blue: ButterflyCircle, NL Liew. Rare in lowland forest:  C&P5)
• Petrelaea dana – Dingy Line Blue. Biru-garis Comot.   K,M(3),S 
• Una usta usta –Singleton. Itamputih-bintik   M(3,4)   (or Una, both given by Ek-Amnuay)     Una: Itamputih-bintik Group
• Niphanda cymbia cymbia – Small Pointed Pierrot. Itamputih-tompok Kecil   M(3,4)    Niphanda:   Itamputih-tompok Group
• Niphanda tessellata tessellata – Large Pointed Pierrot.  Itamputih-tompok Besar   M(3,4)
• Niphanda asialis – White-banded Pierrot.  Itamputih-tompok Belang-putih   M(1,3)
• Niphanda stubbsi –  Itamputih-tompok Pahang   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)  
• Anthene emolus goberus—Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S    Anthene:  Biru-bulu Group  
• Anthene lycaenina miya—Pointed Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu Tirus   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Anthene licates dusuntua – White Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu Putih   L,M(3)

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Aphnaeinae     Barisperak Subfamily

• Spindasis syama terana—Club Silverline. Barisperak Belantan   K,M(2,3),S  
• Spindasis lohita senama—Long-banded Silverline. Barisperak Jalur-panjang   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Spindasis seliga seliga – Fruhstorfer’s Silverline. Barisperak Gunung  M(4)   (Or Large Long-banded: Ek-Amnuay; Fruhstorfer’s Silverline: Hoskins)
• Spindasis kutu — Barisperak Bukit-kutu   M(3,4)   (TL: Bukit Kutu)

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Theclinae    Hairstreaks: Varied Groups

• Hypochrysops coelisparsus kerri – Orange Greenline. Barishijau Oren   M(3,4)   (Very rare)
• Austrozephyrus absolon malayicus  —  Dewaselatan Pahang   M(4)   (Dewaselatan from Austrozephyrus)
• Arhopala centaurus nakula —Common Oakblue. Biru-pohon   L,K,M(2,3),S   (Or Centaur Oakblue: ButterflyCircle, Kirton; Common Oakblue: Ek-Amnuay)   Arhopala: Biru-pohon Group
• Arhopala centaurus dixoni – Common Oakblue. Biru-pohon   T   (Or Centaur Oakblue: ButterflyCircle, Kirton; Common Oakblue: Ek-Amnuay)
• Arhopala similis – Druce’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Raub   M(3)   ( Gap-Raub road)
• Arhopala agesias – Biru-pohon Borneo M(3,4)
• Arhopala kinabala – Golden Spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-emas   M)3,4)
• Arhopala ijanensis – White-banded Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-putih    L,K,M(3,4)
• Arhopala anthelus grahami – Grand Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hebat   L,K,M(3)   (Ek-Amnuay calls it Magnificent but gives the same name to A. anarte; see below).
• Arhopala achelous achelous – Biru-pohon Singapura   M(3),T   (TL for Amblypodia achelous: Singapore, Hewitson, 1862)
• Arhopala achelous malu – Biru-pohon Singapura   K,Penang,Pangkor
• Arhopala anarte – Magnificent Oakblue. Biru-pohon Megah   K,M(3)   (Same common name as A. anthelus, above, by Ek-Amnuay)
• Arhopala varro selama – Upright-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-tegak   M(3)
• Arhopala dispar pendleburyi – Frosted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Berkabut   M(4)  
• Arhopala camdana camdana – Moon-stone Oakblue. Biru-pohon Batu-permata   M(3)
• Arhopala semperi russelli – Biru-pohon Kinabalu   M(3)
• Arhopala opalina azata – Opal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Baiduri   M(3,4)
• Arhopala hellada ozana – Long-banded Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-panjang   L,M(3)
• Arhopala johoreana johoreana – Biru-pohon Nias   M(3)
• Arhopala belphoebe cowani – White-ringed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bulatan-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala myrzala conjuncta – Malayan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Malaya   L
• Arhopala myrzala lammas – Malayan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Malaya   M(3),S
• Arhopala myrzalina – Biru-pohon Jarang   M(3)   (Rare species: C&P5)
• Arhopala bazaloides bazaloides – Tamil Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tamil   L
• Arhopala hypomuta hypomuta – Violet Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung    L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala aedias meritatas – Large Metallic Oakblue. Biru-pohon Logam   L  
• Arhopala aedias agnis —Large Metallic Oakblue. Biru-pohon Logam   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala epimuta epiala —Tailless Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Kontot   K,M(3),S   (Or Common Disc Oakblue: ButterflyCircle. Tailless: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Arhopala atosia jahara – Tailed Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Ekor   L
• Arhopala atosia malayana —Tailed Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Ekor   K,M(3),S
• Arhopala lurida – Lesser Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Kecil   L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala agesilaus gesa – Corbet Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Langkawi   L,M(3)   TL: Langkawi.
• Arhopala avatha – de Niceville’s Dull Oakblue.  Biru-pohon Pudar Sumatra   M(3)   TL: Sumatra.
• Arhopala allata pandora – Rosy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kemerahan   L,M(3)
• Arhopala delta – Delta Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Delta   M(3)
• Arhopala amphimuta amphimuta – Broad Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Lebar.   M(3),T,S
• Arhopala amphimuta milleriana – Broad Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Lebar   L,Penang
• Arhopala sceva indra – Biru-pohon Pantai-timur   East coast,Selangor
• Arhopala major major – Major Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Melaka   L,M(2,3),S   TL: Malacca.
• Arhopala major parvimaculata – Major Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Melaka   T,A
• Arhopala norda norda–Langkawi Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Langkawi   L
• Arhopala norda ronda – Langkawi Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Langkawi   M(2,3)
• Arhopala moolaiana maya – Pale Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Pucat   L,K
• Arhopala moolaiana yajuna – Pale Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Pucat   K,M(3)
• Arhopala zylda elioti – Rounded Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Bulat   M(3)
• Arhopala stubbsi – Biru-pohon Endau  M(3)  
• Arhopala avathina avathina – Lunulate Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Sabit   M(3)
• Arhopala kurzi – Biru-pohon Melaka   M(3)   TL: Malacca.
• Arhopala muta maranda – Mutal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Mutal   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Arhopala moorei busa – Moore’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bukit   L,M(3)
• Arhopala tropaea – Biru-pohon Johor   M(3)   (Likely endemic: C&P5)
• Arhopala metamuta metamuta – Bicolor Oakblue. Biru-pohon Dwiwarna   M(3,4)
• Arhopala perimuta regina –Yellow-disc Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot   Cakera-kuning   L.K,M(3,4)   (or Yellow-disc Oakblue: Savela; Tailless: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Arhopala antimuta antimuta – Small Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Kecil   L.K.M(3),S  
• Arhopala inornata inornata – Brown Tornal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pinggul-perang   M(3)
• Arhopala democritus democritus —White-dot Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bintik-putih   L,K
• Arhopala democritus lycaenaria – White-dot Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bintik-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala elopura elopura – Yellow-tailed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ekor-kuning   M(3),T
• Arhopala pseudomuta pseudomuta —Raffles’ Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung-biru   M(3),S
• Arhopala pseudomuta ariavana – Raffles’ Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung-biru   L
• Arhopala ariana wilcocksi – Pinkish-washed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-jambu   L
• Arhopala arianaga – Biru-pohon Titiwangsa   M(4)    (>1000m asl Titiwangsa Range: C&P5)
• Arhopala alitaeus mirabella – Purple Broken-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-pecah    L
• Arhopala alitaeus pardenas – Purple Broken-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-pecah   K,M(3),S 
• Arhopala sintanga tani – Biru-pohon Rompin.  M(3)
• Arhopala havilandi kota – Biru-pohon Kota-tinggi   M(3)
• Arhopala aida aida —White-stained Oakblue. Biru-pohon Belak-putih   L,M(3),Pulau Tenggol
• Arhopala aida ophir – White-stained Oakblue. Biru-pohon Gunung-ledang    Gunung Ledang
• Arhopala ace ace – Tytler’s Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Kobalt   M(3)
• Arhopala azinis azinis – Biru-pohon Neomalaya   M(3,4)    (Neomalaya: Sumatra-Malaya-Borneo)
• Arhopala agrata agrata – de Nicéville’s Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Dataran   K,M(3)
• Arhopala aurelia – Grey-washed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kelabu-pudar   L,K
• Arhopala selta selta –  Reddish-brown Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-perang   K   (Not in C&P4)
• Arhopala selta hislopi – Reddish-brown Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-perang   M(3)
• Arhopala phaenops sandakani – Sumatran Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sumatra   M(3)
• Arhopala milleri – Indigo Oakblue. Biru-pohon Nila   L,M(3)
• Arhopala sublustris ridleyi – Bright Oakblue. Biru-pohon Terang   L,K,M(3),S
• Arhopala evansi – Kalimantan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kalimantan   M(3)
• Arhopala phanda phanda – Golden Oakblue. Biru-pohon Emas   M(3)
• Arhopala aroa aroa – Deep-purple Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ungu-gelap   M(3)
• Arhopala aroa esava – Deep-purple Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ungu-gelap.  L,K   (Not in C&P4)
• Arhopala normani – Norman’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sabah   K,M(3)   TL: Sibatik, Sabah.
• Arhopala cleander aphadantas – Large Mergui Oakblue. Biru-pohon Mergui    M(3,4)
• Arhopala athada athada—Vinous Oakblue. Biru-pohon Anggur   L,M(3,4),S,Pulau Tenggol
• Arhopala silhetensis silhetensis – Sylhet oakblue. Biru-pohon Bangladesh   L  (Sylhet, Bangladesh)
• Arhopala silhetensis adorea—Sylhet Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bangladesh   M(3),S  (Sylhet, Bangladesh)
• Arhopala zambra zambra – Zambra Oakblue. Biru-pohon Zambra   L,K,M(3)   (In relation to Alhambra, Spain?)
• Arhopala agaba – Purple-glazed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kilat-ungu   L,K,M(4)   
• Arhopala vihara vihara – Large spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-besar   K,M(3)   
• Arhopala vihara hirava – Large-spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-besar   L
• Arhopala paralea – Glazed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Berkilat   K,M(4) 
• Arhopala buddha cooperi – Buddha Oakblue. Biru-pohon Buddha    L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala arvina adalitas – Purple-brown Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Ungu-perang   M(3,4)  
• Arhopala alaconia media – Patchy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompokan   L,M(3,4)
• Arhopala barami penanga – Wood’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pulau-pinang   K,M(3)
• Arhopala alesia sacharja – Pallid Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pucat   L   (Late entry in C&P5, at the end of the checklist)
• Arhopala agelastus agelastus – Green-edged Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Tepian-hijau   M(3,4)  
• Arhopala agelastus perissa – Green-edged Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Tepian-hijau   L 
• Arhopala labuana – Labuan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Labuan   M(3,4)
•  Arhopala wildeyana wildeyana – White-wavy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Alun-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala wildeyana havea – White-wavy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Alun-putih   L
• Arhopala cardoni – Biru-pohon Perak-pahang   M(3,4)   (Endemic: C&P5)    (Recorded only Perak, Pahang: C&P5)
• Arhopala epimete duessa – Violet Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Lembayung   L
• Arhopala epimete suedas – Violet Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera  Lembayung   M(3)  
• Arhopala bazalus zalinda—Powdered Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bubuk   M(3,4)
• Arhopala overdijkinki unda – Biru-pohon Jawa  M(3,4)
• Arhopala acta – Biru-pohon Garis-pudar   M(3)    (Markings are faint: C&P5)
• Arhopala horsfieldi eurysthenes – Peacock Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merak   L
• Arhopala horsfieldi basiviridis – Peacock Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merak   M(3,4)
• Arhopala eumolphus maxwelli—Common Green Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hijau   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala hellenore siroes – Pointed Green Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hijau Tirus   M(3,4)
• Arhopala corinda corestes – Ultramarine Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ultramarin   L
• Arhopala corinda acestes – Ultramarine Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ultramarin   M(3)
• Arhopala aurea – Long-celled Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sel-panjang   M(3),S  
• Arhopala stinga – Biru-pohon Semenanjung    M(3),S
• Arhopala trogon – Green-suffused Oakblue. Biru-pohon Samar-hijau   M(3,4),S
• Arhopala caeca – Biru-pohon Sarawak   M(3,4)
• Arhopala paraganesa mendava – Dusky Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Kelam   M(4)
• Arhopala ammonides monava – Dark Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Gelap   L   (Subspecies endemic to Langkawi?)
• Arhopala ammonides chunsu – Dark Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Gelap    M(3)  
• Arhopala ammon ammon – Malayan Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Malaya   L,M(3),S   
• Arhopala ariel – Chocolate Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Coklat   M(3)
• Arhopala elizabethae – Biru-pohon Pahang.   K,M(3)  
• Arhopala fulla ignara – Spotless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tiada-tompok   L
• Arhopala fulla intaca – Spotless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tiada-tompok   M(3)
• Arhopala abseus abseus – Aberrant Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kelainan   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala anella – Biru-pohon Perak   M(3,4)     
• Flos diardi capeta—Bifid Plushblue. Biru-mewah Duabelah   L,M(3.4),S   Flos: Biru-mewah Group
• Flos fulgida singhapura – Shining Plushblue. Biru-mewah Bersinar   M(3,4),S
• Flos anniella anniella – Dark Plushblue. Biru-mewah Gelap.  M(3,4),S  
• Flos anniella artegal – Dark Plushblue. Biru-mewah Gelap   L
• Flos apidanus ahamus – Plain Plushblue. Biru-mewah Dataran   L
• Flos apidanus saturatus—Plain Plushblue. Biru-mewah Dataran   K,M(3),S
• Flos areste – Tailless Plushblue. Biru-mewah Kontot   M(4) 
• Flos morphina morphina – Rounded Plushblue. Biru-mewah Bulat   M(3,4)
• Mahathala ariadeva ariadeva – Malayan Falcate Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sabit   M(2,3)   Mahathala: Biru-pohon Group (again)
• Semanga superba deliciosa – Red-edge. Biru-ungu   L,M(3,4),T,S
• Surendra vivarna amisena—Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S   (or Burmese Acacia Blue: Kirton. Acacia Blue: ButterflyCircle)   Surendra, Zinaspa:  Biru-akasia Group 
• Surendra florimel – Steely Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia Keluli   M(3,4)
• Zinaspa todara – Silverstreak Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia Coretperak   M(3,4)   (Zinaspa t. karennia in C&P4)
• Neomyrina nivea hiemalis – White Imperial. Ekorpanjang Putih   L    Neomyrina: Ekorpanjang Group
• Neomyrina nivea periculosa – White Imperial. Ekorpanjang Putih   M(3,4)
• Iraota timoleon wickii—Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak   M(3,4)   Iraota: Biru-coretperak Group
• Iraota rochana boswelliana—Scarce Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak Jarang    L,M(2,3,4),S   
• Iraota distanti distanti – Distant’s Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak Semenanjung.   M(3,4),S   TL: Malaya.
• Amblypodia narada taooana – Blue Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Biru   L,K,M(3,4)  Amblypodia:   Biru-daun Group
• Amblypodia anita anita—Purple Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Ungu   L,K,Kelantan  
• Amblypodia anita parva – Purple Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Ungu   East coast  
• Catapaecilma elegans zephyria – Lesser Tinsel. Kilau Kecil   L,K,M(3)   (or Common Tinsel: Ek-Amnuay; Lesser: Kirton)   Catapaecilma, Acupicta: Kilau  Group
• Catapaecilma evansi evansi –Yellow Tinsel. Kilau Kuning   M(3,4)
• Catapaecilma major emas — Greater Tinsel. Kilau Besar   M(2,3),S   (or Gray Tinsel: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle; Greater: Kirton)
• Catapaecilma lila – Kilau Kluang M(3)   (Endemic : C&P5.   TL: Kluang, Johore)
• Acupicta bubases – Kilau Semenanjung   M(3,4)   (only 3 records, first by Wallace in Malaya: C&P5)
• Acupicta flemingi – Kilau Ekor-empat   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5) 
• Drina donina usira – Brown Yam. Keladi Perang   L,K,M(3)
• Drina cowani – Keladi Semenanjung.   M(3)   (PM and Borneo only: C&P5. TL: PM)
• Drina maneia – Blue Yam. Keladi Biru   M(3)
• Loxura atymnus fuconius—Yamfly. Kupukeladi   L,K,M(2,3),S   Loxura, Yasoda: Kupukeladi Group  
• Loxura cassiopeia cassiopeia—Malayan Yamfly. Kupukeladi Malaya   M(3)
• Yasoda pita dohertyi – Branded Yamfly. Kupukeladi Bertanda    L,K,M(3,4)
• Yasoda pitane laruta – Kupukeladi Larut   M(4)
• Eooxylides tharis distanti—Branded Imperial. Ekorpanjang Bertanda   M(3,4),T,S   Eooxylides. Thamala, Cheritra, Ticherra, Ritra: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Thamala marciana marciana – Cardinal. Ekorpanjang Utama   K,M(3),T
• Thamala marciana sarupa – Cardinal. Ekorpanjang Utama   L
• Cheritra freja freja—Common Imperial. Ekorpanjang   L
• Cheritra freja frigga—Common Imperial. Ekorpanjang    M(3),T,A,P,S
• Ticherra acte liviana – Blue Imperial. Ekorpanjang Biru   K,M(3)
• Ritra aurea volumnia – Orange Imperial. Ekorpanjang Oren   M(3)
• Drupadia ravindra moorei—Common Posy. Jambak   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Drupadia ravindra caerulea – Common Posy. Jambak   T
• Drupadia rufotaenia rufotaenia—Lesser Posy. Jambak Kecil   L,K,M(3),T,S   (or Pygmy Posy: ButterflyCircle; Lesser: Ek-Amnuay)
• Drupadia theda renonga – Dark Posy. Jambak Gelap   L
• Drupadia theda thesmia—Dark Posy. Jambak Gelap   K,M(3,4),T.S
• Drupadia niasica biranta – Intermediate Posy. Jambak Tengahan   L
• Drupadia niasica perlisa – Intermediate Posy. Jambak Tengahan   K,M(3),T   (Very rare)
• Drupadia estella semperna – White-craved Posy. Jambak Bukit-fraser   L,M(4)    (TL: Fraser’s Hill)
• Drupadia scaeva scaeva – Blue Posy. Jambak Biru   K,M(3,4),T
• Drupadia scaeva near subsp melisa – Blue Posy. Jambak Biru.   L
• Drupadia cinesoides – Circular-branded Posy. Jambak Tanda-bulatan.   M(3)   
• Drupadia johorensis – Johor Posy. Jambak Johor   M(3)
• Horaga albimacula albistigmata—Violet Onyx. Marmar Lembayung   M(2,3,4) 
• Horaga chalcedonyx malaya – Marmar Singapura   S   (Likely, extinct)
• Horaga amethystus purpurescens – Purple Onyx. Marmar Ungu   M(3,4)
• Horaga onyx sardonyx—Common Onyx. Marmar   M(2,3)
• Horaga syrinx maenala—Ambon Onyx. Marmar Ambon   L,M(2,3,4),S   (or Yellow Onyx: Kirton. Ambon: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Horaga araotina – Marmar Pulau-angsa   M(3),Pulau Angsa   (C&P5, pg 266: Rarest Malayan species. Also, species endemic to PM: C&P5 pg 386)
• Dacalana vidura azyada – Double Tufted Royal. Diraja Rumbai Dua.   M(3)   Dacalana, Pratapa, Creon, Tajuria, Bullis, Britomartis: Diraja Group  
• Dacalana burmana — Burmese Tufted Royal. Diraja Rumbai Burma   L,K 
• Dacalana sinhara sinhara – Long-branded Royal. Diraja Tanda-panjang   M(3,4)
• Dacalana cremera ricardi – Orange-stripe Royal. Diraja Belang-oren   M(3,4)
• Pratapa deva relata – White Royal. Diraja Putih   M(2,3,4),S
• Pratapa icetas sakaia – Dark Blue Royal. Diraja Biru Gelap   M(4)
• Pratapa icetoides calculis – Blue Royal. Diraja Biru   M(2,3,4)
• Creon cleobis queda—Broadtail Royal. Diraja Ekorlebar   M(4)
• Tajuria yajna selangorana – Chestnut and Black Royal. Diraja Berangan-Hitam   M(3,4)
• Tajuria megistia thria – Orange and Black Royal. Diraja Oren-Hitam   M(3)
• Tajuria maculata—Spotted Royal. Diraja Tompok   M(4)
• Tajuria luculenta taorana – Chinese Royal. Diraja Cina   M(4)
• Tajuria cippus maxentius—Peacock Royal. Diraja Merak   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Tajuria mantra mantra—Felder’s Royal. Diraja Semenanjung   M(2,3),T,S
• Tajuria deudorix ingeni – Flash Royal. Diraja Kilat   L,M(3)
• Tajuria ister tussis – Uncertain Royal. Diraja Takkeruan   M(3,4)
• Tajuria albiplaga alixae – Pallid Royal. Diraja Pucat   M(4)
• Tajuria inexpectata – Diraja Sumatra   M(3)   (Very rare)
• Tajuria sunia — Rounded Royal. Diraja Bulat   M(3)
• Tajuria berenis larutensis – Larut’s Royal. Diraja Larut   M(4)
• Tajuria isaeus verna – Bornean Royal. Diraja Borneo  M(3)
• Tajuria dominus dominus – Influent Royal. Diraja Aliran   M(2,3,4),S
• Tajuria diaeus – Straight-line Royal. Diraja Tapah   M(3)   (New to checklist. K.Saito 1994, near Tapah, Perak)
• Bullis buto cowani – Baby Royal. Diraja Bayi   M(2,3)
• Bullis elioti elioti — Diraja Pahang   M(2,4)
• Bullis stigmata — Small Branded Royal. Diraja Tanda-kecil   M(4)
• Britomartis cleoboides viga – Azure Royal. Diraja Biru-langit   L,K,M(3,4)
• Purlisa gigantea gigantea – Giant Imperial. Ekorpanjang Gergasi   L,M(3,4)   Purlisa: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Rachana jalindra burbona—Banded Royal. Diraja Jalur   L,M(3,4),S   (Genus Eliotia in C&P4)   Rachana: Diraja Group, whose other members are above Purlisa
• Jacoona anasuja anasuja—Great Imperial. Ekorpanjang Besar.   M(2,3,4),S   Jacoona, Neocheritra, Thrix, Mantoides, Manto, Charana, Suasa: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Neocheritra amrita amrita—Grand Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hebat   M(2,3,4),S   
• Neocheritra fabronia lina – Pale Grand Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hebat Gunung   M(4)
• Thrix scopula nisibis – Ekorpanjang Kuala-lumpur   M(3,4)   (TL: Kuala Lumpur. Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Mantoides gama gama – Distant’s Imperial. Ekorpanjang Pulau-pinang   M(3,4)   (TL: Penang)
• Manto hypoleuca terana—Green Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hijau   M(3,4),S
• Charana mandarina splendida –Mandarin Blue. Ekorpanjang Mandarin   M(3,4)   
• Suasa lisides suessa – Red Imperial. Ekorpanjang Merah   K,M(3,4)
• Pseudotajuria donatana donatana—Golden Royal. Diraja Emas   M(3,4),S   Pseudotajuria, Ancema, Remelana: Diraja Group (again)
• Ancema ctesia ctesia—Bi-spot Royal. Diraja Dua-tompok   M(4)  
• Ancema blanka blanka—Silver Royal. Diraja Perak   M(3,4),S  
• Remelana jangala travana—Chocolate Royal. Diraja Coklat    M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hypolycaena thecloides thecloides – Brown Tit. Ciak Perang   M(2,3),T,S   (Or Dark Tit: Butterflycircle. Brown: Ek-Amnuay)   Hypolycaena, Zeltus, Chliaria: Ciak Group
• Hypolycaena amabilis lisba – Violet Tit. Ciak Lembayung   M(3,4)
• Hypolycaena phemius – Ciak Kinabalu   M(3,4)   (New to checklist)
• Hypolycaena merguia skapane – Purple Tit. Ciak Ungu   M(3)
• Hypolycaena erylus teatus—Common Tit. Ciak   L,M(1,2,3),T,A,S
• Zeltus amasa maximinianus—Fluffy Tit. Ciak Gebu   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Chliaria kina celastroides – Blue Tit. Ciak Biru   M(4)   (Chliaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka.   Subspecies endemic to PM?)
•  Chliaria othona semanga – Orchid Tit. Ciak Anggerik   M(3,4),T   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
•  Chliaria pahanga — Ciak Pahang   M(4)   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
•  Chliaria balua gabrieli – Red Tit.  Ciak Merah   M(3,4)   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
• Deudorix elioti — Eliot’s Cornelian. Permata Singapura   M(3),T,S
• Deudorix epijarbas epijarbas f. diara – Cornelian. Permata   M(2)   (Discovered in PM by NL Liew regarding it as D. diara but regarded by C&P5 and Y. Inayoshi as form diara rather than a new species.
• Deudorix epijarbas cinnabarus—Cornelian. Permata   L,K,M(3,4),T,S
• Deudorix sumatrensis—Permata Sumatra   M(3,4)   (Savela: D. s. stubbsi for PM )
• Deudorix staudingeri – Large Cornelian. Permata Besar   M(3,4),S
• Deudorix hypargyria hypargyria – Scarce Cornelian. Permata Jarang    M(3,4)
• Artipe eryx excellens — Green Flash. Sekilat Hijau   M(3,4)   Artipe: Sekilat Group
• Artipe anna – Sekilat Semenanjung   M(4)   (Only one record, in PM: C&P5)
• Virachola smilis smilis – Scarce Guava Blue. Biru-jambu Jarang   M(3,4)   (Virachola: C&P5, Y.Inayoshi; Deudorix: Savela)   Virachola: Biru-jambu Group
• Virachola subguttata malaya – Spotted Guava Blue. Biru-jambu Tompok   M(4)   
• Virachola kessuma deliochus—Pitcher Blue. Biru-jambu Kendi   L,M(3),S
• Sinthusa malika amata – Spotted Spark. Percikan Tompok   L,M(3,4)
• Sinthusa nasaka amba—Narrow Spark. Percikan Sempit   L,M(3,4),S  
• Bindahara phocides phocides—Plane. Pesawat   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Rapala domitia domitia—Yellow Flash. Sekilat Kuning   M(3,4),S   Rapala: Sekilat Group (again)
• Rapala domitia flemingi – Yellow Flash. Sekilat Kuning   L
• Rapala duma duma – Abnormal Flash. Sekilat Ganjil    M(3,4)   (duma in C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi; abnormis in C&P4, Savela)
• Rapala pheretima sequeira—Copper Flash. Sekilat Tembaga   L,K,M(2,3,4),S 
• Rapala pheretima tiomana – Copper Flash. Sekilat Tembaga   T
• Rapala suffusa barthema—Suffused Flash. Sekilat Samar   L,M(3),S   (barthema=suffusa to Y.Inayoshi)
• Rapala damona – Malayan Red Flash. Sekilat Merah Malaya   L,M(3),S
• Rapala dieneces dieneces – Scarlet Flash. Sekilat Kirmizi   L,M(3),S    
• Rapala cowani – Sekilat Johor   SE Johore
• Rapala hades – Myanmar Flash. Sekilat Myanmar   M(2,3),East coast
• Rapala iarbus iarbus—Common Red Flash. Sekilat Merah   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Rapala rhodopis – Single-line Red Flash. Sekilat Merah Sebaris   M(3,4)
• Rapala manea chozeba—Slate Flash. Sekilat Kelabu    L,M(2,3,4),S
• Rapala scintilla scintilla – Scarce Shot Flash. Sekilat Das Jarang   L,M(2,3,4)  
• Rapala varuna orseis—Indigo Flash. Sekilat Nila   L,M(2,3,4),T,S  
• Rapala rhoecus rhoecus – Brilliant Flash. Sekilat Benderang    L,K,M(3),T
• Rapala nissa pahangana – Common Flash. Sekilat   M(4)   (Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Araotes lapithis uruwela—Witch. Menawan   L,K,M(3)   (Or Chequered Flame: Kirton. Witch: Ek-Amnuay)
• Sithon nedymond nedymond—Plush. Mewah   M(2,3)  
• Sithon nedymond ismarus – Plush. Mewah   L

Family: Hesperiidae  

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Coeliadinae   Penusuk/Awl Subfamily

• Burara oedipodea oedipodea—Branded Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-bertanda    M(2,3,4)   (Burara: C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Kirton, ButterflyCircle, Y.Inayoshi;  Bibasis: C&P4, Savela)
• Burara jaina velva – Orange-striped Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Belang-oren.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara tuckeri – White-banded Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Jalur-putih.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara anadi owstoni – Plain Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-Bukit-fraser.  M(3,4)   (Or Bibasis owstoni. Bibasis, Burara. See above note)  
• Burara etelka etelka—Great Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-besar   M(2,3,4),S   (Or  Bibasis etelka. Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara harisa consobrina—Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren.  M(2,3,4),S   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara gomata lalita—Pale Green Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Hijau-pucat.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Bibasis sena uniformis—Orange-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-oren   K,M(3,4),S   Bibasis, Hasora, Badamia: Penusuk Group
• Hasora mus pahanga – Penusuk Pahang   M(4)   (Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Hasora lizetta – Penusuk Bukit  M(3,4)  (Hill tops: C&P5. Hill insect: NL Liew)
• Hasora salanga – Black-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-hitam   M(3,4)   (Or Green Awl: Wikipedia. Black-tailed: Ek-Amnuay)
• Hasora myra funebris – Pale-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-pucat   M(4)
• Hasora zoma – Dark Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Gelap   M(3,4),A
• Hasora chromus chromus—Common Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Perang   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hasora taminatus malayana—White Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Putih   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hasora schoenherr chuza—Yellow Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Kuning   M(3,4),S  
• Hasora mixta prabha – Lesser Awl. Penusuk Kecil   M(3)
• Hasora badra badra —Common Awl. Penusuk   L,M(2,3,4),A,S   (See also H. quadripunctata gnaeus below for comparison)
• Hasora quadripunctata gnaeus — Four-spotted Awl. Penusuk Tompok-empat   K,M(3,4)   (See also H. badra badra above for comparison)
• Hasora vitta vitta—Plain Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Labuan   L,M(3,4),S
• Hasora khoda minsona – Large Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Besar   M(4)
• Hasora leucospila leucospila—Violet Awl, Penusuk Lembayung   M(3,4),Perak,East coast   (H. mavis, Perak Banded Awl, in C&P4, turns out to be the female H. l. leucospila, and thus dropped from the checklist. See C&P5 pg 403, note 192)
• Hasora wilcocksi– Penusuk Tioman   T   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Badamia exclamationis—Brown Awl. Penusuk Perang   M(2,3,4),A,S
• Choaspes stigmatus caudatus – Yellow-tailed Awlking. Penusuk Raja Ekor-kuning   M(3)   (stigmatus: C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi;  plateni: C&P4, Savela)
• Choaspes subcaudatus crawfurdi – Lobed Awlking.  Penusuk Raja Lekuk   M(3)
• Choaspes benjaminii flavens—Indian Awlking. Penusuk Raja India   M(3,4)
• *Choaspes hemixanthus furcatus—Hooked Awlking.  Penusuk Raja Cangkuk.  (Species of questionable records)

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Pyrginae    Datar/Flat Subfamily  

• Capila phanaeus ferrea — Fulvous Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Merahpucat.  L,M(3)   (Ek-Amnuay lists it as Capita phanaeus. Capila in C&P5, Y.Inayoshi, Savela)  
• Capila pieridoides sofa – White Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Putih   M(4)    
• Capila hainana—Hainan Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Hainan   M(4)   (Subspecies not determined)
• Celaenorrhinus pyrrha — Double Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Tompok-dua.   M(4)   Celaenorrhinus: Datar Tropik
• Celaenorrhinus pahangensis – Datar Tropik Pahang   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Celaenorrhinus leucocera—Common Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Tompok   L   
• Celaenorrhinus putra sanda — Bengal Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Bengal   M(3,4)
• Celaenorrhinus nigricans nigricans – Small-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-kecil   M(4)
• Celaenorrhinus asmara asmara – White-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-putih   L,K,M(3),S
• Celaenorrhinus inaequalis irene – Unequal-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-taksekata   M(4)
• Celaenorrhinus aurivittatus cameroni—Dark Yellow-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-kuning    L,K,M(3,4),T,A
• Celaenorrhinus ficulnea queda – Velvet Flat. Datar Tropik Baldu   M(3),T
• Celaenorrhinus ladana – Orange-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-oren   M(3)
• Tapena thwaitesi bornea—Dark Flat. Datar Gelap   L,M(3),S   (Or Black Angle: Wikipedia. Obtuse-winged Angle: Ek-Amnuay. Dark Flat: ButterflyCircle)  
• Darpa striata striata– Striated Angle. Datar Sudut Jalur   K,M(3,4)
• Darpa pteria dealbata – Snowy Angle. Datar Sudut Salji   M(4),T
• Odina hieroglyphica ortina—Hieroglyphic Flat. Datar Indah   M(3),S   (Or Polygon Flat: Kirton)
• Sarangesa dasahara dasahara – Common Small Flat. Datar Kecil   L,K
• Pseudocoladenia dan dhyana—Fulvous Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki Merahpucat   M(2,3),S  
• Coladenia agni sundae – Brown Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki  Perang    M(3)   (C. agni in C&P4)
• Coladenia agnioides – Scarce Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki  Jarang    L,M(4)
• Coladenia laxmi sobrina – Grey Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki Kelabu   M(3,4),T    
• Coladenia palawana – Datar Bulukaki  Palawan   M(3,4)
• Satarupa gopala malaya – Large White Flat. Datar Putih Besar   K,M(4)
• Seseria affinis kirmana – Malayan White Flat. Datar Putih Malaya   M(3)
• Pintara pinwilli pinwilli – Orange Flat. Datar Oren   M(2,3)
• Chamunda chamunda – Crescent Spotted Flat. Datar Tompok Sabit   M(3)
• Gerosis limax dirae—Black and White Flat. Datar Putih Hitam   M(3)    Gerosis: Datar Putih
• Gerosis sinica minima – Extensive White Flat. Datar Putih Meluas   M(3)
• Gerosis phisara phisara—Variable White Flat. Datar Putih Berubah   K,M(4),T  
• Gerosis tristis – Datar Putih Genting-sempah   M(3),T,S
• Mooreana trichoneura trichoneura – Yellow Flat. Datar Kuning.   K,M(3),S
• Tagiades japetus atticus—Common Snow Flat. Datar Salji Siam.   L,K,M(2,3),A,S
• Tagiades gana gana—Large Snow Flat. Datar Salji Besar   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Tagiades parra naxos – Straight Snow Flat. Datar Salji Lurus   M(3,4)   (or Great Snow Flat: NL Liew. Straight, Ek-Amnuay)
• Tagiades lavatus – Plain Snow Flat. Datar Salji Kecil   M(3,4) 
• Tagiades toba toba – Different Spotted Snow Flat. Datar Salji Toba   K,M(3)
• Tagiades litigiosus litigiosus — Water Snow Flat. Datar Salji Utara   L,K (litigiosa by Savela)
• Tagiades ultra – Ultra Snow Flat. Datar Salji Ultra   L,M(3),S
• Tagiades calligana – Malayan Snow Flat. Datar Salji Malaya   M(3),S
• Tagiades waterstradti talanga – Datar Salji Sumatra   M(4)
• Tagiades cohaerens cinda – White-striped Snow Flat. Datar Salji Belang-putih   M(4)   (or Evans’ Snow Flat: Ek-Amnuay. White-striped: iNaturalist, IfoundButterfly, Flickr. Note: Info and photos in Yutaka are for T. c. cynthia. Not much information for T. c. cinda)
• Tagiades menaka manis—Dark Edged Snow Flat. Datar Salji Bukit   M(4)   (In forested hills: C&P5)
• Odontoptilum angulatum angulatum—Chestnut Angle. Datar Sudut Berangan    L,K,M(3),S  
• Odontoptilum pygela pygela—Banded Angle. Datar Sudut Jalur   M(3)

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Hesperiinae    Skipper: Speed-themed Groups

• Aeromachus jhora creta – Grey Scrub Hopper. Lompat Semak Kelabu   M(4)   Aeromachus, Ampittia: Lompat Group
• Aeromachus pygmaeus – Pygmy Scrub Hopper. Lompat Semak Kenit   L,K
• Ampittia dioscorides camertes—Bush Hopper. Lompat Belukar   K,M(2,3),S
• Sebastonyma pudens – Tufted Ace. Jaguh Tapah   M(3)   (New, not in C&P4. Discovered near Tapah, 2018)   Sebastonyma, Halpe, Pithauria: Jaguh Group
• Halpe insignis – White-fringed Ace. Jaguh Tepian-putih   M(2,3,4)
• Halpe sikkima – Sikkim Ace. Jaguh Sikkim   M(3)   (Sikkim, India)
• Halpe zema zamba – Banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur   M(3)
• Halpe elana – Narrow-banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur-sempit   M(3,4)
• Halpe zinda zodia – Jaguh Jalur Perlis  K,M(3)   
• Halpe ormenes vilasina—Dark Banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur Gelap   M(3),S
• Halpe porus—Moore’s Ace. Jaguh Buluh   L,K,M(2)   (Feeds on bamboo)
• Halpe hauxwelli – Pale-marked Ace. Jaguh Langkawi   L
• Halpe flava – Couple Yellow Ace. Jaguh Burma   M(3)
• Halpe aurifera – Golden-spot Ace. Jaguh Tompok-emas   M(3)
• Halpe toxopea – Palawan Ace. Jaguh Palawan   L,K,M(3)
• *Halpe kusala – Hill Ace. Jaguh Bukit   (Species of questionable records)
• Halpe veluvana brevicornis – Amber Ace. Jaguh Ambar   L,M(3,4)
• Halpe wantona – Swinhoe’s Ace. Jaguh Assam   M(3)  
• Halpe pelethronix pelethronix – Peninsular Ace. Jaguh Semenanjung   M(3,4)
• Halpe arcuata – Overlapped Ace. Jaguh Bukit-karen   M(4)    (TL: Karen Hills, Burma)
• Halpe clara – Intermediate Ace. Jaguh Tengahan   M(4)
• *Halpe hieron – Jaguh Jarang   (Species of questionable records)
• Pithauria stramineipennis stramineipennis – Light Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Assam   K,M(3)   
• Pithauria marsena – Branded Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Bertanda   K,M(3)
• *Pithauria murdava – Dark Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Gelap   S   (Species of questionable records)
• Astictopterus jama jama—Forest Hopper. Lompat Rimba   L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S   Astictopterus: Lompat Group (again)
• Iambrix salsala salsala—Chestnut Bob. Cepat Berangan Bengal    L,K,M(2,3),T,S   Iambrix, Idmon, Koruthaialos, Psolos, Stimula: Cepat Group
• Iambrix stellifer—Malay Chestnut Bob. Cepat Berangan Melayu    L,K,M(2,3),T,S    (or Starry Bob. Malay Chestnut Bob, original name by Evans and van Gasse. Used by Ek-Amnuay and ButterflyCircle, who initially used Starry Bob but then recommends the original)
• Idmon distanti — Spotless Bob. Cepat Tak-bertompok   L,K,M(2,3) 
• Idmon obliquans obliquans — Small Red Bob. Cepat Merah    M(3)  
• Koruthaialos rubecula rubecula—Narrow-banded Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Jalur-sempit   L,K,M(3)
• Koruthaialos sindu sindu – Bright Red Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Borneo   M(3,4)
• Koruthaialos frena – Cepat Baldu Bukit   M(4)   (Not in C&P4. Erected by Eliot, 2006. >750m asl)
• *Koruthaialos butleri – Dark Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Gelap   (Species of questionable records)
• Psolos fuligo fuligo—Brown Bob. Cepat Perang   L,K,M(2,3),T   (Or Dusky Partwing or Pale Spotted Coon: Ek-Amnuay. Brown Bob: Kirton)
• Stimula swinhoei near subsp disca — Rich Brown Bob. Cepat Perang-terang   M(3)   (RB Coon in Ek-Amnuay but Coon is derogatory. Partwing from Wikipedia, see above entry) 
• Ancistroides nigrita maura—Chocolate Demon. Deras Coklat   L.K,M(3),T,S   Ancistroides, Notocrypta, Udaspes: Deras Group
• Ancistroides armatus armatus – Red Demon. Deras Merah   M(3,4)
• Ancistroides gemmifer gemmifer – Gem Red Demon. Deras Merah Melaka   M(3,4),T
• Notocrypta paralysos asawa – Banded Demon. Deras Jalur   L,K
• Notocrypta paralysos varians—Banded Demon. Deras Jalur   M(2,3),T,A,S
• Notocrypta quadrata — Deras Jarang   M(3,4) 
• Notocrypta pria – Dwarf Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Kerdil   K,M(3)
• Notocrypta clavata clavata – Clavate Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Belantan   M(3,4)
• Notocrypta clavate theba — Clavate Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Belantan   L,K  
• Notocrypta curvifascia corinda –  Restricted Demon. Deras Sumatra   K,M(3,4)  
• Notocrypta feisthamelii alysos—Spotted Demon. Deras Tompok   L,M(3,4)
• Udaspes folus—Grass Demon. Deras Kunyit   L,K,M(2,3),S   (Larva feeds on turmeric plant)
• Arnetta verones – Sumatran Bob. Cepat Sumatra   K,M(3)   Arnetta, Suada, Scobura, Suastus: Cepat Group (again)
• Suada swerga suava – Grass Bob. Cepat Rumput   M(3,4)  
• Scobura phiditia — Malay Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Melayu   M(3,4)
• Scobura isota — Swinhoe’s Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Duatompok   M(3,4) 
• Scobura woolletti — Brown Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Perang   M(3,4)
• Scobura cephala — Indian Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Tapah   M(2)   (New to checklist. Discovered Tapah Hills and Cameron Highlands: Chiba & Tsukiyama 2010)
• Suastus gremius gremius—Palm Bob. Cepat Palma   K,M(2),T,S
• Suastus minutus aditia — Small Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Kecil   L,Upper Perak,T
• Suastus minutus flemingi—Small Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Kecil   M(3)   (Subspecies endemic to Malaysia?)
• Suastus everyx everyx — White Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Putih   M(3,4)
• Cupitha purreea—Waxy Dart. Terkam Kuning   L,M(3),T   Cupitha: Terkam Group
• Zographetus satwa—Purple and Gold Flitter. Lekas Ungu-Emas   L,K,M((3)    Zographetus, Oerane, Hyarotis, Quedara, Isma:  Lekas Group
• Zographetus rama—Small Flitter. Lekas Kecil   L,M(3,4)
• Zographetus ogygia ogygia – Rusty Flitter. Lekas Karat   L,M(2,3),T,S
• Zographetus ogygioides — Red Flitter. Lekas Merah   M(3,4)
• Zographetus doxus– Prominent Spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok Nyata   M(2,3),S
• Zographetus kutu — Faint Spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok Malap   M(4)
• Oerane microthyrus neaera – White Club Flitter. Lekas Belantan-putih   M(3,4)
• Hyarotis adrastus praba—Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon   L,M(3),T,S
• Hyarotis stubbsi — Lekas Pohon Bukit-fraser   M(3,4)
• Hyarotis microsticta microsticta — Brush Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon Berus   L,M(3),S
• Hyarotis iadera — Dark Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon Gelap   M(3)
• Quedara monteithi monteithi — Dubious Flitter. Lekas Jarang   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Quedara singularis – Lekas Jawa   M(3,4)   TL: Java.
• Isma iapis iapis — Ciliate Long-horned Flitter. Lekas Tanduk-panjang Johor   L,K,M(3,4),T    Isma: Lekas Group
• Isma protoclea obscura — Bicolor Long-horned Flitter. Lekas Tanduk-panjang Dwiwarna   M(3,4),T   (Or Purple Tufted Lancer: Kirton. Bicolor: Ek-Amnuay)
• Isma cronus – Lekas Gunung   M(4)  
• Isma feralia lenya — Common Narrow-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-sempit   M(3) 
• Isma flemingi – Lekas Gap   M(3)  (Gap, area below Fraser’s Hill. Endemic: C&P5 )
• Isma hislopi — Narrow-banded Flitter. Lekas Jalur-sempit   M(3)
• Isma miosticta – Small Narrow-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-sempit Kecil   L,K,M(3)
• Isma umbrosa umbrosa — Large Long-banded Flitter. Lekas Jalur-panjang Besar   L,M(3,4)
• Isma guttulifera kuala — Large Non-branded Flitter. Lekas Tiada-tanda   M(3)
• Isma damocles — Bright Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Terang   M(3)
• Isma bononoides — Malayan Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Malaya   M(3)
• Isma bononia bononia – Lesser Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Kecil   M(3)
• Isma bononia idyalis —  Lesser Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Kecil   L   (New to C&P5. Erected by Eliot & Kirton 2000)
• Xanthoneura corissa indrasana — Plain Yellow Lancer. Terpa Kuning Dataran    M(3,4)   Xanthoneura, Plastingia: Terpa Group
• Plastingia naga—Silver-spotted Lancer. Terpa Tompok-perak   M(2,3),S   (or Chequered Lancer: ButterflyCircle; Silver-spotted: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Plastingia pellonia — Yellow Lancer. Terpa Kuning   M(2,3),S   (or Yellow Chequered Lancer: ButterflyCircle; Yellow Lancer: Ek-Amnuay)
• Salanoemia tavoyana — Yellow-streak Darter. Terjah Coret-kuning   L,K,S  (Odd distribution)
• Salanoemia similis — Similar-streak Darter. Terjah Coret-sama   M(3)   Salanoemia: Terjah Group
• Salanoemia sala – Multi-spotted Darter. Terjah Tompok   M(3),T  (Or Maculate Lancer: NL Liew. Multi-spotted. Ek-Amnuay)
• Salanoemia fuscicornis — Purplish-grey Darter. Terjah Ungu-kelabu   L
• Salanoemia shigeru – Terjah Johor   M(2)   (New to checklist. Erected by Phon, Kirton & Goh 2011)
• Pemara pugnans—Pugnacious Lancer. Terpa Ganas   K,M(3,4),S  Pemara, Pyroneura, Pseudokerana: Terpa Group (again)
• Pyroneura helena —Terpa Sarawak M(3)   (A. Guidici calls this the Yellow-based Lancer, a name given by Ek-Amnuay to P. natuna, below)
• Pyroneura natuna — Yellow-based Lancer. Terpa Dasar-kuning   L,M(3)
• Pyroneura flavia fruhstorferi — Lesser Lancer. Terpa Kecil   L,M(3)
• Pyroneura latoia latoia — Yellow Vein Lancer. Terpa Urat-kuning   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Pyroneura klanga — Brown-veined Lancer. Terpa Urat-perang   M(3)
• Pyroneura derna — Spot-pointed Lancer. Terpa Tompok-tirus   M(3),T
• Pyroneura niasana burmana — Burmese Lancer. Terpa Burma   L,K,M(3,4)   (Or Red Vein Lancer: NL Liew. Burmese, Ek-Amnuay)
• Pyroneura agnesia — Terpa Lumut   M(3)   TL: Lumut.
• Pyroneura perakana perakana — Great Red-vein Lancer. Terpa Urat-merah   M(3)  
• Pyroneura aurantiaca montivaga — Terpa Semenanjung   M(4)   (Little information)
• Pseudokerana fulgur — Orange Banded Lancer. Terpa Jalur-oren   M(3,4)
• Lotongus calathus calathus — White-tipped Palmer. Kencang Ujung-Putih   L,K,M(3),T   Lotongus, Zela: Kencang Group
• Lotongus avesta — Yellow-band Palmer. Kencang Jalur-kuning   M(3)
• Zela excellens — White-club Yellow Palmer. Kencang Kuning Belantan-putih   L,M(3)
• Zela onara solex — Dark-club Yellow Palmer. Kencang Kuning Belantan-gelap   M(3)
• Zela zeus zeus — Orange-ciliate Palmer. Kencang Bulu-oren   M(3)   (Little  information)
• Zela zeus optima — Orange-ciliate Palmer. Kencang Bulu-oren   L,K
• Zela zero — Zero Palmer. Kencang Sandakan   M(3)
• Zela elioti — Brown-tufted Palmer. Kencang Rumbai-perang   L,K,M(3,4),T   (or Eliot’s Palmer: NL Liew. Brown-tufted: Ek-Amnuay)
• Zela zenon — Kencang Borneo   M(3)
• Zela cowani — Kencang Semenanjung   L,M(3) 
• Zela smaragdina — Black-tufted Palmer. Kencang Rumbai-hitam   L,M(3)
• Zela steineri —  Kencang Pahang   M(3)   (Not in C&P4. Endemic species to PM: C&P5. Recorded Bukit Tinggi, and Tapah-Cameron Highlands road: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Zela mars — Kencang Johor   M(3)   (New to checklist. Recorded Teluk Mahkota or Jason Bay, Johore: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Zela storeyi — Storey’s Palmer. Kencang Gombak   M(3),S   (New to checklist. Recorded Ulu Gombak, Cameron Highlands and Singapore: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Gangara thyrsis thyrsis—Giant Redeye. Laju-matamerah Gergasi   M(2,3,4),S   Gangara: Laju-matamerah Group
• Gangara sanguinocculus—Small Redeye. Laju-matamerah Kecil   M(3)
• Gangara lebadea lebadea—Banded Redeye. Laju-matamerah Jalur   M(2,3),S  
• Erionota sybirita – Sybarite Skipper. Pantas Singapura   M(3)
• Erionota acroleuca apicalis – White-tipped Skipper. Pantas Ujung-Putih   L,M(3),S  

(Or E. hiraca by Ek-Amnuay)   Erionata: Pantas Group

• Erionota torus – Giant Skipper. Pantas Gergasi   M(2,3),S  
• Erionota thrax thrax—Banana Skipper. Pantas Pisang   L,M(2,3),T,S
• Erionota hislopi – Pantas Jarang   M(3)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Ge geta – Circular Tufted Demon. Deras Rumbai Bulatan   L,M(2,3)   Ge: Deras Group (again)
• Matapa aria—Common Redeye. Laju-matamerah   M(2,3),T,S   Matapa: Laju-matamerah Group

(again)

• Matapa cresta—Fringed Redeye. Laju-matamerah Tepian   K,M(2,3)
• Matapa sasivarna—Green-based Redeye. Laju-matamerah Dasar-hijau   K,M(3)
• Matapa druna – Grey-branded Redeye. Laju-matamerah Tanda-kelabu   K,M(2,3)
• Matapa deprivata — Laju-matamerah Tiada-tanda   M(3)   (Little information)
• Unkana ambasa batara—Hoary Palmer. Kencang Tua   L,M(2,3),S   Unkana: Kencang Group (again)
• Unkana mytheca mytheca — Silver and Yellow Palmer. Kencang Perak-Kuning   M(3)   (Listed in C&P4, Erionota harmachis was found to be the female of  U. m. mytheca. Thus, E. harmachis  has been dropped from the checklist)
• Hidari irava—Coconut Skipper. Pantas Kelapa   L,K,M(2,3),S   Hidari: Pantas Group (again)
• Hidari doesoena doesona — Long-spotted Skipper. Pantas Tompok-panjang   M(3)
• Hidari bhawani — Crescentic Skipper. Pantas Sabit   L,K,M(3)   (or Veined Palmer. Crescentic Skipper: Ek-Amnuay)
• Eetion elia—White Spot Palmer. Kencang Tompok Putih   L,M(3),S   Eetion, Acerbas: Kencang Group (again)
• Acerbas anthea anthea – White Palmer. Kencang Putih   M(3,4)
• Acerbas martini – Dull White Palmer. Kencang Putih Kusam   L,K,M(3)
• Pirdana hyela rudolphii — Green-striped Palmer. Kencang Belang-hijau   M(3,4)
• Pirdana distanti distanti – Plain Green Palmer. Kencang Hijau Dataran   L,M(3),T  
• Taractrocera ardonia sumatrensis – Spotted Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Bertompok   M(2,3),S   (C&P5: Listed in error as T. a. lamia in C&P4)   Taractrocera: Terkam Group (again)
• Taractrocera archias quinta – Yellow Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Kuning   M(2),S  
• Taractrocera nigrolimbata negrolimbata  — Terkam Rumput Jawa   M(2)     (Listed in C&P4 as T. aliena aliena presumably in error. See C&P5 pg 404) 
• Taractrocera luzonensis zenia — Veined Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Berurat   K,Penang (Listed in C&P4 as T. zizclea zenia, presumably in error. See C&P5 pg 404)
• Oriens paragola — Malay Dartlet. Terkam-kecil Melayu   L,M(2,3),S   Oriens: Terkam-kecil Group  
• Oriens goloides – Ceylon Dartlet. Terkam-kecil Ceylon   L,K,M(3)
• Oriens gola pseudolus—Common Dartlet. Terkam-kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S  
• Potanthus rectifasciatus — Oblique-branded Dart. Terkam Tanda-serong   M(3,4)
• Potanthus pamela — Vestigial-spot Dart. Terkam Tompok-kecil   M(3,4)    Potanthus, Telicota, Cephrenes: Terkam Group (again)
• Potanthus trachala tytleri — Detached Dart. Terkam Manipur   K,M(2,3,4),S   (or Lesser Band Dart: iNaturalist; Detached Dart: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Potanthus juno juno — Overlapped Dart. Terkam Bertindih   L,M(3)
• Potanthus omaha omaha—Lesser Dart. Terkam Kecil   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Potanthus confucius dushta – Confucian Dart. Terkam Confusius   K,M(2,3,4)
• Potanthus pava pava –  Formosan Dart. Terkam Formosa   L 
• Potanthus lydia fraseri – Forest Dart. Terkam Rimba   M(4)
• Potanthus mingo ajax — Zigzag-banded Dart. Terkam Jalur-zigzag   M(3)  
• Potanthus ganda ganda — Ganda Dart. Terkam Gandah   L,K,M(3,4),S
• Potanthus chloe – Orange Dart. Terkam Oren   M(4)   (endemic: C&P5)
• Potanthus flavus alcon – Golden Dart. Terkam Emas   M(4)  
• Potanthus serina – Large Dart. Terkam Besar   L,S   (P. hetaerus serina in C&P4.  Odd distribution, L,S. But recorded in Raub by NL Liew.)
• Telicota colon stinga—Pale Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Pucat   L,K,M(2,3),T,S     (Or Common Palm Dart by Butterflycircle. Pale Palm Dart: Kirton. Palms the host plant?)
• Telicota augias augias—Palm Dart. Terkam Palma   M(2,3),S  
• Telicota hilda — Dark-dusted Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Gunung   L,M(4)
• Telicota ohara jix – Narrow-branded Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Tanda-sempit   M(3,4)  
• Telicota besta bina—Besta Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Sumatra   M(2,3),S  
• Telicota linna — Linna Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Sikkim    M(3,4),S   
• *Telicota bambusae bambusae – Dark Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Gelap   (Species of questionable records)
• Cephrenes acalle niasicus – Plain Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Nias   L,K,M(2),T,S  
• Cephrenes acalle kliana – Plain Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Nias   A
• Cephrenes trichopepla—Yellow Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Kuning   Perak,M(2,3),S   (Not in C&P4. Recorded in Singapore and Malaysia earliest 1999 according to ButterflyCircle.)
• Parnara bada bada – Ceylon Swift. Tangkas Ceylon   L,K,M(2,3,4)   (or Grey Swift, both in Ek-Amnuay)    Parnara, Borbo, Pelopidas, Polytremis. Zenonoida, Baoris, Caltoris: Tangkas Group
• Parnara apostata — Dark Straight Swift. Tangkas Tompok-empat   M(2,3,4)
• Parnara ganga – Continental Swift. Tangkas Benua   M(2)
• Borbo cinnara —Formosan Swift. Tangkas Formosa.  L,M(2,3,4),A,S   (Or Rice Swift: Kirton)
• Pelopidas agna agna—Bengal Swift. Tangkas Bengal  L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S  
• Pelopidas flavus – Tangkas Jarang   M(3) 
• Pelopidas mathias mathias—Small Branded Swift. Tangkas Tanda-kecil   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Pelopidas assamensis—Great Swift. Tangkas Besar   K,M(3),S
• Pelopidas conjunctus conjunctus—Conjoined Swift. Tangkas Bercantum  M(3,4),S
• Polytremis lubricans lubricans—Contiguous Swift. Tangkas Bersambung   K,M(2,3),T.S  
• Polytremis minuta — Baby Swift. Tangkas Kenit   M(3,4)
• Zenonoida discreta discreta — Himalayan Swift. Tangkas Himalaya   M(4)   (Previously, in C&P4, Polytremis d. discreta)
• Zenonoida eltola corbeti —Yellow-spot Swift. Tangkas Tompok-kuning   M(4)   (Previously, in C&P4, Polytremis eltola corbeti )
• Baoris farri farri – Bamboo Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Buluh   K,M(3,4),S
• Baoris oceia—Rice Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Beras   L,M(2,3),S
• Baoris chapmani – White Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Putih.   K   (C&P4, Baoris penicillata chapmani)
• Caltoris brunnea caere – Dark Branded Swift. Tangkas Tanda-gelap   M(3)
• Caltoris sirius fusca – Great Swift. Tangkas Besar   M(4)  
• Caltoris cahira austeni – Colon Swift. Tangkas Assam   M(3)  
• Caltoris bromus bromus – Extra-spot Swift. Tangkas Tompok-lebih   M(2,3)
• Caltoris cormasa – Full-stop Swift. Tangkas Titik-noktah   K,M(3),S  
• Caltoris malaya – Malayan Swift. Tangkas Malaya   L,M(3),S
• Caltoris tulsi tulsi – Purple Swift. Tangkas Ungu   M(3,4)
• Caltoris plebeia – Tufted Swift. Tangkas Rumbai   M(3,4)
• Caltoris philippina philippina – Philippine Swift. Tangkas Filipina   S  
• Iton semamora semamora – Common Wight. Bangat Rimba   L,M(3)  

Results and Discussion

A Checklist of Peninsular Malaysian butterflies with a Malay name to each species is achieved alongside scientific and English names. This is a first of such Checklist for Peninsular Malaysia. Scientific names follow C&P5 and also English names if available, else from other sources. The Malay names were created in a systematic manner and relationship if any  between species as to subfamily and genus or closely related genera is made known.

There are two methods to create a Malay name for a butterfly species:

1. <Subfamily name><Group name><Specific name>

2. <Group name><Subgroup name><Specific name>

Method 1 enables species of a subfamily and group to be identified. For example, Kuning subfamily of Coliadinae, such as, Kuning Rumput Kecil, Eurema brigitta senna, the Small Grass Yellow. Or, Kuning Emigran Lemon, Catopsilia pomona pomona, the Lemon Emigrant.

Themed groups of Method 2 is the next best for association if a subfamily does not have a single subfamily name to apply Method 1.  For example, bird-themed groups of Pierinae with groups such as Kesumba (trogon), and Camar (gull). Examples are, Kesumba Bersolek, Delias hyparete metarete, the Painted Jezebel, and  Camar Oren, Cepora iudith malaya, the Orange Gull.

Method 1 has been applied to 10 subfamilies and Method 2 to 15 subfamilies, of which 13 are themed groups. The two subfamilies that have groups that are too varied to use the themed group names are Theclinae (Family: Lycaenidae), and Satyrinae (Family: Nymphalidae).

Conclusion

According to C&P5, there are 1051 butterfly species for Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore distributed in six families: Papilionidae (45 species), Pieridae (47), Nymphalidae (281), Riodinidae (16), Lycaenidae (402), and Hesperiidae (260). As for Peninsular Malaysia, we have 1048 species (with three species of the 1051 species found only in Singapore; a fourth since being discovered in Johor).

Butterfly species do not have official or already widely used Malay names (except the general Kertas or Surat  for the Nymph butterflies). This makes it easier to create Malay names as proposed by Methods 1 and 2 to achieve the objectives of Malay naming i.e., to create Malay names systematically and to indicate relationships (subfamily and genus/genera) between species, if any. Easier compared to creating Checklists for mammals, birds, and snakes that we have also done.

References

AGC (2012), Attorney General’s Chambers, Wildlife Conservation (Amendment of Schedule) Order 2012. Kuala Lumpur

AOS 2023. American Ornithological Society, American Ornithological Society Will Change the English Names of Bird Species Named After People. https://americanornithology.org/american-ornithological-society-will-change-the-english-names-of-bird-species-named-after-people/    (Accessed 25 December 2023)

Corbet, S.A. and Pendlebury, H.M.  (1992), Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. 4th edition, edited by J.N. Eliot. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur   (C&P4)

Corbet, S.A. and Pendlebury, H.M. (2020), The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. 5^th edition, edited by GM & NE van der Poorten. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.   (C&P5)

Ek-Amnuay, P. (2012), Butterflies of Thailand. 2nd edition. Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok.

Khew, S.K. (2015). A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Singapore. Ink On Paper, Singapore.

Kirton, L. (2020). A Naturalist’s Guide To Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford.

Yong, H.S. (1983). Malaysian Butterflies: an introduction. 4th impression, 2000. Tropical Press., Kuala Lumpur.

Websites:

ButterflyCircle: https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/

Liew, NL. Butterflies of Raub: https://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/

Hoskins, A. https://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/index.htm

iNaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/

Savela, Markku: https://www.nic.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_life/warp/lepidoptera-index-e-q.html

Checklist of Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia:

With Scientific, English, and Malay names

Rosli Omar

Flora Special Interest Group, Malaysian Nature Society

rosliomar@fastmail.fm

Tel: 0192823667

5 April 2024

Abstract

This paper describes the creation of a Checklist for butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia with each species having a Malay (Bahasa Melayu) name, alongside scientific and English names, a first such checklist for Peninsula butterflies. Before this, butterfly species do not have Malay names. The aim of this creation is to have the Malay names created in a systematic manner such that the relationship between species as to their subfamily (but not to the family since all families are subdivided into subfamilies, the start of the naming) and genus or related genera is known from the name itself. For example, Painted Lady and Red Indian Admiral of the genus Vanessa are Laksamana Bersolek and Laksamana India Merah respectively, using ‘group name’ Laksamana for this genus. Group names can also be applied to related genera, for example Rimau to the Tigers of Danaus, Tirumala, and Ideopsis.

KEYWORDS

Butterfly Checklist Peninsular Malaysia. Butterflies’ Malay names. Systematic Malay naming. Species family relationship.

Introduction

This checklist is based on the Checklist in the book (Chapter two), Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia: with a checklist of Scientific, English, and Malay names (Omar et al. 2023). Here, modifications and improvements are made to that checklist in the light of our experience and further insights obtained in drawing up Malay names checklists for snakes, odonates, birds, and mammals of Peninsular Malaysia.

This Checklist consists of three lists: scientific names, English names, and Bahasa Melayu (Malay) names. The scientific names are that of Corbet and Pendlebury (2020), 5th edition, or C&P5 for short. English names are added, either from C&P5, which only gives limited names, or from Ek-Amnuay (2012), Kirton (2020), Khew (2015), the ButterflyCircle and Butterflies of Raub blogs, and from other internet sources. Malay names are quite often adaptations from the English although less dependent in this modified Checklist than the original.

Other names, either English or scientific, used by different authors are also noted. Where an entry is different from Corbet and Pendlebury (1992), 4th edition, or C&P4, this is noted in the entry. This is in the fifth item in the checklist. The fourth item is the distribution of the species in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, including habitat type.

C&P5 in Appendix F lists 1,051 species for Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, with 1,048 species for Peninsular Malaysia. This checklist then is actually for both countries with those exclusive to Singapore noted for three species. A fourth has been discovered in Johor by the ButterCircle. C&P5 also lists 153 subspecies. There is a further 12 species described as “Species of questionable records” (Appendix C) which are not included in the 1,051 species count. These are marked with the symbol * in the Checklist.

Objectives of the Malay checklist

The vast majority of butterfly species do not have Malay names. And there are none in the Wildlife Conservation (Amendment of Schedule) Order 2012 published by the Attorney General’s Chambers (AGC 2012). Thus, the attempt to create one in the above-mentioned Checklist of Omar et al (2023). And here, a refinement of that Checklist.

Apart from creating a Malay names Checklist, the next objective is to create names that show the relationship between species, if any, i.e., the attempt here is to show the relatedness in the Malay names themselves. This relationship maybe that:

1. of the same subfamily (not possible to family because there are just too many to a family given that 1051 species are distributed to only six families). For example,  we would not know from the English names that the Jezebels, Albatrosses and Orange-tips are of the same subfamily (Family: Pieridae, Subfamily: Pierinae);
2. or of the same genus or related genera. To a certain extent this relationship is indicated in English names where we have the groups of, say, Albatross, Jezebel, and Jay butterflies. But not always. For example, from the groups Jay, Swordtail, and Zebra we would not know that they are related. Only when we look at their genus, Graphium, do we realise that they are very closely related even if they look quite different. (We have not always been successful for every subfamily with some species being too varied in their characteristics to find a common group name, e.g, Family: Nymphalidae, Subfamily: Satyrinae).
3. Apart from genetic relatedness, another is relatedness in appearance. For example, the Imperials. First, we have the White Imperial under genus Neomyrina. Further down 19 entries later there is the Branded Imperial under Eooxylides. And after that the Cardinal (Thamala marciana) followed by three more Imperials. Even though they are separated by other species they are recognisable as Imperials. Thus, the Malay names for these species correspond to Imperial too (Ekorpanjang). But note that all the Imperials are still of the same subfamily (Family: Lycaenidae, Subfamily: Theclinae).

For the scientific names Checklist of C&P5 we take it that the species are arranged in some taxonomical order, i.e., species genetically near to each other are listed near to each other, and vice versa. Hence, for the purpose of creating a Malay name we may take that a species listed between two species of, say, Imperials is itself an Imperial if it looks like an Imperial. This is the case of the Cardinal which is given the Malay name of an Imperial (Ekorpanjang Utama).

Note: The Malay names, like their English counterparts, are only to the species level, not to the sub-species level as in the scientific names.

How the Malay names Checklist was created

From the above objectives, there are two ways to create a Malay name for a butterfly species:

1. <Subfamily name><Group name><Specific name>

2. <Group name><Subgroup name><Specific name>

Method 1 is chosen when either there is an English name for the subfamily, from which a Malay name can be adapted, or a Malay name can be created given some common characteristic of the subfamily. For example, the subfamily Coliadinae (Family: Pieridae) which does not have an English name. Here are the yellow butterflies: Grass Yellow, Emigrant, Tree Yellow etc. Thus, this is given the Malay subfamily name of Kuning.

For example, consider Eurema brigitta senna, the Small Grass Yellow. The Subfamily name is Kuning, the Group name, Rumput, and the Specific name, Kecil i.e., Kuning Rumput Kecil.

Another example, Gandaca harina distanti, the Tree Yellow. Again, the Subfamily name is Kuning, with the Group name Pohon. Since this is the only species of the Pohon group there is no need for the Specific name to uniquely specify this species, i.e., the name is Kuning Pohon.

Method 2. This is chosen if Method 1 is not possible, for example, there are too many species with different characteristics that there is not much in  common. But in line with the above objective, here, if possible, we try to have a common theme to the subfamily. For example, subfamily Pierinae (Family: Pieridae) has groups named after birds:  Albatross and Gull. But others are not: Jezebel, Sawtooth etc. For the Malay names, we have named these other groups also after birds. Thus, Pierinae is a bird-themed subfamily.

Example, Appias cardena perakana, the Yellow Puffin. The Group name is Albatros (for the genus Appias), the Subgroup name is Rembah (for Puffin) and the Specific name is Kuning, i.e., Albatros Rembah Kuning.

Method 2, apart from applying to a genus can be applied to related genera too (or genera quite far apart but within the same subfamily as the case of the Imperials mentioned above). Consider the Tigers of Danaus, Tirumala, and Ideopsis,

Danaus chrysippus chrysippus—Plain Tiger. Rimau  Dataran

Tirumala limniace exotica – Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru

Ideopsis vulgaris macrina—Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru

Ideopsis gaura perakana— Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil

Note the last entry. It is an Ideopsis and thus a Tiger even though its English name is a Nymph—and does look like the four other Nymphs—all of genus Idea, the immediate genus below Ideopsis. Since we follow genetic relatedness ahead of appearance relatedness, all species of a given genus must follow its Group name.

There are other subfamilies where the groups are so varied that we cannot even have a theme to the subfamily. Such is the subfamily Satyrinae (Family: Nymphalidae) as mentioned above.  

Guidelines in Malay naming

General naming form. The two namingmethods each consist of three components i.e., the maximum number of components for a species name is three. But as we saw above, for the Tree Yellow, the Malay name has only two. The number of components depends on the need to uniquely specify the species. In some cases, we need only one. For example, Graphium doson evemonides, the Common Jay. In Malay this is Riang. We have decided, in general, not to use Common for the Malay name. See below.

Limited use of Common but use of Rare or Scarce. As mentioned above, species named as Common is not generally adapted in the Malay name. This is because a species may be common in its original place where it was first described (technically, Type Locality) or may no longer be common or may not be common in the future. If it is used it is mainly to distinguish between species names. On the other hand, we do use the Malay equivalent for rare or scarce species, Jarang, for it is informative and quite unlikely to be common as time passes.

The use of the hyphen. This has several uses:

1. To distinguish between nearly similar group names. For example, in the subfamily Polyommatinae (Family: Lycaenidae) there are various groups of blue butterflies: Biru-pepagar (Hedge Blue), Biru-rumput (Grass Blue), Biru (Blue) etc.
2. To indicate that hyphenated two or more words are an item. This is useful to ensure that the maximum three components rule to a name is followed. For example, Burara anadi owstoni, the Plain Orange Awlet, Penusuk Kecil Oren-Bukit-fraser.  
3. To prevent confusion whether, for a subfamily, a middle word being a Group name or a part of the Specific name. For example, for the subfamily Coeliadinae (Family: Hesperiidae), Hasora salanga, the Black-tailed Awl, Penusuk Ekor-hitam. With the hyphen it is clear that Ekor-hitam is the Specific name. 

Non-use of human names. The American Ornithological Society decided to rename English bird names with names of people to ones without them (AOS 2023). Here we follow them for butterfly Malay names.

 A final note. In creating the Malay names, we can keep in mind that many of the English names are quite arbitrary, names such as Sailor (or Sailer), Sergeant, Archduke, Helen, Gorgon, etc. They are not related to any feature of the butterflies. Thus, we are quite free to adapt the names.  Although some, like the Nymphs, is because of their graceful flight, which is why we adapted it as Bidadari, with a similar connotation.

                                                               **************************

Note: Kedawi is the geographical area Kedah-Langkawi-Perlis, a term used by C&P5 that we too use here, to describe the tropical monsoon — as opposed to the equatorial — area that has some unique butterflies.

Keys for distribution of the butterflies as given in C&P5 (4^th item in the Checklist):

A, P, T: Aur, Pemanggil, Tioman Islands on the east coast.

K: Kedawi – Kedah-Perlis, north of Sungai Kedah (tropical monsoon area as opposed to equatorial, with some unique species/subspecies)

L : Langkawi

M: Peninsular Malaysia proper minus K, L, and other islands

1: coastal mangrove association

2: secondary plant growth below 760m

3: primary forest below 760m

4: all areas above 760m

S: Singapore

C&P5 takes 760m as the divide between lowland and montane regions. Other authors like Kirton (2020) take it as 800m, and still others, 900m.

General abbreviations

TL: Type Locality (where a specimen was first collected for the species to be scientifically described).

PM: Peninsular Malaysia

The Checklist

The Checklist, arranged according to Families and Subfamilies following C&P5

Family: Papilionidae

Family: Papilionidae      SubFamily: Papilioninae     Emotion-themed Groups

• Trogonoptera brookiana albescens—Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing. Gah Gemilang   M(3,4, central range)    Trogonoptera, Troides: Gah Group
• Trogonoptera brookiana mollumar – Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing. Gah Gemilang   Johore,NE Pahang,Terenganu
• Troides helena cerberus—Common Birdwing. Gah Tompok-merah   L,K,M (2,3,4),S
• Troides aeacus malaiianus – Golden Birdwing. Gah Emas   L,M(2,3)   In C&P4, listed in error as T. a. thomsonii
• Troides amphrysus ruficollis—Malayan Birdwing. Gah Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,P,S   Or Malay Birdwing    
• Troides cuneifera paeninsulae – Mountain Birdwing. Gah Gunung   M(3,4)   In C&P4, listed in error as T. cuneifer.
• Atrophaneura sycorax egertoni – Whitehead Batwing. Suram Kepala-putih    M(3,4)  (C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Atrophaneura varuna varuna – Common Batwing. Suram Semenanjung   L,M(2,3,4)   (C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Atrophaneura nox erebus – Malayan Batwing. Suram Malaya   M(2,3)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Parides)
• Losaria neptunus neptunus—Yellow Bodied Clubtail. Marah Kuning   L,K,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pachliopta)
• Losaria doubledayi doubledayi—Common Clubtail. Marah Merah    L,K,M(3)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Pachliopta)
• Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris—Common Rose. Seri Mawar   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S 
• Papilio agestor shirozui – Tawny Mime. Ceria Penyamar Jingga   M(4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)   Papilio: Ceria group.
• Papilio slateri perses – Blue Striped Mime. Ceria Penyamar Belang    (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio clytia clytia—Common Mime. Ceria Penyamar Biasa   L,K,M(2,3),S   (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio paradoxa aenigma—Great Blue Mime. Ceria Penyamar Besar    M(2,3,4)  (In C&P4, listed under genus Chilasa)
• Papilio demoleus malayanus—Lime Butterfly. Ceria  Limau   L,K,M(1,2,3),S
• Papilio demolion demolion—Banded Swallowtail. Ceria Ekorlayang    L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Papilio castor selangoranus – Burmese Raven. Ceria Cecawi    L,K,M(3,4)   (In C&P4 listed as P. mahadeva)
• Papilio nephelus annulus – Black and White Helen. Ceria Perawan Hitamputih   L,K,M(3)
• Papilio nephelus sunatus—Black and White Helen. Ceria Perawan Hitamputih    M(3)
• Papilio helenus helenus—Red Helen. Ceria Perawan Merah   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Papilio iswaroides curtisi – Ceria Perawan Pahang   M(4)  All 9 GBIF records from Pahang.
• Papilio iswara iswara—Great Helen. Ceria Perawan Besar   L,M(3,4),S
• Papilio polytes romulus—Common Mormon. Ceria Sesumpah Biasa  L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S  
• Papilio memnon agenor—Great Mormon. Ceria Sesumpah Besar   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S  
• Papilio prexaspes prexaspes—Blue Helen. Ceria Perawan Biru   K,M(3),S
• *Papilio paris paris—Paris Peacock. Ceria Merak Paris   (Species of questionable records)
• Papilio palinurus palinurus—Banded Peacock. Ceria Merak Jalur   L,K,M(3)
• Meandrusa payeni ciminius – Yellow Gorgon. Garang Sabit.   M(3,4)  (or Outlet Sword or Sickle)  
• Graphium sarpedon luctatius—Common Bluebottle. Riang Segitiga  L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Graphium: Riang Group
• Graphium empedovana – Malayan Yellowbottle. Riang Malaya  L,M(3),T,S
• Graphium doson evemonides—Common Jay. Riang   L,K,M(3),S
• Graphium doson kajanga – Common Jay. Riang   T,A,Perhentian Islands
• Graphium evemon eventus—Lesser Jay. Riang Kecil.   L,K,M(3),S   (or Blue Jay by some. Lesser Jay: Butterflycircle, Ek-Amnuay)  
• Graphium eurypylus mecisteus—Great Jay. Riang Besar   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Graphium bathycles bathycloides—Striped Jay. Riang Belang   K,M(2,3),S
• Graphium chironides malayanum—Veined Jay. Riang Urat   M(3,4)
• Graphium agamemnon agamemnon—Tailed Jay. Riang Ekor   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Graphium arycles arycles—Spotted Jay. Riang Tompok   L,K,M(3)
•  Graphium agetes iponus – Fourbar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurempat    M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium aristeus hermocrates—Stripe Swordtail. Riang Pedang Belang   L,K,Perak   (Or Chain Swordtail: Wikipedia. Stripe: Ek-Amnuay)
• Graphium antiphates alcibiades—Fivebar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurlima    L,K,M(3),S   (In C&P4, listed as Pathysa a. itamputi)
•  Graphium antiphates pulauensis – Fivebar Swordtail. Riang Pedang Jalurlima  T,A.   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium macareus perakensis—Lesser Zebra. Riang Zebra Kecil   L,K,Perak,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium macareus macaristus – Lesser Zebra. Riang Zebra Kecil   T   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium megarus megapenthes – Spotted Zebra. Riang Zebra Tompok   L,K,Perak,M(3)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
•  Graphium megarus tiomanensis – Spotted Zebra. Riang Zebra Tompok   T   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi—Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung   L,M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Graphium ramaceus sachiyoae  ̶  Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung   L  (New, not in C&P4)
• Graphium ramaceus yukae—Pendlebury’s Zebra. Riang Zebra Semenanjung.   T   (New, not in C&P4)
• Graphium delessertii delessertii—Malayan Zebra. Riang Zebra Malaya   L,K,M(3,4)   (In C&P4, listed under genus Pathysa)
• Lamproptera curius curius—White Dragontail. Membara Naga-putih   L,K,M(3,4)
• Lamproptera meges virescens—Green Dragontail. Membara Naga-hijau   L,K,M(3,4)

Family: Pieridae

Family: Pieridae     SubFamily: Pierinae   Bird-themed groups

• Delias singhapura singhapura – Lion Jezebel. Kesumba Singa   M(3,4),S
• Delias georgina keda – Kesumba Menawan    Gunung Jerai(4)
• Delias georgina tahanica – Kesumba Menawan   Gunung Tahan(4)
• Delias georgina zenobia – Kesumba Menawan   M(4)
• Delias georgina orphne – Kesumba Menawan   Gunung Ledang(4)
• Delias belladonna malayana – Hill Jezebel. Kesumba Bukit   M(4)
• Delias pasithoe parthenope—Red-base Jezebel.  Kesumba Dasar-merah   K,M(1,2,3,4),S
• Delias acalis perakana – Red-breast Jezebel.  Kesumba Dada-merah   M(4)
• Delias ninus ninus — Malayan Jezebel. Kesumba Malaya   L,M(4)
• Delias descombesi eranthos – Red-spot Jezebel.  Kesumba Tompok-merah   M(3,4)
• Delias agostina johnsoni – Yellow Jezebel. Kesumba Genting-highland
• Delias baracasa dives – Common Yellow Jezebel.  Kesumba Kuning    M(4)
• Delias hyparete metarete—Painted Jezebel.  Kesumba Bersolek  K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Prioneris thestylis malaccana – Spotted Sawtooth. Takau Tompok   M(3,4)
• Prioneris philonome themana—Redspot Sawtooth. Takau Tompok-merah   M(3,4),S  
• Cepora nerissa dapha—Common Gull. Camar   L,K
• Cepora nadina andersoni—Lesser Gull. Camar Kecil   M(3,4)
• Cepora iudith malaya—Orange Gull. Camar Oren  L,K,M(3)  
• Cepora iudith talboti – Orange Gull. Camar Oren   T
• Cepora iudith siamensis – Orange Gull. Camar Oren   A
• Pieris canidia canidia—Cabbage White. Sintar Kobis.  S   (Butterflycircle: spotted in Johor)
• *Pieris melete montana – Green-veined White. Sintar Urat-hijau   (Species of questionable records. P. napi montana in C&P4)
• Appias lyncida vasava—Chocolate Albatross. Albatros Coklat   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   Appias, Saletera: Albatros Group
• Appias olferna olferna — Striped Albatross. Albatros Belang   M(2,3,4),A,S  (A name change from A. libythea olferna in C&P4)
• Appias nero nero—Orange Albatross. Albatros Oren   L,K,M(3,4).  (Appias nero figulina in C&P4; nero=figulina, C&P5.)
• Appias albina albina – Common Albatross. Albatros   L,K,M(3,4)
• Appias paulina distanti—Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil   L,K,M(3,4),S   (Or Common Albatross: Wikipedia. Lesser: Ek-Amnuay, Butterflycircle)
• Appias paulina adamsoni – Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil.   L  (not in C&P4)
• Appias paulina grisea – Lesser Albatross. Albatros Kecil   T,A
• Appias indra plana — Plain Puffin. Albatros Rembah Melaka   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   TL:Malacca
• Appias pandione lagela—Banded Puffin. Albatros Rembah Jalur   M(3,4)
• Appias cardena perakana – Yellow Puffin. Albatros Rembah Kuning   M(3,4),A  (or Malay Puffin: Hoskins; Yellow: Ek-Amnuay)
• Appias lalassis indroides – Burmese Puffin. Albatros Rembah Burma   M(3,4)
• Saletara panda distanti—Malaysian Albatross. Albatros Malaysia   K,M(3,4),T,A,S   (S. liberia distanti in C&P4)
• Udaiana cynis cynis—Forest White. Kedidi Rimba    M(3)   (Phrissura aegis cynis, C&P4)
• Udaiana cynis pryeri – Forest White. Kedidi Rimba   T,A  (Phrissura aegis pryeri, C&P4)
• Ixias pyrene verna—Yellow Orange Tip. Dendang Kuning    L,K,Gunung Jerai    Ixias, Hebomoia: Dendang Group
• Ixias pyrene birdi – Yellow Orange Tip. Dendang Kuning   M(3)
• Ixias alticola – Cream Orange Tip. Dendang Putih  M(4)    (I. pyrene alticola, C&P4.  Endemic species, C&P5. Cream OT by Kirton) 
• Hebomoia glaucippe aturia—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar    L,K,M(3,4),S
• Hebomoia glaucippe anomala—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar   T,A
• Hebomoia glaucippe theia—Great Orange Tip. Dendang Besar   Pemanggil Is.
• Pareronia anais—Common Wanderer. Tirjup Langkawi     L,K,Terenganu
• Pareronia valeria lutescens—Wanderer. Tirjup   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Leptosia nina nina—Psyche. Undan   L,K,Penang
• Leptosia nina malayana—Psyche. Undan   M(2,3),A,S  

Family: Pieridae      SubFamily: Coliadinae      Kuning Subfamily

• Dercas gobrias herodorus – Angled Sulphur. Kuning Belerang Sudut  K,M(3,4),T   (D. verhuelli herodorus in C&P4)  
• Catopsilia pyranthe pyranthe—Mottled Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Belak   L,K,M(2,3),T,S    Catopsila: Kuning Emigran Group
• Catopsilia pomona pomona—Lemon Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Lemon   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Catopsilia scylla cornelia—Orange Emigrant. Kuning Emigran Oren   L,K,M(2),T,S
• Eurema brigitta senna—Small Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Kecil.   Penang,S   (ButterfflyCircle: No Brand Grass Yellow. Small Grass: Ek-Amnuay)   Eurema: Kuning Rumput Group
• Eurema hecabe contubernalis—Common Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Biasa   L,K,M(1,2,3,4),T,A,S
• Eurema simulatrix littorea – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   L
• Eurema simulatrix tecmessa – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   K,M(2,3,4),S   (or Changeable GY: Wikipedia. Hill GY: Ek-Amnuay)
• Eurema simulatrix tiomanica – Hill Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Bukit   T,A 
• Eurema blanda blanda —Three-spot Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Tompok-tiga   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   (E. blanda snelleni in C&P4)
• Eurema andersonii andersonii – One-spot Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Tompok-satu   L,K,M(3,4),S   (or Anderson’s Grass Yellow: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle. One-spot GY: Wikipedia)
• Eurema lacteola lacteola – Scarce Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Jarang   M(3,4)  
• Eurema ada iona – Talbot’s Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Raub   K,M(3,4)    TL: Raub, Pahang
• Eurema sari sodalis—Chocolate Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Coklat   K,M(3,4),A,P,S
• Eurema nicevillei nicevillei — Banded Grass Yellow. Kuning Rumput Jalur   L,K,M(3),T  (E. tilaha nicevillei in C&P4)
• Gandaca harina distanti—Tree Yellow. Kuning Pohon   L,K,M(3,3,4),S   Gandaca: Kuning Pohon Group
• Gandaca harina aora – Tree Yellow. Kuning Pohon   T,A  

Family: Nymphalidae

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Danainae     Rimau, Bidadari, Rubah Groups

• Danaus chrysippus chrysippus—Plain Tiger. Rimau Dataran  L,K,M(2),T,S    Danaus, Tirumala, Parantica, Ideopsis: Rimau Group
• Danaus genutia genutia—Common Tiger. Rimau   L,M(2),S
• Danaus melanippus hegesippus—White Tiger. Rimau Putih   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   (or Black-veined Tiger. White: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton; Black-veined: ButterflyCircle)
• Danaus affinis malayanus—Swamp Tiger. Rimau Paya   L,M(1),S  (or Malay Tiger. Swamp: Kirton; Malay: Ek-Amnuay. Habitat: Mangroves)
• Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis—Dark Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru Gelap   L,K,M(3,4),S
• Tirumala gautama gautama – Scarce Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru Jarang    L
• Tirumala limniace exotica – Blue Tiger. Rimau Biru   East coast,S
• Parantica aspasia aspasia—Yellow Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Kuning   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Parantica agleoides agleoides—Dark Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Gelap   M(2,3,4),S
• Parantica aglea melanoides –  Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca   L,K,M(3,4)
• Parantica luzonensis aurensis — Yellow Tiger. Rimau Kuning   T,A,P
• Parantica melaneus sinopion—Chocolate Tiger. Rimau Coklat   M(3,4)
• Parantica sita ethologa—Chestnut Tiger. Rimau Berangan   K,M(4)
• Ideopsis vulgaris macrina—Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Ideopsis similis persimilis – Ceylon Blue Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Biru-ceylon   L,K,Terengganu, Perak,Selangor   (or Blue Glassy Tiger: Ek-Amnuay. Ceylon: Kirton)
• Ideopsis juventa sitah—Grey Glassy Tiger. Rimau Kaca Kelabu   East coast, Perhentian Is.,T,A,S
• Ideopsis gaura perakana— Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil   L,M(3,4)  
• Ideopsis gaura kajangensis – Smaller Wood Nymph. Rimau Bidadari Kecil   T
• Idea lynceus lynceus – Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon    L,K,M(3,4)    Idea: Bidadari Group   (Or Kertas or Surat)
• Idea stolli logani—Common Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Melaka    M(3,4),S    TL: Malacca.
• Idea hypermnestra linteata – Malayan Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Malaya   L,M(3,4)
• Idea leuconoe chersonesia—Mangrove Tree Nymph. Bidadari Pohon Bakau   M(1),T,S   (or Large Tree Nymph: Kirton)
• Euploea modesta modesta – Plain Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Jarang   L,K,M(3)      Euploea: Rubah Group
• Euploea modesta tiomana – Plain Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Jarang   East coast,Pulau Tenggol,T,A,P
• Euploea crameri bremeri—Spotted Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Tompok   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Euploea crameri crameri – Spotted Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Tompok   T,A
• Euploea camaralzeman paraclaudina – Malayan Crow. Rubah Malaya   L,K   (By ButterflyCircle; Blue King Crow by Ek-Amnuay)  
• Euploea camaralzeman malayica—Malayan Crow. Rubah Malaya   M(3,4),S    (Malayan by ButterflyCircle; Blue King Crow by Ek-Amnuay)
• Euploea core graminifera—Common Indian Crow. Rubah India   L.

-form wheeleri   K

• Euploea algea menetriesii – Long Branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-panjang   L,K,M(1,3,4),T 
• Euploea doubledayi evalida – Greater Striped Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Belang-besar   L,K,M(4)
• Euploea eyndhovii gardineri— Lesser Striped Black Crow. Rubah Hitam Belang-kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),S  (ButterflyCircle changes name to Lesser SBC but later revert to SBC.)
• Euploea sylvester harrisii – Double-branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-berganda   L,K,M(3,4)
• Euploea sylvester near tyrianthina – Double-branded Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Tanda-berganda.   T,A
• Euploea mulciber mulciber—Striped Blue Crow. Rubah Biru Belang   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Euploea tulliolus ledereri—Dwarf Crow. Rubah Katik   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Euploea tulliolus near aristotelis – Rubah Katik.  T,A,P
• Euploea phaenareta castelnaui—King Crow. Rubah Raja   L,K,M(1,2,3),A,S
• Euploea midamus chloe – Blue Spotted Crow. Rubah Tompok Biru   L,M(3,4)
• Euploea midamus singapura—Blue Spotted Crow. Rubah Tompok Biru   T,A,S
• Euploea klugii erichsonii—Brown King Crow. Rubah Raja Perang   L,K,Penang
• Euploea eunice leucogonis—Blue Branded King Crow. Rubah Raja Tanda-biru   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Euploea radamanthus radamanthus—Magpie Crow. Rubah Murai   L,K,M(2,3,4),S

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Satyrinae     Browns and Arguses but generally, varied groups

• Melanitis leda leda—Common Evening Brown. Perang Senja   L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S
• Melanitis phedima abdullae—Dark Evening Brown. Perang Senja Gelap   L,M(2,3,4)
• Melanitis zitenius auletes – Great Evening Brown. Perang Senja Besar   K,M(3,4)
• Elymnias panthera panthera—Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   L,M(3,4),Perhentian Is.,S  
• Elymnias panthera tiomanica – Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   T,A
• Elymnias panthera redangensis – Tawny Palmfly. Palma Perang   Redang Is. (Not in C&P4)
• Elymnias dara darina – White-banded Palmfly. Palma Jalur-putih   M(3,4)
• Elymnias patna hanitschi – Blue-striped Palmfly. Palma Belang-biru   M(4)
• Elymnias hypermnestra tinctoria – Common Palmfly. Palma   L,K
• Elymnias hypermnestra discrepans – Common Palmfly. Palma   South Kedah, Penang
• Elymnias hypermnestra beatrice—Common Palmfly. Palma   M(1,2,3),S  (E.h. agina, C&P4. agina=Beatrice)
• Elymnias hypermnestra nimota – Common Palmfly. Palma   T,A
• Elymnias nesaea lioneli—Tiger Palmfly. Palma Rimau   L,M(3,4),A
• Elymnias saueri saueri — Dried-leaf Palmfly. Palma Daun-kering   L,K,M(3,4)   (E. casiphone saueri, C&P4)
• Elymnias casiphone erinyes – Palma Sumatra.  M(3)    TL: Sumatra. (in C&P4, Elymnias kamara erinyes)
• Elymnias kuenstleri kuenstleri – Palma Putih   M(3,4) 
• Elymnias harterti harteri — Black Palmfly. Palma Hitam   M(2,3,4)
• Elymnias esaca esaca – Green Palmfly. Palma Hijau   M(3,4)
• Elymnias penanga penanga—Pointed Palmfly. Palma Tirus   L,K,M(2,3,4)
• Elymnias malelas malelas – Spotted Palmfly. Palma Tompok   L,M(2,3)  (= E.m. ivena. Not in C&P4; new species for PM)
• Neorina lowii neophyta—Malayan Owl. Jampuk   K,M(3,4)  
• Ethope diademoides hislopi — White Diadem. Mahkota Kedah   K,Upper Perak    TL: Kedah.
• Xanthotaenia busiris busiris—Yellow-barred Pan. Dewi   K,M(3,4)   (Yellow-barred Pan (Kirton) or Pan (Ek-Amnuay))  
• Lethe confusa enima—Banded Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Jalur   M(3,4)    Lethe:  Rimbawan Group
• Lethe europa malaya—Bamboo Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Buluh   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Lethe minerva minerva – Banded Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Jalur   K,M(2,3)  
• Lethe vindhya luaba – Black Forester. Rimbawan Hitam   M(4)
• Lethe sinorix vanda – Tailed Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Berekor   M (4)
• Lethe mekara gopaka—Common Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah   K,M(2,3,4)
• Lethe chandica namura – Angled Red Forester. Rimbawan Merah Sumatra   K,M(3,4)   TL: Padang, Sumatra
• Lethe verma robinsoni—Straight Tree Brown. Rimbawan Perang Lurus   M(4) (Straight Tree Brown by Ek-Amnuay)
• Mycalesis perseus cepheus—Dingy Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Suram   L,K,M(2,3),S    Mycalesis, Mydosama, Calupa, Telinga:  Perang-belukar Group
• Mycalesis perseoides – Burmese Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Burma   L,K,M(2),S   (M. p. perseoides in C&P4. C&P5 considers no sub-species)
• Mycalesis mineus macromalayana—Dark Brand Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tanda-gelap   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Mycalesis distanti –Wavy Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Beralun   L,K,M(2,3)   (M. intermedia distanti in C&P4.)
• Mycalesis horsfieldi hermana – Horsfield’s Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Rimba   M(3),T,A
• Mycalesis visala phamis—Long Brand Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tanda-panjang   K,M(3),S
• Mycalesis orseis nautilus—Purple Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Ungu   K,M(3,4),S
• Mycalesis anaxias senoi – White-bar Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jalur-putih   M(4)
• Mycalesis anaxioides — Large White-bar Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jalur-putih Besar   K,M(3,4)
• Mycalesis oroatis ustulata—Red Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Merah   K,M(3)
• Mydosama anapita anapita – Tawny Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Jingga   K,M(2,3)  (Mycalesis a. anapita in C&P4)
• Mydosama patiana — Eliot’s Bush-Brown. Perang-belukar Jarang   M(3)   (Mycalesis patiana in C&P4)
• Mydosama fuscum fuscum—Malayan Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Malaya   M(3),S   (Mycalesis fusca fusca in C&P4)
• Mydosama maianeas maianeas — Bandless Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Tiada-jalur   K,M(3,4   (Mycalesis m. maianeas in C&P4)
• Mydosama dohertyi dohertyi – Perang-belukar Jalur-lebar   M(3)   (Mycalesis dohertyi dohertyi in C&P4). Broad buff band on underside.
• Calupa mnasicles perna —  Cyclops Bush-brown. Perang-belukar Mataputih   L,K,M(3,4)   (Mycalesis mnasicles perna in C&P4)  
• Telinga janardana sagittigera — Common Bush-brown. Perang-belukar   M(2,3,4),T   (Mycalesis j. sagittegera in C&P4 and Kirton. Mottled BB by Kirton. Common BB by NL Liew)
• Orsotriaena medus cinerea—Dark Grass-Brown. Perang-rumput   L,K,M(2,3),T,S    Orsotriaena: Perang-rumput Group
• Erites argentina delia — Eyed Cyclops.  Saiklop Bermata   L,K,M(3)   Erites: Saiklop Group
• Erites medura russelli — Curved Cyclops.  Saiklop Selangor   M(3)   TL: Selangor
• Erites angularis angularis — Angled Cyclops. Saiklop Burma   L,K,M(3)   TL: Tenasserim Burma
• Erites elegans distincta – Elegant Satyr.  Saiklop Segak   M(3) 
• Coelites epiminthia epiminthia — Blue Catseye. Matakucing Biru   L,K,M(3)   (or Straight-Banded Catseye: Ek-Amnuay. Blue: Kirton)
• Coelites euptychioides humilis — Purple-streaked Catseye. Matakucing Coret-ungu   K,M(3)   (Restricted Catseye: Ek-Amnuay. Purple-streaked: Kirton)
• Ragadia crisilda critolina – White-striped Ringlet. Gelung Belang-putih   K  
• Ragadia critolaus – Zebra Ringlet. Gelung Zebra   M(3,4)   (Not in C&P4)
• Ragadia makuta siponta — Striped Ringlet. Gelung Belang.   K,M(3,4)  (or Brown-banded: Kirton)
• Ypthima huebneri—Common Four-ring. Bulatan Empat   L,K,M(2,3),S   Ypthima: Bulatan Group
• *Ypthima philomela philomela – Baby Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Bayi   (Species of questionable records)
• Ypthima fasciata torone — Malayan Six-ring. Bulatan Enam Malaya   K,M(3,4),S
• Ypthima newboldi—Common Five-ring. Bulatan Lima   L,K,M(2,3),S  (Y, baldus newboldi in C&P4)
• Ypthima horsfieldii humei — Malayan Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Ypthima savara tonkiniana — Pallid Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Pucat   M(3,4) 
• Ypthima dohertyi mossmani — Great Five-ring. Bulatan Lima Besar   M(4)
• Ypthima pandocus corticaria — Common Three-ring. Bulatan Tiga    M(2,3,4),S
• Ypthima pandocus tahanensis – Common Three-ring. Bulatan Tiga   Gunung Tahan(4)
• Faunis canens arcesilas—Common Faun. Dewa   L,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Faunis, Melanocyma: Dewa Group
• Faunis kirata – Broad Striped Faun. Dewa Belang-lebar   K,M(3)   
• Faunis gracilis – Narrow Striped Faun. Dewa Belang-sempit   M(3,4)
• Melanocyma faunula faunula—Pallid Faun. Dewa Pucat   K,M(3,4)
• Taenaris horsfieldii birchi – Silky Owl. Mata-mata    Johore(3),Pahang   (or Big-Eyed Jungle Lady: both names from Wikipedia.)
• Amathusia phidippus phidippus—Palmking. Rajapalma   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Amathusia friderici holmanhunti – Bicolor-haired Palmking. Rajapalma Semenanjung  M(2,3,4)   TL: Perak
• Amathusia binghami – Rajapalma Pulau-pinang   M(3)   TL: Pulau Pinang
• Amathusia perakana perakana – Perak Palmking. Rajapalma Perak   M(3,4)  TL: Larut
• Amathusia schoenbergi schoenbergi – Scalling Palmking. Rajapalma Sisik   M(3,4)
• Amathusia ochraceofusca ochraceofusca — Pale-haired Palmking. Rajapalma Bulu-pucat   M(3)
• Amathusia masina malaya – Rusty Palmking. Rajapalma Karat   L,M(3)
• Amathuxidia amythaon dilucida—Koh-I-Noor. Koh-I-Noor   L,K,M(3,4)
• Zeuxidia amethystus amethystus—Saturn. Zuhal    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Zeuxidia doubledayi doubledayi – Scarce Saturn. Zuhal Jarang    M(3,4)  
• Zeuxidia aurelius aurelius—Giant Saturn. Zuhal Gergasi   M(3,4)   (Or Great Saturn  by Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew; Giant by ButterflyCircle)
• Thaumantis noureddin noureddin—Dark Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Gelap  M(2,3),S   (or Chocolate Jungle Glory: Ek-Amnuay. Dark JG: Kirton)
• Thaumantis odana pishuna – Malayan Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Malaya   K,M(3,4)
• Thaumantis klugius lucipor—Dark Blue Jungle Glory. Semarak Rimba Biru-gelap    L,K,M(3),S   (or Dark Jungle Glory: Ek-Amnuay. DBJG: Kirton)
• Thauria aliris pseudaliris—Tufted Jungle King. Rajarimba    K,M(3,4)
• Discophora sondaica despoliata—Common Duffer. Pandir   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Discophora timora perakensis—Great Duffer. Pandir Besar   K,M(2,3,4)
• Discophora necho engamon — Blue Duffer. Pandir Biru   M(3)
• Enispe duranius corbeti – Red Caliph. Khalifah Merah.  K,M(3,4)   (E. intermedia corbetti in C&P4)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Heliconiinae    Old Malay Society-themed groups

• Acraea terpsicore—Tawny Coster. Penghijrah    L,K,M(2),S   (To some, terpsicore=violae, to others, separate.)
• Cethosia biblis perakana—Red Lacewing. Marhaen Merah   M(2,3,4),T
• Cethosia biblis pemanggilensis—Red Lacewing. Marhaen Merah.   A,P
• Cethosia hypsea hypsina—Malay Lacewing. Marhaen Melayu   M(2,3,4),S  (or Malayan Lacewing: Kirton; Malay:  C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle.)
• Cethosia hypsea elioti – Malay Lacewing. Marhaen Melayu   T,A  (or Malayan Lacewing. Malay: C&P, Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle; Malayan: Kirton)
• Cethosia methypsea methypsea – Orange Lacewing. Marhaen Oren.  L,K,M(3,4),S   (Replacing C. penthesilea methypsea in C&P4, Plain Lacewing.  Or Northern Orange Lacewing: Kirton. Orange Lacewing: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Cethosia cyane — Leopard Lacewing. Marhaen Rimaubintang   L,K,M(2),S   (Relatively recent arrival to PM from Thailand)  
• Dryas iulia near moderata – Julia Heliconian. Kelana Julia   L,M(2)Selangor   (Or Julia Butterfly. Recent arrival from Thailand, originally the Americas, not in C&P4. In Langkawi 2009, Selangor 2014)
• Argynnis hyperbius sumatrensis—Indian Fritillary. Kembara India    M(4) Cameron Highlands only?   (Genus Argyreus used by Ek-Amnuay) 
• Cupha erymanthis lotis—Rustic. Desa   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Cupha erymanthis tiomana – Rustic. Desa   T,A  
• Phalanta phalantha phalantha—Leopard. Hulubalang    L,M(2),T,A,S   Note: My photograph was taken in Perlis, 2/6/2013, i.e., distribution is L,K,M(2),T,A,S  
• Phalanta alcippe alcesta—Small Leopard.  Hulubalang Kecil   K,M(3,4)
• Phalanta alcippe tiomana – Small Leopard. Hulubalang Kecil  T 
• Phalanta alcippe aurica – Small Leopard. Hulubalang Kecil   A
• Vagrans egista macromalayana—Vagrant. Perantau   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   (Kirton calls it V. sinha macromalayana; Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi, ButterflyCircle, V. s. sinha.)
• Algia fasciata fasciata—Little Banded Yeoman. Dukun   L,K,M(3,4),T,A   (Algia: Y.Inayoshi, Savela; Paduca: C&P4, Ek-Amnuay)  
• Cirrochroa tyche rotundata—Common Yeoman. Bentara   L,K,M(2,3,4),S     Cirrochroa: Bentara Group
• Cirrochroa tyche aurica – Common Yeoman. Bentara   T,A,P 
• Cirrochroa surya siamensis – Little Yeoman. Bentara Kecil    L,K
• Cirrochroa emalea emalea—Malay Yeoman. Bentara Melayu    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Cirrochroa malaya malaya – Bentara Malaya   M(3,4)
• Cirrochroa satellita satellita – Satellite Yeoman. Bentara Jarang   M(3,4)  
• Cirrochroa orissa orissa—Banded Yeoman. Bentara Jalur   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Vindula erota erota— Cruiser. Peronda   K,L  (Cruiser: C&P5, Kirton. Common Cruiser: Ek-Amnuay)
• Vindula erota chersonesia – Cruiser. Peronda   M(3,4) 
• Vindula dejone erotella — Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   K,M(2,3,4),S   (Or Malay or Malayan Cruiser or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: ButterflyCircle, Kirton)
• Vindula dejone tiomana – Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   T   (Or Malay or Malayan Cruiser or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Vindula dejone rafflesi — Lesser Cruiser. Peronda Kecil   A   (or Malay or Malayan Cruiser. Or Cruiser. Malayan: Ek-Amnuay. Lesser: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Terinos terpander robertsia—Royal Assyrian. Nujum Diraja    L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Terinos terpander tiomanensis – Royal Assyrian. Nujum Diraja   T,A   (T. clarissa aurensis in C&P4 recorded for Aur Is. has been dropped in C&P5)
• Terinos clarissa malayana—Malayan Assyrian. Nujum Malaya  L,K,M(3)   (In C&P4, T. c. malayanus)
• Terinos clarissa aurensis – Malayan Assyrian. Nujum Malaya    A
• Terinos atlita teuthras—Large Assyrian. Nujum Besar   L,M(3)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Biblidinae    Jarak/Castor Subfamily

• Ariadne ariadne ariadne—Angled Castor. Jarak Sudut   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Ariadne merione ginosa—Common Castor. Jarak   K,M(3,4)
• Ariadne specularia arca – Banded Castor. Jarak Jalur   L
• Ariadne isaeus isaeus — Malay Castor. Jarak Melayu   M(3,4)   (Or Lesser Angled by NL Liew, Malayan by Ek-Amnuay, Malay by ButterflyCircle)
• Laringa castelnaui castelnaui – Blue Dandy. Jarak Peraga Biru   K,M(3,4),T    Laringa: Jarak Peraga Group

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Nymphalinae    Beauty, Leaf-themed Groups

• Junonia iphita horsfieldi—Chocolate Soldier. Pesolek Askar Coklat   L,K,M(2,3,4)   Junonia: Pesolek Group
• Junonia hedonia ida—Chocolate Pansy. Pesolek Coklat   Johore,S   (Note: From experience, easily available now, 2023, in Selangor-Kuala Lumpur. My first record in KL, 2013. And Raub, by NL Liew, 2014)
• Junonia hedonia seitzi – Chocolate Pansy. Pesolek Coklat   T,A
• Junonia atlites atlites—Grey Pansy. Pesolek Kelabu   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Junonia almana javana—Peacock Pansy. Pesolek Merak   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Junonia lemonias lemonias—Lemon Pansy. Pesolek Lemon   L,K,M(2,3)
• Junonia orithya wallacei—Blue Pansy. Pesolek Biru   L,K,M(2),S
• Junonia hierta hierta—Yellow Pansy. Pesolek Kuning   L,K
• Yoma sabina vasuki –  Lurcher. Pencurihati    L,Perak
• Hypolimnas anomala anomala—Malayan Eggfly. Pemikat Malaya   L,M(3),T,A,S
• Hypolimnas misippus misippus—Danaid Eggfly. Pemikat Menawan    L,K,M(2,4),T,S
• Hypolimnas bolina bolina—Great Eggfly.  Pemikat Besar   L,M(1,2),T,S
• Hypolimnas bolina jacintha — Great Eggfly. Pemikat Besar   L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S  
• Vanessa cardui — Painted Lady. Pedandan Bersolek.  M(3,4),S    Mainly, C.Highlands.   Vanessa, Kaniska:  Pedandan Group
• Vanessa indica indica — Indian Red Admiral. Pedandan Merah India.   S
• Kaniska canace perakana—Blue Admiral. Pedandan Biru   M(4)
• Symbrenthia lilaea luciana—Common Jester. Segak   M(3,4)
• Symbrenthia hippoclus selangorana – Malayan Jester.  Segak Malaya   M(3),S  (Or Peninsular Jester: Ek_Amnuay. Malayan: ButterflyCircle)
• Symbrenthia hypselis sinis – Himalayan Jester. Segak Himalaya   M(3,4)    (S.h. sinis=S.h. cotanda: Y.Inayoshi)
• Symbrenthia hypatia chersonesia – Intricate Jester.  Segak Seni   M(3,4) 
• Kallima limborgii amplirufa—Leaf Butterfly. Daun    K,M(2,3,4)  
• Rhinopalpa polynice eudoxia—Wizard. Anggun    L,K,M(3,4)  
• Doleschallia bisaltide pratipa—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S   
• Doleschallia bisaltide continentalis—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   L   (continentalis=siamensis)
• Doleschallia bisaltide ?bisaltide var—Autumn Leaf. Daun-luruh   Selangor,S

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Cyrestinae     Peta/Map Subfamily

• Cyrestis themire themire – Little Map. Peta Kecil   L,K,M(2,4)   Cyrestis: Peta Group
• Cyrestis themire siamensis – Little Map. Peta Kecil   Perhentian Is.
• Cyrestis themire robinsoni – Little Map. Peta Kecil   T
• Cyrestis themire pemanggilensis – Little Map. Peta Kecil   A,P
• Cyrestis cocles earli – Marbled Map. Peta Marmar   L,K,M(3)
• Cyrestis nivea nivalis – Straight Line Map. Peta Baris-lurus   K,M(3)  (Or Straight Line Map-wing: Savela. Straight Line Map: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Cyrestis nivea pigmentosa – Straight Line Map. Peta Baris-lurus   T  (Or Straight Line Map-wing: Savela. Straight Line Map: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Cyrestis maenalis martini—Common Mapwing. Peta   M(3,4)   (Note: Common Map is C. thyodamas, in the Indian sub-continent and others.)
• Chersonesia risa risa – Common Maplet. Peta Kenit Assam    K,M(3,4)
• Chersonesia rahria rahria—Wavy Maplet. Peta Kenit Beralun   K,M(3,4),A   (Wavy Maplet: C&P5. Greater WM, Kirton)
• Chersonesia rahria tiomana—Wavy Maplet. Peta Kenit Beralun   T   (Not in C&P4)
• Chersonesia intermedia intermedia–Intermediate Maplet. Peta Kenit Tengahan   M(2,3,4)
• Chersonesia nicevillei – Peta Kenit Jarang    M(3)
• Chersonesia peraka peraka—Rounded Maplet. Peta Kenit Bulat   M(3,4),S   (Or Little Maplet by NL Liew. Rounded the original name, see ButterflyCircle. Rounded too by Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Limenitidinae     Military and Nobility Groups

• Neptis duryodana nesia — Malayan Sailor. Pelayar Malaya   M(3),T   (Sailer in Kirton; Sailor in C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, and ButterflyCircle)   Neptis, Phaedyma: Pelayar Group
• Neptis clinia leuconata – Clear Sailor. Pelayar Jelas   L,K,M(3)
• Neptis clinioides gunongensis – Pelayar Gunong   M(3,4) 
• Neptis sedata – Scarce Dark Sailor. Pelayar Gelap Jarang    M(3,4)
• Neptis hylas papaja—Common Sailor. Pelayar   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Neptis soma pendleburyi – Sullied Sailor. Pelayar Tercemar   M(4)   (or Cream-spotted Sailor: Ek-Amnuay. Sullied: Wikipedia, NL Liew)
• Neptis nata gononata – Sullied Brown Sailor. Pelayar Perang Tercemar   K,M(3,4)
• Neptis leucoporos cresina—Burmese Sailor. Pelayar Burma   L,M(3),S   (Or previously, Grey Sailor. See Butterflycircle)
• Neptis omeroda omeroda – Dingy Sailor. Pelayar Comot   L,K,M(3,4)
• Neptis harita harita—Chocolate Sailor. Pelayar Coklat   L,K,M(3,4),T,S
• Neptis ilira cindia – Dark Dingy Sailor. Pelayar Comot Gelap   M(3),T
• Neptis miah batara – Small Yellow Sailor. Pelayar Kuning    L,M(3,4)
• Neptis sankara peninsularis – Broad-banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-lebar   M(4)
• Neptis magadha charon — Spotted Sailor. Pelayar Tompok   M(3,4)
• Neptis anjana hyria – Rich Sailor. Pelayar Mewah   M(4)
• Phaedyma columella singa—Short-Banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-pendek   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Phaedyma columella parvimacula—Short-banded Sailor. Pelayar Jalur-pendek   T
• Lasippa heliodore dorelia—Burmese Lascar. Laskar Burma   L,K,M(2,3,4),S    Lasippa, Pantoporia: Laskar Group
• Lasippa tiga camboja – Malayan Lascar. Laskar Malaya.   L   
• Lasippa tiga siaka—Malayan Lascar. Laskar Malaya   K,M(2,3,4),S   (Malayan: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew, ButterflyCircle. Others, eg, Savella: Burmese Lascar. For Ek-Amnuay, Burmese is L. heliodore, see above)
• Lasippa monata monata — Tiger Lascar. Laskar Rimau   L,K,M(3)   (Tiger: Ek-Amnuay)
• Pantoporia hordonia hordonia—Common Lascar. Laskar    L,K,M(3),S
• Pantoporia sandaka sandaka – Broad-Striped Lascar. Laskar Belang-lebar   L,K,M(3,4)   (Broad-Striped: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle. Tiger: NL Liew)
• Pantoporia paraka paraka—Perak Lascar. Laskar Perak   L,K,M(1,2,3),S
• Pantoporia dindinga – Greyline Lascar. Laskar Bariskelabu    K,M(3,4)
• Pantoporia aurelia aurelia – Baby Lascar. Laskar Kecil    K,M(3,4)
• Lebadea martha martha – Knight. Satria   L,K  
• Lebadea martha malayana – Knight. Satria   K,M(3),T,S
• Lebadea martha parkeri – Knight. Satria   S
• Athyma pravara helma—Lance Sergeant. Sarjan Pemangku   K,M(3,4),S   Athyma: Sarjan Group  
• Athyma perius perius—Common Sergeant. Sarjan   L,K,M(2,3)
• Athyma asura idita—Studded Sergeant. Sarjan Bertatah   M(3),S
• Athyma larymna siamensis – Great Sergeant. Sarjan Besar   M(3,4)
• Athyma kanwa kanwa—Dot-dash Sergeant. Sarjan Titik-sempang    L,M(3,4),S
• Athyma reta moorei—Malay Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf Melayu   L,M(3),S
• Athyma selenophora selenophora – Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf   L   (Note: Odd distribution. It’s not recorded in Thailand. Savella puts its range as Sikkim, Bhutan, and ?South India)
• Athyma selenophora amharina—Staff Sergeant. Sarjan Staf    M(3,4)
• Athyma cama gynea – Orange Staff Sergeant.  Sarjan Staf Oren   M(3,4)   (gynae=cardoni)
• Athyma nefte subrata—Colour Sergeant. Sarjan Warna   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S
• Athyma matanga—Lesser Cell-streaked Sergeant. Sarjan Coret-sel Kecil   M(3,4)   (A. ranga malaya in C&P4)
• Athyma clerica clerica — Strange Sergeant. Sarjan Pelik   L,M(3,4)   (Replaces A. abiasa clerica in C&P4)
• Athyma sinope sinope — Colonel. Sarjan Kuning   M(3,4),S  (Replaces Pandita sinope sinope in C&P4)
• Athyma daraxa theoda – Green Commodore. Sarjan Komodor Hijau   M(4)   (Replaces Sumalia daraxa theoda in C&P4)
• Athyma agneya – Malayan Commodore. Sarjan Komodor Malaya   M(4)   (Replaces Sumalia agneya in C&P4)  
• Moduza procris procris – Commander. Komander   L,K  
• Moduza procris milonia—Commander. Komander   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Moduza procris tioma – Commander. Komander.  T,A,P 
• Parthenos sylvia lilacinus—Clipper. Jeneral   L,K,M(2,3),P,S
• Tanaecia pelea pelea—Malay Viscount. Orangkaya Melayu     M(3,4),S    Tanaecia: Orangkaya Group
• Tanaecia pelea irenae – Malay Viscount. Orangkaya Melayu   T
• Tanaecia palguna consanguinea — Long-lined Viscount. Orangkaya Baris-panjang   M(3)
• Tanaecia heringi regalis – Orangkaya Jarang   M(3)   (T. coelebs, in C&P4)
• Tanaecia clathrata violaria – Violet-bordered Viscount. Orangkaya Sempadan-lembayung    K,M(3)
• Tanaecia munda waterstradti – Peninsular Viscount. Orangkaya Semenanjung   M(3)
• Tanaecia aruna aruna — Short-banded Viscount. Orangkaya Jalur-pendek   L,K,M(3)
• Tanaecia julii xiphiones – Common Earl. Orangkaya Raden   L   (Note: NL Liew reports it as the “commonest” butterfly up the trail on Gunung Jerai, Kedah)
• Tanaecia julii bougainvillei—Common Earl. Orangkaya Raden   K,M(3,4),Perhentian Is.
• Tanaecia flora flora – Blue Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Biru   K,Perak   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia flora andersonii – Blue Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Biru.   L,K   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia lepidea matala – Grey Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Kelabu   M(4)
•  Tanaecia cocytus cocytus – Lavender Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Harum   L  (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia godartii picturatus – Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu   L,K   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi.  Kedawi endemic? It’s not in Thailand. Savela has no distribution for it.)
• Tanaecia godartii asoka — Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu   M(3,4)   (Tanaecia used by C&P5, Savela; Cynitia by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi)
• Tanaecia godartii puloa —  Malay Count. Orangkaya Temenggong Melayu. S  (Now extinct in Singapore: C&P5)
• Tanaecia iapis puseda — Horsfield’s Baron. Orangkaya Biru   K,M(3,4),S   (Cynitia cocytina puseda used by Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi; T. c. puseda by Savela)
• Euthalia monina monina—Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   K,M(3,4),S    Euthalia: Pengiran Group
• Euthalia monina insularis – Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   T
• Euthalia monina varius — Malay Baron. Pengiran Melayu   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia aconthea garuda – Baron. Pengiran   L   (Or Common Baron. Odd distribution – not in peninsula but upper Thailand)
• Euthalia aconthea gurda— Baron. Pengiran    K,M(2,3),T,S.   (or Common, or Mango Baron?)
• Euthalia alpheda langkawica – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   L,K  
• Euthalia alpheda yamuna – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   M(3)
• Euthalia alpheda tiomana – Streaked Baron. Pengiran Coret   T   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia merta merta—Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap   M(3,4),S   (Or White-tipped Baron: ButterflyCircle, NL Liew. Dark-male: Ek-Amnuay)
• Euthalia merta milleri – Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap   L
• Euthalia merta tioma – Dark-male Baron. Pengiran Jantan-gelap    T
• Euthalia eriphylae raya – White-tipped Baron. Pengiran Ujung-putih   L
• Euthalia eriphylae elioti – White-tipped Baron. Pengiran Ujung-putih   M(3,4)   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia mahadeva kimurai – Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Euthalia mahadeva zichrina – Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru   K,M(3,4)
• Euthalia kanda marana – Yellow Baron. Pengiran Kuning   L,M(3)
• Euthalia phemius phemius — White-edged Blue Baron. Pengiran Biru Tepian-putih   L,K,M(3,4)   (E. ipona in C&P4. Odd distribution from Y.Inayoshi’s map: not in peninsula Thailand but up north)
• Euthalia tinna paupera – Peninsular Baron. Pengiran Semenanjung   M(4)   (E. agnis paupera, C&P4)
• Euthalia agnis hiyamai — Hiyama’s Baron. Pengiran Cameron-highland   M(4)
• Euthalia anosia bunaya – Grey Baron. Pengiran Kelabu   M(3)
• Euthalia djata siamica – Red-spot Baron. Pengiran Tompok-merah   L
• Euthalia djata rubidifascia – Red-spot Baron. Pengiran Tompok-merah   M(3)
• Euthalia lubentina chersonesia –Common Gaudy Baron. Pengiran Menawan   L,M(2,3,4)   (E. l. lubentina in C&P4)
• Euthalia malaccana malaccana – Malay Red Baron. Pengiran Merah   M(3,4)   (Or Fruhstorfer’s Baron or Malay Baron: NL Liew. Malay Red Baron: Ek-Amnuay)
• Euthalia adonia beata – Green Baron. Pengiran Hijau.  L  (Or White-banded: Ek-Amnuay. Green: Kirton.)
• Euthalia adonia pinwilli—Green Baron. Pengiran Hijau   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Euthalia whiteheadi mariae – Tri-coloured Baron. Pengiran Tiga-warna   M(4)
• Dophla evelina compta—Red-spot Duke. Adipati Tompok-merah   L,K,M(3),T
• Bassarona teuta rayana – Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   L   (Euthalia t. rayana by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona teuta goodrichi—Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   K,(M3)   (Euthalia t. goodrichi by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona teuta tiomanica – Banded Marquis. Orangbesar Jalur   T
• Bassarona recta monilis—Red-spot Marquis. Orangbesar Tompok-merah   L,K,Perak   (=Euthalia r. monilis by Y.Inayoshi)
• Bassarona dunya dunya—Great Marquis. Orangbesar Raya   L,K,M(3)   (Euthalia d. dunya by Y.Inayoshi)
• Lexias dirtea merguia—Dark Archduke. Bangsawan Gelap   L,M(3,4),S   (Or Black-tipped Archduke: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew. Dark: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Lexias dirtea iwasakii – Dark Archduke. Bangsawan Gelap   T   (Or Black-tipped Archduke: Ek-Amnuay, NL Liew. Dark: Kirton, ButterflyCircle)
• Lexias pardalis dirteana—Archduke. Bangsawan   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Lexias cyanipardus sandakana—Great Archduke. Bangsawan Besar   M(3)   (L. bangkana johorensis by Ek-Amnuay)
• Lexias canescens pardalina — Yellow Archduke. Bangsawan Kuning   K,M(3),S

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Pseudergolinae    Ninja Subfamily

• *Amnosia decora perakana – Ninja. Ninja   (Species of questionable records)
• Stibochiona nicea subucula – Popinjay. Ninja Bongkak   M(3,4)   
• Dichorragia nesimachus deiokes—Constable. Ninja Konstabel   M(3,4)

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Apaturinae   Royal Household Groups

• Rohana parisatis siamensis – Black Prince. Putera   M(3,4)
• Eulaceura osteria kumana—Elegant Emperor. Maharaja    M(3,4),S   (Or Purple Duke: ButerflyCircle 2007 but revised to Elegant Emperor 2015)
• Eulaceura osteria yukiyai—Elegant Emperor. Maharaja   L   (Not in C&P4)
• Herona marathus angustata—Yellow Pasha. Sultan Kuning   L,K
• Herona sumatrana dusuntua – White Pasha. Sultan Putih   M(3)
• Euripus nyctelius euploeoides—Courtesan. Permaisuri   L,M(3),S
• Sephisa chandra stubbsi – Eastern Courtier. Maharani    M(4)
• Hestina mimetica ruvanella – Circe. Puteri   M(3,4)

Family: Nymphalidae    SubFamily: Charaxinae    Indian Noblity Groups

• Prothoe franck uniformis—Blue Begum. Begum Biru   L,K,M(3)   Prothoe, Agatasa: Begum Group
• Agatasa calydonia calydonia—Glorious Begum. Begum Gemilang   K,M(3)
• Charaxes athamas athamas—Common Nawab. Nawab   L,K,M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. a. athamas in C&P4)   Charaxes: Nawab Group
• Charaxes athamas uraeus – Common Nawab. Nawab   L,K,M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. a. uraeus in C&P4)
• Charaxes moori moori – Malayan Nawab. Nawab Malaya   L,M(3),S   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. m. moori in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe chersonesus – Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   M(3)   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.  C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. chersonesus in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe plautus— Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   Johore,S   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.  C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. plautus in C&P4)
• Charaxes hebe takizawai – Southern Nawab. Nawab Selatan   T,A   (Or Plain Nawab: ButterflyCircle. Southern: Ek-Amnuay.   C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda. P. h. takizawai in C&P4)
• Charaxes jalysus jalysus – Indian Yellow Nawab. Nawab Kuning India   M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. j. jalysus in C&P4)
• Charaxes eudamippus peninsularis – Great Nawab. Nawab Besar   M(3,4)   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. e. peninsularis in C&P4)
• Charaxes delphis concha—Jewelled Nawab. Nawab Permata   L,K,M(3,4)   (Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. d. concha in C&P4)  
• Charaxes schreiber tisamenus—Blue Nawab. Nawab Biru   L,M(3,4),S   (C&P5: Charaxes=Polyura=Murwareda.  P. s. tisamenus in C&P4)
• Charaxes echo echo—Black Rajah. Nawab Rajah Hitam   L,M(3),S   (C. solon echo in C&P4)
• Charaxes bernardus crepax—Tawny Rajah. Nawab Rajah Jingga   L,K,M(3,4)
• *Charaxes marmax philosarcus—Yellow Rajah. Nawab Rajah Kuning   (Species of questionable records)
• Charaxes harmodius maruyamai – Double Eye-spotted Rajah. Nawab Rajah Malaya   M(3)
• Charaxes distanti distanti – Malay Rajah. Nawab Rajah Melayu   M(3,4)
• Charaxes borneensis praestantius – White Banded Rajah. Nawab Rajah Jalur-putih   K,M(3,4)
• Charaxes durnfordi durnfordi – Chestnut Rajah. Nawab Rajah Perang    M(3)

Family: Nymphalidae     SubFamily: Libytheinae    Paruh Subfamily

• Libythea narina – Whitespotted Beak. Paruh Tompok-putih.   L   (L. n. rohini in C&P4)
• Libythea myrrha hecura – Club Beak. Paruh Belantan   M(3,4)  

Family: Riodinidae

Family: Riodinidae   Subfamily: Nemeobiinae      Comedy-themed Groups

• Zemeros flegyas allica—Common Punchinello. Pelawak   L
• Zemeros flegyas albipunctatus—Punchinello. Pelawak   M(2,3,4),S
• Zemeros emesoides emesoides – Malay Punchinello. Pelawak Melayu   L,K,M(2,3),T
• Dodona eugenes chaseni – Tailed Punch. Sattar Ekor   Gunung Tahan(4)  
• Dodona egeon confluens—Orange Punch. Sattar Oren   M(4)
• Dodona deodata anu – White Punch. Sattar Putih   M(3,4),Johore   (or Broad-banded Punch. White: Ek-Amnuay)
• Stiboges nymphidia nymphidia – Columbine. Kekasih Badut   L,K,M(3,4)
• Abisara kausambi kausambi – Straight Plum Judy. Joyah Lurus   L,M(3) 
• Abisara geza niya – Spotted Judy. Joyah Tompok   M(2,3),S
• Abisara saturata kausambioides—Malayan Plum Judy.   Joyah Malaya   L,K,M(2,3,4),S   
• Abisara neophron chelina – Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor   M(4)   (Or Malayan Plum Judy: NL Liew. Tailed Judy: Ek-Amnuay, Butterflycircle.   Or Archigenes n. chelina: Y.Inayoshi)
• Abisara savitri savitri—Malay Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor Melayu   L,M(2,3,4),T?,S   (Or Archigenes s. savitri: Y.Inayoshi)
• Abisara savitri albistictica—Malay Tailed Judy. Joyah Ekor Melayu   L   (Not in C&P4.  Or Archigenes s. albistictica: Y.Inayoshi)
• Paralaxita damajanti damajanti—Malay Red Harlequin. Badut Merah Melayu  K,M(3,4)   Paralaxita, Laxita, Taxila: Badut Group
• Paralaxita telesia lyclene—Common Red Harlequin. Badut Merah   K,M(3,4)
• Paralaxita orphna laocoon—Banded Harlequin. Badut Jalur   K,M(3,4)
• Laxita thuisto thuisto—Lesser Harlequin. Badut Kecil   L,K,M(3),S
• Taxila haquinus haquinus—Harlequin. Badut   L,K,M(3,4),S

Family: Lycaenidae

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Poritiinae    Batu Permata/Gems Groups

• Cyaniriodes libna andersonii—Emerald. Zamrud   L,M(3)
• Poritia philota philota – Malayan Gem. Jauhari Malaya   M(3,4),S   (or Malay Gem: Ek-Amnuay. Malayan: ButterflyCircle)
• Poritia erycinoides phraatica – Blue Gem. Jauhari Biru   L,M(3,4),T
• Poritia sumatrae sumatrae—Sumatran Gem. Jauhari Sumatra   M(3),S
• Poritia phama regia – Jauhari Kinabalu   L    TL: Kinabalu
• Poritia phama rajata – Jauhari Kinabalu   K,M(3,4)
• Poritia pleurata – Green Gem. Jauhari Hijau   M(3)
• Poritia ibrahimi – Jauhari Rantau-abang   M(3)   (Not in C&P4. New species, Eliot and Kirton 2000.  Endemic: C&P5)
• Poritia manilia manilia –Bicolored Gem. Jauhari Dwiwarna   M(3)
• Poritia manilia evansi – Bicolored Gem. Jauhari Dwiwarna   L,Kelantan
• Poritia promula elegans – Jauhari Segak   M(3,4)
• Poritia hewitsoni taleva – Common Gem. Jauhari   L,K,M(3)
• Simiskina phalena phalena – Broad-banded Brilliant. Berlian Jalur-lebar   M(3,4)
• Simiskina pheretia pheretia – Streaked Blue Brilliant. Berlian Bercoret-biru   M(3,4)
• Simiskina pharyge deolina—Blue-line Brilliant. Berlian Baris-biru   L,M(3,4)
• Simiskina pasira – Green-blue Brilliant. Berlian Hijau-biru   L,K,M(3)
• Simiskina proxima dohertyi — Silver-blue Brilliant. Berlian Perak-biru   L,M(3,4)
• Simiskina phalia potina – Blue Brilliant. Berlian Biru   M(3)
• Simiskina pediada – Mixture Blue Brilliant. Berlian Biru Campuran   L,M(3)
• Simiskina sibatika – Berlian Sabah   M(3)
• Simiskina pavonica – Berlian Sumatra   M(3)
• Simiskina philura elioti – Berlian Semenanjung   M(3)
• Deramas livens livens – Common Bluejohn. Biruflorit   L,K,M(3)   Deramas: Biruflorit Group
• Deramas alixae – Biruflorit Selangor   M(3)
• Deramas nelvis nelvis – Biruflorit Jarang   M(3)
• Deramas nolens pasteuri — Orange-crowned Bluejohn. Biruflorit Mahkota-oren   M(4)
• Deramas jasoda jasoda – Silver-marked Bluejohn. Biruflorit Bertanda-perak   L
• Deramas jasoda bradamante – Silver-marked Bluejohn. Biruflorit Bertanda-perak   M(3)
• Deramas anyx – Biruflorit Bukit-kutu   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Deramas antynax – Biruflorit Sabah   M(3)
• Deramas arshadorum – Biruflorit Kecil   M(3)   (Smallest of the genus: C&P5. Endemic: C&P5)
• Deramas basrii – Biruflorit Terengganu   M(3)   (Found in Terengganu: C&P5. Endemic: C&P5)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Miletinae       Wing colour-themed Groups

• Liphyra brassolis abbreviata—Moth Butterfly. Sayapbelang   M(2,3),S
• Miletus chinensis learchus—Common Brownie. Sayapcoklat   L,K,Kelantan,North Perak   Miletus: Sayapcoklat Group
• Miletus gaesa gaesa – Brown Brownie. Sayapcoklat Perang   L,M(3,4)
• Miletus nymphis fictus – Square-band Brownie. Sayapcoklat Jalur-segiempat   M(3,4)
• Miletus gopara gopara – Round-band Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Jalur-bulat   M(3),T
• Miletus valeus – Sayapcoklat Selangor   M(3,4)
• Miletus biggsii biggsii—Bigg’s Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Semenanjung   L,M(2,3,4),T,S   (or Bigg’s Brownie: ButterflyCircle, Ek-Amnuay. Brownwing: C&P5)
• Miletus symethus petronius – Great Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Besar   L,M(3),S   (Or Blue Brownie: ButterflyCircle. Brownwing: C&P5, Kirton)
• Miletus symethus solitarius – Great Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Besar   T
• Miletus gigantes — Giant Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Gergasi   K,M,(3,4)
• Miletus gallus gallus – Extended Brownwing. Sayapcoklat Lebar    M(3)
• Miletus heracleion heracleion – Sayapcoklat Perak   M(3)
• Allotinus fallax apus – White Darkwing. Sayapgelap Putih   M(3,4)   (Darkwing or Darkie. Darkwing: C&P5, Kirton, ButterflyCircle; Darkie: C&P4, Ek-Amnuay)
• Allotinus albifasciatus – Sayapgelap Toba   M(3,4)
• Allotinus subviolaceus subviolaceus – Blue Darkwing. Sayapgelap Biru   L,M(3),T
• Allotinus fabius arrius – Angled Darkwing. Sayapgelap Sudut   M(3)
• Allotinus sarrastes – Peninsular Darkwing. Sayapgelap Semenanjung   L,K,M(3)
• Allotinus portunus maitus – Sayapgelap Sumatra   M(3,4)
• Allotinus strigatus malayanus – Small Malayan Darkwing. Sayapgelap Malaya    L,M(3),T
• Allotinus borneensis – Sayapgelap Borneo   M(3,4)
• Allotinus substrigosus substrigosus – Lesser Darkwing. Sayapgelap Kecil   M(3,4)   (ButterflyCircle, Kirton, Nl Liew call A. unicolor as Lesser Darkwing. Name here by Ek-Amnuay)
• Allotinus davidis – Short-branded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Tanda-pendek  M(3)
• Allotinus unicolor unicolor—Unicoloured Darkwing. Sayapgelap Sewarna   L,K,M(2,3),T,S   (Note: see A. s. substrigosus above on common name)
• Allotinus horsfieldi permagnus – Common Darkwing. Sayapgelap   L,K,M(2,3),T
• Allotinus apries apries – Sayapgelap Kinabalu   M(3)
• Allotinus leogoron leogoron – Broad-branded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Tanda-lebar   L,M(3),T
• Allotinus corbeti – Rounded Darkwing. Sayapgelap Bulat    M(3)
• Logania malayica malayica – Malayan Mottle. Sayapbelak Malaya   M(3)
• Logania regina sriwa – Rounded Mottle. Sayapbelak Bulat   M(3)
• Logania marmorata damis — Pale Mottle. Sayapbelak Pucat   L,M(3),T,S
• Logania distanti massalia – Entire Mottle. Sayapbelak Sekata  M(3)
• Spalgis epius epius—Apefly. Sayappudar   L,M(2,3),S
• Spalgis epius near subsp nubilus – Apefly. Sayappudar   T   
• Taraka hamada mendesia—Forest Pierrot. Sayaptompok Rimba   M(3,4)   Taraka: Komik-rimba Group
• Taraka mahanetra — Lesser Pierrot.  Sayaptompok Kecil   M(3,4)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Curetinae      Sinarsuria/Sunbeam Subfamily

• Curetis bulis stigmata—Bright Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Terang   L,K,M(3,4)
• Curetis santana malayica —Malayan Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Malaya   M(3,4),T,A,S
• Curetis felderi – White-beaked Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Paruh-putih   M(3,4),A
• Curetis sperthis sperthis – Rounded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Bulat   L,K,M(3,4)
• Curetis sperthis kawazoei – Rounded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Bulat   T
• Curetis insularis – Narrow-banded Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Jalur-sempit   L,M(3)   (C. i pseudoinsularis in C&P4)
• Curetis freda – Parallel Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selari   M(3)
• Curetis tagalica jopa – Southern Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selatan   L,M(3),T
• Curetis tagalica labuana – Southern Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Selatan   L,T
• Curetis regula —Regular Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Sekata   M(3)
• Curetis saronis sumatrana—Sumatran Sunbeam. Sinarsuria Sumatra   M(1),S

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Lycaeninae    Nilam Subfamily

• Heliophorus epicles tweediei—Purple Sapphire. Nilam Ungu   M(3,4)
• Heliophorus ila malaya—Restricted Purple Sapphire. Nilam Ungu Jarang   M(4)

Family: Lycaenidae      SubFamily: Polyommatinae    Hitam-dan-putih and Biru Groups

• Castalius rosimon rosimon—Common Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur   L,K,M(2,3),T,?S   Castalius, Tarucus, Discolampa, Caleta: Itamputih-jalur Group
• Tarucus waterstradti vileja – Dark Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Gelap   M(3,4)  
• Discolampa ethion thalimar—Banded Blue Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Biru    L,K,M(2,3)
• Caleta roxus pothus—Straight Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Lurus   L,K,M(3)
• Caleta roxus rhodoides – Straight Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Lurus   T,A
• Caleta roxus pemanggilensis –  Straight Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Lurus   P  
• Caleta elna elvira—Elbowed Pierrot.  Itamputih-jalur Siku   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Caleta elna epeus – Elbowed Pierrot. Itamputih-jalur Siku   T  
• Everes lacturnus rileyi—Indian Cupid. Itamputih-asmara India   K,M(2,3),T,A,S   (Or E. l. lacturnus: Ek-Amnuay.   Everes used by C&P5, Y.Inayoshi, Ek-Amnuay; Cupido by Savela)
• Tongeia potanini glycon—Dark Cupid.  Itamputih-asmara Gelap   L,Perak,Kelantan
• Pithecops corvus corvus—Forest Quaker.  Itamputih-pendamai Rimba   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Pithecops fulgens fulgens – Blue Quaker. Itamputih-pendamai Biru   M(4)
• Lycaenopsis haraldus haraldus – Felder’s Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Raub    L,M(3,4)    Lycaenopsis, Neopithecops, Megisba, Oreolyce, Cebrella, Plautella, Callenya, Acytolepis, Udara, Celastrina, Celatoxia, Monodontides:  Biru-pepagar Group
• Neopithecops zalmora zalmora—Quaker. Biru-pepagar Pendamai    L,K,M(3),T,A,S   (Or Inornate Blue: Kirton; Quaker: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Megisba malaya sikkima—Malayan. Biru-pepagar Malaya    L,K,M(2,3),T,S   (or Malayan Pied Blue: Kirton; Malayan: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Oreolyce archena archena — Biru-pepagar Gunung   M(4)   (>1500m asl)
• Cebrella pellecebra pellecebra – Three-spotted Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Tompok-tiga   M(4)
• Cebrella pellecebra mouitoni – Three-spotted Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Tompok-tiga    M(3)
• Cebrella nigerrima kerionga—Biru-pepagar Pahang   M(3)  
• Plautella cossaea sonchus – Dark Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Gelap   M(3)
• Plautella cossaea parnbui – Dark Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Gelap   Central Range
• Callenya lenya lenya – Long-winged Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Sayap-panjang   M(3)
• Acytolepis puspa lambi—Common Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Acytolepis puspa volumnia – Common Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar   T,A,P
• Udara dilecta dilecta—Himalayan Pale Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pucat Himalaya   M(3,4),T
• Udara rona catius – Biru-pepagar Sumatra   M(4)
• Udara placidula irenae – Narrow-bordered Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Sempadan-sempit   M(3,4)
• Udara cyma cyma – Cyma Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Bentuk-S   L,M(3,4)
• Udara coalita briga – Biru-pepagar Malaya   M(4)
• Udara akasa catullus – White Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Putih   M(4)
• Udara camenae pendleburyi – Biru-pepagar Semenanjung-barat   M(4)
• Udara toxopeusi toxopeusi – Pale Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pucat   M(4)   (Or Udara dilecta dilecta by Ek-Amnuay. See above entry)
• *Udara aristinus klossi – Biru-pepagar Jawa  T   (Species of questionable records)
• Udara selma tanarata – Bicolored Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Dwiwarna   M(3,4)
• Udara albocaerulea scharffi—Albocerulean. Biru-pepagar Menawan   M(4)  (One of the most beautiful Malayan butterflies: C&P5)
• Celastrina lavendularis isabella—Plain Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Dataran  M(3,4)
• Celatoxia marginata splendens – Margined Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Pinggiran   M(4)
• Monodontides musina musina – Swinhoe’s Hedge Blue. Biru-pepagar Kelabu   M(4)   (Grey Hedge Blue: NL Liew)
• Zizina otis lampa—Lesser Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S   Zizina, Zizeeria, Zizula:  Biru-rumput Group
• Zizeeria karsandra—Dark Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Gelap   L,K,M(2),S
• Zizeeria maha serica—Pale Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Pucat   Raub(M2),S   (Not in C&P4)
• Zizula hylax pygmaea—Tiny Grass Blue. Biru-rumput Kecil   L,K,M(1,2,3)T,A,S   (Or Pygmy Grass Blue: ButterflyCircle; Tiny: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Chilades lajus tavoyanus—Lime Blue. Biru Limau   L,K    Chilades, Euchrysops, Catochrysops, Lampides: Biru Group
• Chilades pandava pandava—Cycad Blue. Biru Bogak  L,M(2,3),T,A,S   (Or Plains Cupid: Ek-Amnuay. Cycad: ButterflyCircle)
• Euchrysops cnejus cnejus—Gram Blue. Biru Kenit   L,K,M(2,3),A,S  
• Catochrysops strabo strabo—Forget-me-not. Biru Bunga India   L,M(2,3),T.S    Catochrysops: Biru Bunga Group
• Catochrysops panormus exiguus—Silver Forget-me-not. Biru Bunga Perak   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Lampides boeticus—Pea Blue. Biru Kacang   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Jamides bochus nabonassar—Dark Caerulean. Biruan Gelap   L.K.M(2,3,4),T,S   (Also spelled as Cerulean. Caerulean by C&P5.)   Jamides: Biruan Group
• Jamides celeno aelianus—Common Caerulean. Biruan   L,K,M(2,3,4).T,A,S
• Jamides pura pura — White Caerulean. Biruan Putih   M(3,4),T
• Jamides zebra lakatti – Zebra Caerulean. Biruan Zebra   M(3)
• Jamides malaccanus malaccanus—Malaccan Caerulean. Biruan Melaka   L,K,M(3),S
• Jamides malaccanus aurensis –  Malaccan Caerulean. Biruan Melaka   T,A
• Jamides yehi – Biruan Tapah   M(3)   (A single specimen described by JN Eliot. No other records. Note 155 Appendix E, C&P5.   Endemic: C&P5)
• Jamides parasaturatus paramalaccanus – Glassy Caerulean,  Biruan Kaca   L,K,M(3,4),T
• Jamides philatus subditus – Burmese Caerulean. Biruan Burma   L,M(2,3),T,A
• Jamides aratus adana – Biruan Tioman   T,A
• Jamides talinga – Lesser Caerulean. Biruan Kecil   L,M(3)
• Jamides caeruleus caeruleus—Royal Caerulean. Biruan Diraja   M(2,3,4),S   (Or Sky Blue: NL Liew. Royal: Ek-Amnuay)
• Jamides elpis pseudelpis—Glistening Caerulean. Biruan Gemerlapan   L,M(3,4),S
• Jamides alecto ageladas—Metallic Caerulean. Biruan Logam   K,M(3,4),S
• Jamides ferrari evansi – Ferrar’s Caerulean. Biruan Malaya   L,K,M(3,4)
• Jamides cunilda nisanca – Dusky Caerulean. Biruan Kelam   L,K,M(3),T,A,P   ( J. virgulatus nisanca in C&P4. It’s endemic to Borneo)
• Jamides abdul abdul – Abdul Caerulean. Biruan Sunda  M(3)    (Distubution: The peninsula, Bangka, Natuna)
• Jamides abdul pemanggilensis – Abdul Caerulean. Biruan Sunda   T,P 
• Jamides cyta minna – Bordered Caerulean. Biruan Bersempadan M(3,4)
• Nacaduba angusta kerriana—White Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Putih   L,K,M(3,4),S    Nacaduba: Biru-baris Group
• Nacaduba pactolus odon—Large Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Besar   M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Nacaduba pendleburyi pendleburyi—Malayan Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Malaya   M(3,4)
• Nacaduba pendleburyi penangensis – Malayan Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Malaya   Penang
• Nacaduba solta – Biru-baris Empat Sumatra   K,M(3,4)    
• Nacaduba hermus swatipa – Pale Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Pucat   L,M(2,3,4)
• Nacaduba subperusia lysa – Violet Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Lembayung  L,M(2,3),T  
• Nacaduba subperusia intricata – Violet Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat  Lembayung   M(4)
• Nacaduba sanaya elioti — Jewel Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Permata   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Nacaduba pavana vajuva – Small Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Kecil   L 
• Nacaduba pavana singapura – Small Four-line Blue. Biru-baris Empat Kecil   S
• Nacaduba russelli — Dark Submarginal Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Gombak   M(3)   (Or Richy Sixline Blue: Thaibutterflies.com. Dark Submarginal: Ek-Amnuay. Holotype: Gombak,  A.Bedford Russell)
• Nacaduba kurava nemana—Transparent Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Lutsinar   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Nacaduba beroe neon – Opaque Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Legap   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Nacaduba berenice icena—Rounded Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Bulat   L,M(2,3),T,A,S
• Nacaduba calauria malayica – Dark Malayan Six-line Blue. Biru-baris Enam Malaya  L,M(3,4),S
• Nacaduba kirtoni – Biru-baris Enam Gunong   M(4)
• Nacaduba biocellata – Double-spotted Line Blue. Biru-baris Dwitompok   M(2),S   (Not in C&P4. An Australian species. Reported Singapore 2004. Also, Selangor)                     
• Ionolyce helicon merguiana—Pointed Line Blue. Biru-garis Tirus   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S   Ionolyce, Prosotas, Catopyrops, Petrelaea:   Biru-garis Group
• Prosotas aluta nanda – Banded Line Blue. Biru-garis Jalur   K,M(3),T,S
• Prosotas nelides – Biru-garis Sumatra   M(4)
• Prosotas bhutea – Bhutea Line Blue. Biru-garis Sikkim   M(3,4)   (Bhutea, Sikkim)
• Prosotas gracilis ni – Dark-based Line Blue. Biru-garis Dasar-gelap   K,M(3)
• Prosotas nora superdates—Common Line Blue. Biru-garis    L,K,M(2,3,4),T,A,S
• Prosotas pia pia – Margined Line Blue. Biru-garis  Pinggiran   M(3,4)
• Prosotas dubiosa lumpura—Tailless Line Blue. Biru-garis Kontot   M(2,3),T,S 
• Prosotas lutea sivoka – Brown Line Blue. Biru-garis  Perang   K,M(3),S
• Catopyrops ancyra aberrans—Felder’s Line Blue. Biru-garis Jarang   M(3),S   (Ancyra Blue: ButterflyCircle, NL Liew. Rare in lowland forest:  C&P5)
• Petrelaea dana – Dingy Line Blue. Biru-garis Comot.   K,M(3),S 
• Una usta usta –Singleton. Itamputih-bintik   M(3,4)   (or Una, both given by Ek-Amnuay)     Una: Itamputih-bintik Group
• Niphanda cymbia cymbia – Small Pointed Pierrot. Itamputih-tompok Kecil   M(3,4)    Niphanda:   Itamputih-tompok Group
• Niphanda tessellata tessellata – Large Pointed Pierrot.  Itamputih-tompok Besar   M(3,4)
• Niphanda asialis – White-banded Pierrot.  Itamputih-tompok Belang-putih   M(1,3)
• Niphanda stubbsi –  Itamputih-tompok Pahang   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)  
• Anthene emolus goberus—Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu   L,K,M(2,3,4),T,S    Anthene:  Biru-bulu Group  
• Anthene lycaenina miya—Pointed Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu Tirus   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Anthene licates dusuntua – White Ciliate Blue. Biru-bulu Putih   L,M(3)

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Aphnaeinae     Barisperak Subfamily

• Spindasis syama terana—Club Silverline. Barisperak Belantan   K,M(2,3),S  
• Spindasis lohita senama—Long-banded Silverline. Barisperak Jalur-panjang   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Spindasis seliga seliga – Fruhstorfer’s Silverline. Barisperak Gunung  M(4)   (Or Large Long-banded: Ek-Amnuay; Fruhstorfer’s Silverline: Hoskins)
• Spindasis kutu — Barisperak Bukit-kutu   M(3,4)   (TL: Bukit Kutu)

Family: Lycaenidae     SubFamily: Theclinae    Hairstreaks: Varied Groups

• Hypochrysops coelisparsus kerri – Orange Greenline. Barishijau Oren   M(3,4)   (Very rare)
• Austrozephyrus absolon malayicus  —  Dewaselatan Pahang   M(4)   (Dewaselatan from Austrozephyrus)
• Arhopala centaurus nakula —Common Oakblue. Biru-pohon   L,K,M(2,3),S   (Or Centaur Oakblue: ButterflyCircle, Kirton; Common Oakblue: Ek-Amnuay)   Arhopala: Biru-pohon Group
• Arhopala centaurus dixoni – Common Oakblue. Biru-pohon   T   (Or Centaur Oakblue: ButterflyCircle, Kirton; Common Oakblue: Ek-Amnuay)
• Arhopala similis – Druce’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Raub   M(3)   ( Gap-Raub road)
• Arhopala agesias – Biru-pohon Borneo M(3,4)
• Arhopala kinabala – Golden Spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-emas   M)3,4)
• Arhopala ijanensis – White-banded Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-putih    L,K,M(3,4)
• Arhopala anthelus grahami – Grand Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hebat   L,K,M(3)   (Ek-Amnuay calls it Magnificent but gives the same name to A. anarte; see below).
• Arhopala achelous achelous – Biru-pohon Singapura   M(3),T   (TL for Amblypodia achelous: Singapore, Hewitson, 1862)
• Arhopala achelous malu – Biru-pohon Singapura   K,Penang,Pangkor
• Arhopala anarte – Magnificent Oakblue. Biru-pohon Megah   K,M(3)   (Same common name as A. anthelus, above, by Ek-Amnuay)
• Arhopala varro selama – Upright-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-tegak   M(3)
• Arhopala dispar pendleburyi – Frosted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Berkabut   M(4)  
• Arhopala camdana camdana – Moon-stone Oakblue. Biru-pohon Batu-permata   M(3)
• Arhopala semperi russelli – Biru-pohon Kinabalu   M(3)
• Arhopala opalina azata – Opal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Baiduri   M(3,4)
• Arhopala hellada ozana – Long-banded Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-panjang   L,M(3)
• Arhopala johoreana johoreana – Biru-pohon Nias   M(3)
• Arhopala belphoebe cowani – White-ringed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bulatan-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala myrzala conjuncta – Malayan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Malaya   L
• Arhopala myrzala lammas – Malayan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Malaya   M(3),S
• Arhopala myrzalina – Biru-pohon Jarang   M(3)   (Rare species: C&P5)
• Arhopala bazaloides bazaloides – Tamil Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tamil   L
• Arhopala hypomuta hypomuta – Violet Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung    L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala aedias meritatas – Large Metallic Oakblue. Biru-pohon Logam   L  
• Arhopala aedias agnis —Large Metallic Oakblue. Biru-pohon Logam   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala epimuta epiala —Tailless Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Kontot   K,M(3),S   (Or Common Disc Oakblue: ButterflyCircle. Tailless: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Arhopala atosia jahara – Tailed Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Ekor   L
• Arhopala atosia malayana —Tailed Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Ekor   K,M(3),S
• Arhopala lurida – Lesser Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Kecil   L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala agesilaus gesa – Corbet Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Langkawi   L,M(3)   TL: Langkawi.
• Arhopala avatha – de Niceville’s Dull Oakblue.  Biru-pohon Pudar Sumatra   M(3)   TL: Sumatra.
• Arhopala allata pandora – Rosy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kemerahan   L,M(3)
• Arhopala delta – Delta Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Delta   M(3)
• Arhopala amphimuta amphimuta – Broad Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Lebar.   M(3),T,S
• Arhopala amphimuta milleriana – Broad Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Lebar   L,Penang
• Arhopala sceva indra – Biru-pohon Pantai-timur   East coast,Selangor
• Arhopala major major – Major Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Melaka   L,M(2,3),S   TL: Malacca.
• Arhopala major parvimaculata – Major Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Melaka   T,A
• Arhopala norda norda–Langkawi Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Langkawi   L
• Arhopala norda ronda – Langkawi Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Langkawi   M(2,3)
• Arhopala moolaiana maya – Pale Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Pucat   L,K
• Arhopala moolaiana yajuna – Pale Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Pucat   K,M(3)
• Arhopala zylda elioti – Rounded Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Bulat   M(3)
• Arhopala stubbsi – Biru-pohon Endau  M(3)  
• Arhopala avathina avathina – Lunulate Yellow Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kuning Sabit   M(3)
• Arhopala kurzi – Biru-pohon Melaka   M(3)   TL: Malacca.
• Arhopala muta maranda – Mutal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Mutal   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Arhopala moorei busa – Moore’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bukit   L,M(3)
• Arhopala tropaea – Biru-pohon Johor   M(3)   (Likely endemic: C&P5)
• Arhopala metamuta metamuta – Bicolor Oakblue. Biru-pohon Dwiwarna   M(3,4)
• Arhopala perimuta regina –Yellow-disc Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot   Cakera-kuning   L.K,M(3,4)   (or Yellow-disc Oakblue: Savela; Tailless: Ek-Amnuay)  
• Arhopala antimuta antimuta – Small Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Kecil   L.K.M(3),S  
• Arhopala inornata inornata – Brown Tornal Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pinggul-perang   M(3)
• Arhopala democritus democritus —White-dot Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bintik-putih   L,K
• Arhopala democritus lycaenaria – White-dot Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bintik-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala elopura elopura – Yellow-tailed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ekor-kuning   M(3),T
• Arhopala pseudomuta pseudomuta —Raffles’ Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung-biru   M(3),S
• Arhopala pseudomuta ariavana – Raffles’ Oakblue. Biru-pohon Lembayung-biru   L
• Arhopala ariana wilcocksi – Pinkish-washed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-jambu   L
• Arhopala arianaga – Biru-pohon Titiwangsa   M(4)    (>1000m asl Titiwangsa Range: C&P5)
• Arhopala alitaeus mirabella – Purple Broken-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-pecah    L
• Arhopala alitaeus pardenas – Purple Broken-band Oakblue. Biru-pohon Jalur-pecah   K,M(3),S 
• Arhopala sintanga tani – Biru-pohon Rompin.  M(3)
• Arhopala havilandi kota – Biru-pohon Kota-tinggi   M(3)
• Arhopala aida aida —White-stained Oakblue. Biru-pohon Belak-putih   L,M(3),Pulau Tenggol
• Arhopala aida ophir – White-stained Oakblue. Biru-pohon Gunung-ledang    Gunung Ledang
• Arhopala ace ace – Tytler’s Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Kobalt   M(3)
• Arhopala azinis azinis – Biru-pohon Neomalaya   M(3,4)    (Neomalaya: Sumatra-Malaya-Borneo)
• Arhopala agrata agrata – de Nicéville’s Dull Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pudar Dataran   K,M(3)
• Arhopala aurelia – Grey-washed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kelabu-pudar   L,K
• Arhopala selta selta –  Reddish-brown Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-perang   K   (Not in C&P4)
• Arhopala selta hislopi – Reddish-brown Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merah-perang   M(3)
• Arhopala phaenops sandakani – Sumatran Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sumatra   M(3)
• Arhopala milleri – Indigo Oakblue. Biru-pohon Nila   L,M(3)
• Arhopala sublustris ridleyi – Bright Oakblue. Biru-pohon Terang   L,K,M(3),S
• Arhopala evansi – Kalimantan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kalimantan   M(3)
• Arhopala phanda phanda – Golden Oakblue. Biru-pohon Emas   M(3)
• Arhopala aroa aroa – Deep-purple Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ungu-gelap   M(3)
• Arhopala aroa esava – Deep-purple Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ungu-gelap.  L,K   (Not in C&P4)
• Arhopala normani – Norman’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sabah   K,M(3)   TL: Sibatik, Sabah.
• Arhopala cleander aphadantas – Large Mergui Oakblue. Biru-pohon Mergui    M(3,4)
• Arhopala athada athada—Vinous Oakblue. Biru-pohon Anggur   L,M(3,4),S,Pulau Tenggol
• Arhopala silhetensis silhetensis – Sylhet oakblue. Biru-pohon Bangladesh   L  (Sylhet, Bangladesh)
• Arhopala silhetensis adorea—Sylhet Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bangladesh   M(3),S  (Sylhet, Bangladesh)
• Arhopala zambra zambra – Zambra Oakblue. Biru-pohon Zambra   L,K,M(3)   (In relation to Alhambra, Spain?)
• Arhopala agaba – Purple-glazed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kilat-ungu   L,K,M(4)   
• Arhopala vihara vihara – Large spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-besar   K,M(3)   
• Arhopala vihara hirava – Large-spotted Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompok-besar   L
• Arhopala paralea – Glazed Oakblue. Biru-pohon Berkilat   K,M(4) 
• Arhopala buddha cooperi – Buddha Oakblue. Biru-pohon Buddha    L,K,M(3)
• Arhopala arvina adalitas – Purple-brown Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Ungu-perang   M(3,4)  
• Arhopala alaconia media – Patchy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tompokan   L,M(3,4)
• Arhopala barami penanga – Wood’s Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pulau-pinang   K,M(3)
• Arhopala alesia sacharja – Pallid Oakblue. Biru-pohon Pucat   L   (Late entry in C&P5, at the end of the checklist)
• Arhopala agelastus agelastus – Green-edged Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Tepian-hijau   M(3,4)  
• Arhopala agelastus perissa – Green-edged Tailless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kontot Tepian-hijau   L 
• Arhopala labuana – Labuan Oakblue. Biru-pohon Labuan   M(3,4)
•  Arhopala wildeyana wildeyana – White-wavy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Alun-putih   M(3)
• Arhopala wildeyana havea – White-wavy Oakblue. Biru-pohon Alun-putih   L
• Arhopala cardoni – Biru-pohon Perak-pahang   M(3,4)   (Endemic: C&P5)    (Recorded only Perak, Pahang: C&P5)
• Arhopala epimete duessa – Violet Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera Lembayung   L
• Arhopala epimete suedas – Violet Disc Oakblue. Biru-pohon Cakera  Lembayung   M(3)  
• Arhopala bazalus zalinda—Powdered Oakblue. Biru-pohon Bubuk   M(3,4)
• Arhopala overdijkinki unda – Biru-pohon Jawa  M(3,4)
• Arhopala acta – Biru-pohon Garis-pudar   M(3)    (Markings are faint: C&P5)
• Arhopala horsfieldi eurysthenes – Peacock Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merak   L
• Arhopala horsfieldi basiviridis – Peacock Oakblue. Biru-pohon Merak   M(3,4)
• Arhopala eumolphus maxwelli—Common Green Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hijau   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala hellenore siroes – Pointed Green Oakblue. Biru-pohon Hijau Tirus   M(3,4)
• Arhopala corinda corestes – Ultramarine Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ultramarin   L
• Arhopala corinda acestes – Ultramarine Oakblue. Biru-pohon Ultramarin   M(3)
• Arhopala aurea – Long-celled Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sel-panjang   M(3),S  
• Arhopala stinga – Biru-pohon Semenanjung    M(3),S
• Arhopala trogon – Green-suffused Oakblue. Biru-pohon Samar-hijau   M(3,4),S
• Arhopala caeca – Biru-pohon Sarawak   M(3,4)
• Arhopala paraganesa mendava – Dusky Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Kelam   M(4)
• Arhopala ammonides monava – Dark Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Gelap   L   (Subspecies endemic to Langkawi?)
• Arhopala ammonides chunsu – Dark Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Gelap    M(3)  
• Arhopala ammon ammon – Malayan Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Malaya   L,M(3),S   
• Arhopala ariel – Chocolate Bushblue. Biru-pohon Belukar Coklat   M(3)
• Arhopala elizabethae – Biru-pohon Pahang.   K,M(3)  
• Arhopala fulla ignara – Spotless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tiada-tompok   L
• Arhopala fulla intaca – Spotless Oakblue. Biru-pohon Tiada-tompok   M(3)
• Arhopala abseus abseus – Aberrant Oakblue. Biru-pohon Kelainan   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Arhopala anella – Biru-pohon Perak   M(3,4)     
• Flos diardi capeta—Bifid Plushblue. Biru-mewah Duabelah   L,M(3.4),S   Flos: Biru-mewah Group
• Flos fulgida singhapura – Shining Plushblue. Biru-mewah Bersinar   M(3,4),S
• Flos anniella anniella – Dark Plushblue. Biru-mewah Gelap.  M(3,4),S  
• Flos anniella artegal – Dark Plushblue. Biru-mewah Gelap   L
• Flos apidanus ahamus – Plain Plushblue. Biru-mewah Dataran   L
• Flos apidanus saturatus—Plain Plushblue. Biru-mewah Dataran   K,M(3),S
• Flos areste – Tailless Plushblue. Biru-mewah Kontot   M(4) 
• Flos morphina morphina – Rounded Plushblue. Biru-mewah Bulat   M(3,4)
• Mahathala ariadeva ariadeva – Malayan Falcate Oakblue. Biru-pohon Sabit   M(2,3)   Mahathala: Biru-pohon Group (again)
• Semanga superba deliciosa – Red-edge. Biru-ungu   L,M(3,4),T,S
• Surendra vivarna amisena—Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia   L,K,M(3,4),T,A,S   (or Burmese Acacia Blue: Kirton. Acacia Blue: ButterflyCircle)   Surendra, Zinaspa:  Biru-akasia Group 
• Surendra florimel – Steely Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia Keluli   M(3,4)
• Zinaspa todara – Silverstreak Acacia Blue. Biru-akasia Coretperak   M(3,4)   (Zinaspa t. karennia in C&P4)
• Neomyrina nivea hiemalis – White Imperial. Ekorpanjang Putih   L    Neomyrina: Ekorpanjang Group
• Neomyrina nivea periculosa – White Imperial. Ekorpanjang Putih   M(3,4)
• Iraota timoleon wickii—Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak   M(3,4)   Iraota: Biru-coretperak Group
• Iraota rochana boswelliana—Scarce Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak Jarang    L,M(2,3,4),S   
• Iraota distanti distanti – Distant’s Silverstreak Blue. Biru-coretperak Semenanjung.   M(3,4),S   TL: Malaya.
• Amblypodia narada taooana – Blue Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Biru   L,K,M(3,4)  Amblypodia:   Biru-daun Group
• Amblypodia anita anita—Purple Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Ungu   L,K,Kelantan  
• Amblypodia anita parva – Purple Leaf Blue. Biru-daun Ungu   East coast  
• Catapaecilma elegans zephyria – Lesser Tinsel. Kilau Kecil   L,K,M(3)   (or Common Tinsel: Ek-Amnuay; Lesser: Kirton)   Catapaecilma, Acupicta: Kilau  Group
• Catapaecilma evansi evansi –Yellow Tinsel. Kilau Kuning   M(3,4)
• Catapaecilma major emas — Greater Tinsel. Kilau Besar   M(2,3),S   (or Gray Tinsel: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle; Greater: Kirton)
• Catapaecilma lila – Kilau Kluang M(3)   (Endemic : C&P5.   TL: Kluang, Johore)
• Acupicta bubases – Kilau Semenanjung   M(3,4)   (only 3 records, first by Wallace in Malaya: C&P5)
• Acupicta flemingi – Kilau Ekor-empat   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5) 
• Drina donina usira – Brown Yam. Keladi Perang   L,K,M(3)
• Drina cowani – Keladi Semenanjung.   M(3)   (PM and Borneo only: C&P5. TL: PM)
• Drina maneia – Blue Yam. Keladi Biru   M(3)
• Loxura atymnus fuconius—Yamfly. Kupukeladi   L,K,M(2,3),S   Loxura, Yasoda: Kupukeladi Group  
• Loxura cassiopeia cassiopeia—Malayan Yamfly. Kupukeladi Malaya   M(3)
• Yasoda pita dohertyi – Branded Yamfly. Kupukeladi Bertanda    L,K,M(3,4)
• Yasoda pitane laruta – Kupukeladi Larut   M(4)
• Eooxylides tharis distanti—Branded Imperial. Ekorpanjang Bertanda   M(3,4),T,S   Eooxylides. Thamala, Cheritra, Ticherra, Ritra: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Thamala marciana marciana – Cardinal. Ekorpanjang Utama   K,M(3),T
• Thamala marciana sarupa – Cardinal. Ekorpanjang Utama   L
• Cheritra freja freja—Common Imperial. Ekorpanjang   L
• Cheritra freja frigga—Common Imperial. Ekorpanjang    M(3),T,A,P,S
• Ticherra acte liviana – Blue Imperial. Ekorpanjang Biru   K,M(3)
• Ritra aurea volumnia – Orange Imperial. Ekorpanjang Oren   M(3)
• Drupadia ravindra moorei—Common Posy. Jambak   L,K,M(2,3,4),S
• Drupadia ravindra caerulea – Common Posy. Jambak   T
• Drupadia rufotaenia rufotaenia—Lesser Posy. Jambak Kecil   L,K,M(3),T,S   (or Pygmy Posy: ButterflyCircle; Lesser: Ek-Amnuay)
• Drupadia theda renonga – Dark Posy. Jambak Gelap   L
• Drupadia theda thesmia—Dark Posy. Jambak Gelap   K,M(3,4),T.S
• Drupadia niasica biranta – Intermediate Posy. Jambak Tengahan   L
• Drupadia niasica perlisa – Intermediate Posy. Jambak Tengahan   K,M(3),T   (Very rare)
• Drupadia estella semperna – White-craved Posy. Jambak Bukit-fraser   L,M(4)    (TL: Fraser’s Hill)
• Drupadia scaeva scaeva – Blue Posy. Jambak Biru   K,M(3,4),T
• Drupadia scaeva near subsp melisa – Blue Posy. Jambak Biru.   L
• Drupadia cinesoides – Circular-branded Posy. Jambak Tanda-bulatan.   M(3)   
• Drupadia johorensis – Johor Posy. Jambak Johor   M(3)
• Horaga albimacula albistigmata—Violet Onyx. Marmar Lembayung   M(2,3,4) 
• Horaga chalcedonyx malaya – Marmar Singapura   S   (Likely, extinct)
• Horaga amethystus purpurescens – Purple Onyx. Marmar Ungu   M(3,4)
• Horaga onyx sardonyx—Common Onyx. Marmar   M(2,3)
• Horaga syrinx maenala—Ambon Onyx. Marmar Ambon   L,M(2,3,4),S   (or Yellow Onyx: Kirton. Ambon: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Horaga araotina – Marmar Pulau-angsa   M(3),Pulau Angsa   (C&P5, pg 266: Rarest Malayan species. Also, species endemic to PM: C&P5 pg 386)
• Dacalana vidura azyada – Double Tufted Royal. Diraja Rumbai Dua.   M(3)   Dacalana, Pratapa, Creon, Tajuria, Bullis, Britomartis: Diraja Group  
• Dacalana burmana — Burmese Tufted Royal. Diraja Rumbai Burma   L,K 
• Dacalana sinhara sinhara – Long-branded Royal. Diraja Tanda-panjang   M(3,4)
• Dacalana cremera ricardi – Orange-stripe Royal. Diraja Belang-oren   M(3,4)
• Pratapa deva relata – White Royal. Diraja Putih   M(2,3,4),S
• Pratapa icetas sakaia – Dark Blue Royal. Diraja Biru Gelap   M(4)
• Pratapa icetoides calculis – Blue Royal. Diraja Biru   M(2,3,4)
• Creon cleobis queda—Broadtail Royal. Diraja Ekorlebar   M(4)
• Tajuria yajna selangorana – Chestnut and Black Royal. Diraja Berangan-Hitam   M(3,4)
• Tajuria megistia thria – Orange and Black Royal. Diraja Oren-Hitam   M(3)
• Tajuria maculata—Spotted Royal. Diraja Tompok   M(4)
• Tajuria luculenta taorana – Chinese Royal. Diraja Cina   M(4)
• Tajuria cippus maxentius—Peacock Royal. Diraja Merak   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Tajuria mantra mantra—Felder’s Royal. Diraja Semenanjung   M(2,3),T,S
• Tajuria deudorix ingeni – Flash Royal. Diraja Kilat   L,M(3)
• Tajuria ister tussis – Uncertain Royal. Diraja Takkeruan   M(3,4)
• Tajuria albiplaga alixae – Pallid Royal. Diraja Pucat   M(4)
• Tajuria inexpectata – Diraja Sumatra   M(3)   (Very rare)
• Tajuria sunia — Rounded Royal. Diraja Bulat   M(3)
• Tajuria berenis larutensis – Larut’s Royal. Diraja Larut   M(4)
• Tajuria isaeus verna – Bornean Royal. Diraja Borneo  M(3)
• Tajuria dominus dominus – Influent Royal. Diraja Aliran   M(2,3,4),S
• Tajuria diaeus – Straight-line Royal. Diraja Tapah   M(3)   (New to checklist. K.Saito 1994, near Tapah, Perak)
• Bullis buto cowani – Baby Royal. Diraja Bayi   M(2,3)
• Bullis elioti elioti — Diraja Pahang   M(2,4)
• Bullis stigmata — Small Branded Royal. Diraja Tanda-kecil   M(4)
• Britomartis cleoboides viga – Azure Royal. Diraja Biru-langit   L,K,M(3,4)
• Purlisa gigantea gigantea – Giant Imperial. Ekorpanjang Gergasi   L,M(3,4)   Purlisa: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Rachana jalindra burbona—Banded Royal. Diraja Jalur   L,M(3,4),S   (Genus Eliotia in C&P4)   Rachana: Diraja Group, whose other members are above Purlisa
• Jacoona anasuja anasuja—Great Imperial. Ekorpanjang Besar.   M(2,3,4),S   Jacoona, Neocheritra, Thrix, Mantoides, Manto, Charana, Suasa: Ekorpanjang Group (again)
• Neocheritra amrita amrita—Grand Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hebat   M(2,3,4),S   
• Neocheritra fabronia lina – Pale Grand Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hebat Gunung   M(4)
• Thrix scopula nisibis – Ekorpanjang Kuala-lumpur   M(3,4)   (TL: Kuala Lumpur. Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Mantoides gama gama – Distant’s Imperial. Ekorpanjang Pulau-pinang   M(3,4)   (TL: Penang)
• Manto hypoleuca terana—Green Imperial. Ekorpanjang Hijau   M(3,4),S
• Charana mandarina splendida –Mandarin Blue. Ekorpanjang Mandarin   M(3,4)   
• Suasa lisides suessa – Red Imperial. Ekorpanjang Merah   K,M(3,4)
• Pseudotajuria donatana donatana—Golden Royal. Diraja Emas   M(3,4),S   Pseudotajuria, Ancema, Remelana: Diraja Group (again)
• Ancema ctesia ctesia—Bi-spot Royal. Diraja Dua-tompok   M(4)  
• Ancema blanka blanka—Silver Royal. Diraja Perak   M(3,4),S  
• Remelana jangala travana—Chocolate Royal. Diraja Coklat    M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hypolycaena thecloides thecloides – Brown Tit. Ciak Perang   M(2,3),T,S   (Or Dark Tit: Butterflycircle. Brown: Ek-Amnuay)   Hypolycaena, Zeltus, Chliaria: Ciak Group
• Hypolycaena amabilis lisba – Violet Tit. Ciak Lembayung   M(3,4)
• Hypolycaena phemius – Ciak Kinabalu   M(3,4)   (New to checklist)
• Hypolycaena merguia skapane – Purple Tit. Ciak Ungu   M(3)
• Hypolycaena erylus teatus—Common Tit. Ciak   L,M(1,2,3),T,A,S
• Zeltus amasa maximinianus—Fluffy Tit. Ciak Gebu   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Chliaria kina celastroides – Blue Tit. Ciak Biru   M(4)   (Chliaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka.   Subspecies endemic to PM?)
•  Chliaria othona semanga – Orchid Tit. Ciak Anggerik   M(3,4),T   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
•  Chliaria pahanga — Ciak Pahang   M(4)   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
•  Chliaria balua gabrieli – Red Tit.  Ciak Merah   M(3,4)   (Chilaria: C&P4-5, Savela; Hypolycaena: Ek-Amnuay, Yutaka)
• Deudorix elioti — Eliot’s Cornelian. Permata Singapura   M(3),T,S
• Deudorix epijarbas epijarbas f. diara – Cornelian. Permata   M(2)   (Discovered in PM by NL Liew regarding it as D. diara but regarded by C&P5 and Y. Inayoshi as form diara rather than a new species.
• Deudorix epijarbas cinnabarus—Cornelian. Permata   L,K,M(3,4),T,S
• Deudorix sumatrensis—Permata Sumatra   M(3,4)   (Savela: D. s. stubbsi for PM )
• Deudorix staudingeri – Large Cornelian. Permata Besar   M(3,4),S
• Deudorix hypargyria hypargyria – Scarce Cornelian. Permata Jarang    M(3,4)
• Artipe eryx excellens — Green Flash. Sekilat Hijau   M(3,4)   Artipe: Sekilat Group
• Artipe anna – Sekilat Semenanjung   M(4)   (Only one record, in PM: C&P5)
• Virachola smilis smilis – Scarce Guava Blue. Biru-jambu Jarang   M(3,4)   (Virachola: C&P5, Y.Inayoshi; Deudorix: Savela)   Virachola: Biru-jambu Group
• Virachola subguttata malaya – Spotted Guava Blue. Biru-jambu Tompok   M(4)   
• Virachola kessuma deliochus—Pitcher Blue. Biru-jambu Kendi   L,M(3),S
• Sinthusa malika amata – Spotted Spark. Percikan Tompok   L,M(3,4)
• Sinthusa nasaka amba—Narrow Spark. Percikan Sempit   L,M(3,4),S  
• Bindahara phocides phocides—Plane. Pesawat   L,K,M(3,4),S  
• Rapala domitia domitia—Yellow Flash. Sekilat Kuning   M(3,4),S   Rapala: Sekilat Group (again)
• Rapala domitia flemingi – Yellow Flash. Sekilat Kuning   L
• Rapala duma duma – Abnormal Flash. Sekilat Ganjil    M(3,4)   (duma in C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi; abnormis in C&P4, Savela)
• Rapala pheretima sequeira—Copper Flash. Sekilat Tembaga   L,K,M(2,3,4),S 
• Rapala pheretima tiomana – Copper Flash. Sekilat Tembaga   T
• Rapala suffusa barthema—Suffused Flash. Sekilat Samar   L,M(3),S   (barthema=suffusa to Y.Inayoshi)
• Rapala damona – Malayan Red Flash. Sekilat Merah Malaya   L,M(3),S
• Rapala dieneces dieneces – Scarlet Flash. Sekilat Kirmizi   L,M(3),S    
• Rapala cowani – Sekilat Johor   SE Johore
• Rapala hades – Myanmar Flash. Sekilat Myanmar   M(2,3),East coast
• Rapala iarbus iarbus—Common Red Flash. Sekilat Merah   L,K,M(2,3),S
• Rapala rhodopis – Single-line Red Flash. Sekilat Merah Sebaris   M(3,4)
• Rapala manea chozeba—Slate Flash. Sekilat Kelabu    L,M(2,3,4),S
• Rapala scintilla scintilla – Scarce Shot Flash. Sekilat Das Jarang   L,M(2,3,4)  
• Rapala varuna orseis—Indigo Flash. Sekilat Nila   L,M(2,3,4),T,S  
• Rapala rhoecus rhoecus – Brilliant Flash. Sekilat Benderang    L,K,M(3),T
• Rapala nissa pahangana – Common Flash. Sekilat   M(4)   (Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Araotes lapithis uruwela—Witch. Menawan   L,K,M(3)   (Or Chequered Flame: Kirton. Witch: Ek-Amnuay)
• Sithon nedymond nedymond—Plush. Mewah   M(2,3)  
• Sithon nedymond ismarus – Plush. Mewah   L

Family: Hesperiidae  

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Coeliadinae   Penusuk/Awl Subfamily

• Burara oedipodea oedipodea—Branded Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-bertanda    M(2,3,4)   (Burara: C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Kirton, ButterflyCircle, Y.Inayoshi;  Bibasis: C&P4, Savela)
• Burara jaina velva – Orange-striped Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Belang-oren.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara tuckeri – White-banded Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Jalur-putih.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara anadi owstoni – Plain Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-Bukit-fraser.  M(3,4)   (Or Bibasis owstoni. Bibasis, Burara. See above note)  
• Burara etelka etelka—Great Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren-besar   M(2,3,4),S   (Or  Bibasis etelka. Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara harisa consobrina—Orange Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Oren.  M(2,3,4),S   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Burara gomata lalita—Pale Green Awlet. Penusuk Kecil Hijau-pucat.  M(3,4)   (Bibasis, Burara. See above note)
• Bibasis sena uniformis—Orange-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-oren   K,M(3,4),S   Bibasis, Hasora, Badamia: Penusuk Group
• Hasora mus pahanga – Penusuk Pahang   M(4)   (Subspecies endemic to PM?)
• Hasora lizetta – Penusuk Bukit  M(3,4)  (Hill tops: C&P5. Hill insect: NL Liew)
• Hasora salanga – Black-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-hitam   M(3,4)   (Or Green Awl: Wikipedia. Black-tailed: Ek-Amnuay)
• Hasora myra funebris – Pale-tailed Awl. Penusuk Ekor-pucat   M(4)
• Hasora zoma – Dark Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Gelap   M(3,4),A
• Hasora chromus chromus—Common Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Perang   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hasora taminatus malayana—White Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Putih   L,M(2,3,4),T,S
• Hasora schoenherr chuza—Yellow Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Kuning   M(3,4),S  
• Hasora mixta prabha – Lesser Awl. Penusuk Kecil   M(3)
• Hasora badra badra —Common Awl. Penusuk   L,M(2,3,4),A,S   (See also H. quadripunctata gnaeus below for comparison)
• Hasora quadripunctata gnaeus — Four-spotted Awl. Penusuk Tompok-empat   K,M(3,4)   (See also H. badra badra above for comparison)
• Hasora vitta vitta—Plain Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Labuan   L,M(3,4),S
• Hasora khoda minsona – Large Banded Awl. Penusuk Jalur Besar   M(4)
• Hasora leucospila leucospila—Violet Awl, Penusuk Lembayung   M(3,4),Perak,East coast   (H. mavis, Perak Banded Awl, in C&P4, turns out to be the female H. l. leucospila, and thus dropped from the checklist. See C&P5 pg 403, note 192)
• Hasora wilcocksi– Penusuk Tioman   T   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Badamia exclamationis—Brown Awl. Penusuk Perang   M(2,3,4),A,S
• Choaspes stigmatus caudatus – Yellow-tailed Awlking. Penusuk Raja Ekor-kuning   M(3)   (stigmatus: C&P5, Ek-Amnuay, Y.Inayoshi;  plateni: C&P4, Savela)
• Choaspes subcaudatus crawfurdi – Lobed Awlking.  Penusuk Raja Lekuk   M(3)
• Choaspes benjaminii flavens—Indian Awlking. Penusuk Raja India   M(3,4)
• *Choaspes hemixanthus furcatus—Hooked Awlking.  Penusuk Raja Cangkuk.  (Species of questionable records)

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Pyrginae    Datar/Flat Subfamily  

• Capila phanaeus ferrea — Fulvous Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Merahpucat.  L,M(3)   (Ek-Amnuay lists it as Capita phanaeus. Capila in C&P5, Y.Inayoshi, Savela)  
• Capila pieridoides sofa – White Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Putih   M(4)    
• Capila hainana—Hainan Dawnfly. Datar Fajar Hainan   M(4)   (Subspecies not determined)
• Celaenorrhinus pyrrha — Double Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Tompok-dua.   M(4)   Celaenorrhinus: Datar Tropik
• Celaenorrhinus pahangensis – Datar Tropik Pahang   M(4)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Celaenorrhinus leucocera—Common Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Tompok   L   
• Celaenorrhinus putra sanda — Bengal Spotted Flat. Datar Tropik Bengal   M(3,4)
• Celaenorrhinus nigricans nigricans – Small-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-kecil   M(4)
• Celaenorrhinus asmara asmara – White-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-putih   L,K,M(3),S
• Celaenorrhinus inaequalis irene – Unequal-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-taksekata   M(4)
• Celaenorrhinus aurivittatus cameroni—Dark Yellow-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-kuning    L,K,M(3,4),T,A
• Celaenorrhinus ficulnea queda – Velvet Flat. Datar Tropik Baldu   M(3),T
• Celaenorrhinus ladana – Orange-banded Flat. Datar Tropik Jalur-oren   M(3)
• Tapena thwaitesi bornea—Dark Flat. Datar Gelap   L,M(3),S   (Or Black Angle: Wikipedia. Obtuse-winged Angle: Ek-Amnuay. Dark Flat: ButterflyCircle)  
• Darpa striata striata– Striated Angle. Datar Sudut Jalur   K,M(3,4)
• Darpa pteria dealbata – Snowy Angle. Datar Sudut Salji   M(4),T
• Odina hieroglyphica ortina—Hieroglyphic Flat. Datar Indah   M(3),S   (Or Polygon Flat: Kirton)
• Sarangesa dasahara dasahara – Common Small Flat. Datar Kecil   L,K
• Pseudocoladenia dan dhyana—Fulvous Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki Merahpucat   M(2,3),S  
• Coladenia agni sundae – Brown Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki  Perang    M(3)   (C. agni in C&P4)
• Coladenia agnioides – Scarce Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki  Jarang    L,M(4)
• Coladenia laxmi sobrina – Grey Pied Flat. Datar Bulukaki Kelabu   M(3,4),T    
• Coladenia palawana – Datar Bulukaki  Palawan   M(3,4)
• Satarupa gopala malaya – Large White Flat. Datar Putih Besar   K,M(4)
• Seseria affinis kirmana – Malayan White Flat. Datar Putih Malaya   M(3)
• Pintara pinwilli pinwilli – Orange Flat. Datar Oren   M(2,3)
• Chamunda chamunda – Crescent Spotted Flat. Datar Tompok Sabit   M(3)
• Gerosis limax dirae—Black and White Flat. Datar Putih Hitam   M(3)    Gerosis: Datar Putih
• Gerosis sinica minima – Extensive White Flat. Datar Putih Meluas   M(3)
• Gerosis phisara phisara—Variable White Flat. Datar Putih Berubah   K,M(4),T  
• Gerosis tristis – Datar Putih Genting-sempah   M(3),T,S
• Mooreana trichoneura trichoneura – Yellow Flat. Datar Kuning.   K,M(3),S
• Tagiades japetus atticus—Common Snow Flat. Datar Salji Siam.   L,K,M(2,3),A,S
• Tagiades gana gana—Large Snow Flat. Datar Salji Besar   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Tagiades parra naxos – Straight Snow Flat. Datar Salji Lurus   M(3,4)   (or Great Snow Flat: NL Liew. Straight, Ek-Amnuay)
• Tagiades lavatus – Plain Snow Flat. Datar Salji Kecil   M(3,4) 
• Tagiades toba toba – Different Spotted Snow Flat. Datar Salji Toba   K,M(3)
• Tagiades litigiosus litigiosus — Water Snow Flat. Datar Salji Utara   L,K (litigiosa by Savela)
• Tagiades ultra – Ultra Snow Flat. Datar Salji Ultra   L,M(3),S
• Tagiades calligana – Malayan Snow Flat. Datar Salji Malaya   M(3),S
• Tagiades waterstradti talanga – Datar Salji Sumatra   M(4)
• Tagiades cohaerens cinda – White-striped Snow Flat. Datar Salji Belang-putih   M(4)   (or Evans’ Snow Flat: Ek-Amnuay. White-striped: iNaturalist, IfoundButterfly, Flickr. Note: Info and photos in Yutaka are for T. c. cynthia. Not much information for T. c. cinda)
• Tagiades menaka manis—Dark Edged Snow Flat. Datar Salji Bukit   M(4)   (In forested hills: C&P5)
• Odontoptilum angulatum angulatum—Chestnut Angle. Datar Sudut Berangan    L,K,M(3),S  
• Odontoptilum pygela pygela—Banded Angle. Datar Sudut Jalur   M(3)

Family: Hesperiidae      SubFamily: Hesperiinae    Skipper: Speed-themed Groups

• Aeromachus jhora creta – Grey Scrub Hopper. Lompat Semak Kelabu   M(4)   Aeromachus, Ampittia: Lompat Group
• Aeromachus pygmaeus – Pygmy Scrub Hopper. Lompat Semak Kenit   L,K
• Ampittia dioscorides camertes—Bush Hopper. Lompat Belukar   K,M(2,3),S
• Sebastonyma pudens – Tufted Ace. Jaguh Tapah   M(3)   (New, not in C&P4. Discovered near Tapah, 2018)   Sebastonyma, Halpe, Pithauria: Jaguh Group
• Halpe insignis – White-fringed Ace. Jaguh Tepian-putih   M(2,3,4)
• Halpe sikkima – Sikkim Ace. Jaguh Sikkim   M(3)   (Sikkim, India)
• Halpe zema zamba – Banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur   M(3)
• Halpe elana – Narrow-banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur-sempit   M(3,4)
• Halpe zinda zodia – Jaguh Jalur Perlis  K,M(3)   
• Halpe ormenes vilasina—Dark Banded Ace. Jaguh Jalur Gelap   M(3),S
• Halpe porus—Moore’s Ace. Jaguh Buluh   L,K,M(2)   (Feeds on bamboo)
• Halpe hauxwelli – Pale-marked Ace. Jaguh Langkawi   L
• Halpe flava – Couple Yellow Ace. Jaguh Burma   M(3)
• Halpe aurifera – Golden-spot Ace. Jaguh Tompok-emas   M(3)
• Halpe toxopea – Palawan Ace. Jaguh Palawan   L,K,M(3)
• *Halpe kusala – Hill Ace. Jaguh Bukit   (Species of questionable records)
• Halpe veluvana brevicornis – Amber Ace. Jaguh Ambar   L,M(3,4)
• Halpe wantona – Swinhoe’s Ace. Jaguh Assam   M(3)  
• Halpe pelethronix pelethronix – Peninsular Ace. Jaguh Semenanjung   M(3,4)
• Halpe arcuata – Overlapped Ace. Jaguh Bukit-karen   M(4)    (TL: Karen Hills, Burma)
• Halpe clara – Intermediate Ace. Jaguh Tengahan   M(4)
• *Halpe hieron – Jaguh Jarang   (Species of questionable records)
• Pithauria stramineipennis stramineipennis – Light Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Assam   K,M(3)   
• Pithauria marsena – Branded Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Bertanda   K,M(3)
• *Pithauria murdava – Dark Straw Ace. Jaguh Jerami Gelap   S   (Species of questionable records)
• Astictopterus jama jama—Forest Hopper. Lompat Rimba   L,K,M(2,3),T,A,S   Astictopterus: Lompat Group (again)
• Iambrix salsala salsala—Chestnut Bob. Cepat Berangan Bengal    L,K,M(2,3),T,S   Iambrix, Idmon, Koruthaialos, Psolos, Stimula: Cepat Group
• Iambrix stellifer—Malay Chestnut Bob. Cepat Berangan Melayu    L,K,M(2,3),T,S    (or Starry Bob. Malay Chestnut Bob, original name by Evans and van Gasse. Used by Ek-Amnuay and ButterflyCircle, who initially used Starry Bob but then recommends the original)
• Idmon distanti — Spotless Bob. Cepat Tak-bertompok   L,K,M(2,3) 
• Idmon obliquans obliquans — Small Red Bob. Cepat Merah    M(3)  
• Koruthaialos rubecula rubecula—Narrow-banded Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Jalur-sempit   L,K,M(3)
• Koruthaialos sindu sindu – Bright Red Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Borneo   M(3,4)
• Koruthaialos frena – Cepat Baldu Bukit   M(4)   (Not in C&P4. Erected by Eliot, 2006. >750m asl)
• *Koruthaialos butleri – Dark Velvet Bob. Cepat Baldu Gelap   (Species of questionable records)
• Psolos fuligo fuligo—Brown Bob. Cepat Perang   L,K,M(2,3),T   (Or Dusky Partwing or Pale Spotted Coon: Ek-Amnuay. Brown Bob: Kirton)
• Stimula swinhoei near subsp disca — Rich Brown Bob. Cepat Perang-terang   M(3)   (RB Coon in Ek-Amnuay but Coon is derogatory. Partwing from Wikipedia, see above entry) 
• Ancistroides nigrita maura—Chocolate Demon. Deras Coklat   L.K,M(3),T,S   Ancistroides, Notocrypta, Udaspes: Deras Group
• Ancistroides armatus armatus – Red Demon. Deras Merah   M(3,4)
• Ancistroides gemmifer gemmifer – Gem Red Demon. Deras Merah Melaka   M(3,4),T
• Notocrypta paralysos asawa – Banded Demon. Deras Jalur   L,K
• Notocrypta paralysos varians—Banded Demon. Deras Jalur   M(2,3),T,A,S
• Notocrypta quadrata — Deras Jarang   M(3,4) 
• Notocrypta pria – Dwarf Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Kerdil   K,M(3)
• Notocrypta clavata clavata – Clavate Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Belantan   M(3,4)
• Notocrypta clavate theba — Clavate Banded Demon. Deras Jalur Belantan   L,K  
• Notocrypta curvifascia corinda –  Restricted Demon. Deras Sumatra   K,M(3,4)  
• Notocrypta feisthamelii alysos—Spotted Demon. Deras Tompok   L,M(3,4)
• Udaspes folus—Grass Demon. Deras Kunyit   L,K,M(2,3),S   (Larva feeds on turmeric plant)
• Arnetta verones – Sumatran Bob. Cepat Sumatra   K,M(3)   Arnetta, Suada, Scobura, Suastus: Cepat Group (again)
• Suada swerga suava – Grass Bob. Cepat Rumput   M(3,4)  
• Scobura phiditia — Malay Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Melayu   M(3,4)
• Scobura isota — Swinhoe’s Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Duatompok   M(3,4) 
• Scobura woolletti — Brown Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Perang   M(3,4)
• Scobura cephala — Indian Forest Bob. Cepat Rimba Tapah   M(2)   (New to checklist. Discovered Tapah Hills and Cameron Highlands: Chiba & Tsukiyama 2010)
• Suastus gremius gremius—Palm Bob. Cepat Palma   K,M(2),T,S
• Suastus minutus aditia — Small Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Kecil   L,Upper Perak,T
• Suastus minutus flemingi—Small Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Kecil   M(3)   (Subspecies endemic to Malaysia?)
• Suastus everyx everyx — White Palm Bob. Cepat Palma Putih   M(3,4)
• Cupitha purreea—Waxy Dart. Terkam Kuning   L,M(3),T   Cupitha: Terkam Group
• Zographetus satwa—Purple and Gold Flitter. Lekas Ungu-Emas   L,K,M((3)    Zographetus, Oerane, Hyarotis, Quedara, Isma:  Lekas Group
• Zographetus rama—Small Flitter. Lekas Kecil   L,M(3,4)
• Zographetus ogygia ogygia – Rusty Flitter. Lekas Karat   L,M(2,3),T,S
• Zographetus ogygioides — Red Flitter. Lekas Merah   M(3,4)
• Zographetus doxus– Prominent Spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok Nyata   M(2,3),S
• Zographetus kutu — Faint Spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok Malap   M(4)
• Oerane microthyrus neaera – White Club Flitter. Lekas Belantan-putih   M(3,4)
• Hyarotis adrastus praba—Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon   L,M(3),T,S
• Hyarotis stubbsi — Lekas Pohon Bukit-fraser   M(3,4)
• Hyarotis microsticta microsticta — Brush Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon Berus   L,M(3),S
• Hyarotis iadera — Dark Tree Flitter. Lekas Pohon Gelap   M(3)
• Quedara monteithi monteithi — Dubious Flitter. Lekas Jarang   L,K,M(3),T,S
• Quedara singularis – Lekas Jawa   M(3,4)   TL: Java.
• Isma iapis iapis — Ciliate Long-horned Flitter. Lekas Tanduk-panjang Johor   L,K,M(3,4),T    Isma: Lekas Group
• Isma protoclea obscura — Bicolor Long-horned Flitter. Lekas Tanduk-panjang Dwiwarna   M(3,4),T   (Or Purple Tufted Lancer: Kirton. Bicolor: Ek-Amnuay)
• Isma cronus – Lekas Gunung   M(4)  
• Isma feralia lenya — Common Narrow-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-sempit   M(3) 
• Isma flemingi – Lekas Gap   M(3)  (Gap, area below Fraser’s Hill. Endemic: C&P5 )
• Isma hislopi — Narrow-banded Flitter. Lekas Jalur-sempit   M(3)
• Isma miosticta – Small Narrow-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-sempit Kecil   L,K,M(3)
• Isma umbrosa umbrosa — Large Long-banded Flitter. Lekas Jalur-panjang Besar   L,M(3,4)
• Isma guttulifera kuala — Large Non-branded Flitter. Lekas Tiada-tanda   M(3)
• Isma damocles — Bright Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Terang   M(3)
• Isma bononoides — Malayan Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Malaya   M(3)
• Isma bononia bononia – Lesser Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Kecil   M(3)
• Isma bononia idyalis —  Lesser Long-spot Flitter. Lekas Tompok-panjang Kecil   L   (New to C&P5. Erected by Eliot & Kirton 2000)
• Xanthoneura corissa indrasana — Plain Yellow Lancer. Terpa Kuning Dataran    M(3,4)   Xanthoneura, Plastingia: Terpa Group
• Plastingia naga—Silver-spotted Lancer. Terpa Tompok-perak   M(2,3),S   (or Chequered Lancer: ButterflyCircle; Silver-spotted: Ek-Amnuay, Kirton)
• Plastingia pellonia — Yellow Lancer. Terpa Kuning   M(2,3),S   (or Yellow Chequered Lancer: ButterflyCircle; Yellow Lancer: Ek-Amnuay)
• Salanoemia tavoyana — Yellow-streak Darter. Terjah Coret-kuning   L,K,S  (Odd distribution)
• Salanoemia similis — Similar-streak Darter. Terjah Coret-sama   M(3)   Salanoemia: Terjah Group
• Salanoemia sala – Multi-spotted Darter. Terjah Tompok   M(3),T  (Or Maculate Lancer: NL Liew. Multi-spotted. Ek-Amnuay)
• Salanoemia fuscicornis — Purplish-grey Darter. Terjah Ungu-kelabu   L
• Salanoemia shigeru – Terjah Johor   M(2)   (New to checklist. Erected by Phon, Kirton & Goh 2011)
• Pemara pugnans—Pugnacious Lancer. Terpa Ganas   K,M(3,4),S  Pemara, Pyroneura, Pseudokerana: Terpa Group (again)
• Pyroneura helena —Terpa Sarawak M(3)   (A. Guidici calls this the Yellow-based Lancer, a name given by Ek-Amnuay to P. natuna, below)
• Pyroneura natuna — Yellow-based Lancer. Terpa Dasar-kuning   L,M(3)
• Pyroneura flavia fruhstorferi — Lesser Lancer. Terpa Kecil   L,M(3)
• Pyroneura latoia latoia — Yellow Vein Lancer. Terpa Urat-kuning   L,M(2,3,4),S
• Pyroneura klanga — Brown-veined Lancer. Terpa Urat-perang   M(3)
• Pyroneura derna — Spot-pointed Lancer. Terpa Tompok-tirus   M(3),T
• Pyroneura niasana burmana — Burmese Lancer. Terpa Burma   L,K,M(3,4)   (Or Red Vein Lancer: NL Liew. Burmese, Ek-Amnuay)
• Pyroneura agnesia — Terpa Lumut   M(3)   TL: Lumut.
• Pyroneura perakana perakana — Great Red-vein Lancer. Terpa Urat-merah   M(3)  
• Pyroneura aurantiaca montivaga — Terpa Semenanjung   M(4)   (Little information)
• Pseudokerana fulgur — Orange Banded Lancer. Terpa Jalur-oren   M(3,4)
• Lotongus calathus calathus — White-tipped Palmer. Kencang Ujung-Putih   L,K,M(3),T   Lotongus, Zela: Kencang Group
• Lotongus avesta — Yellow-band Palmer. Kencang Jalur-kuning   M(3)
• Zela excellens — White-club Yellow Palmer. Kencang Kuning Belantan-putih   L,M(3)
• Zela onara solex — Dark-club Yellow Palmer. Kencang Kuning Belantan-gelap   M(3)
• Zela zeus zeus — Orange-ciliate Palmer. Kencang Bulu-oren   M(3)   (Little  information)
• Zela zeus optima — Orange-ciliate Palmer. Kencang Bulu-oren   L,K
• Zela zero — Zero Palmer. Kencang Sandakan   M(3)
• Zela elioti — Brown-tufted Palmer. Kencang Rumbai-perang   L,K,M(3,4),T   (or Eliot’s Palmer: NL Liew. Brown-tufted: Ek-Amnuay)
• Zela zenon — Kencang Borneo   M(3)
• Zela cowani — Kencang Semenanjung   L,M(3) 
• Zela smaragdina — Black-tufted Palmer. Kencang Rumbai-hitam   L,M(3)
• Zela steineri —  Kencang Pahang   M(3)   (Not in C&P4. Endemic species to PM: C&P5. Recorded Bukit Tinggi, and Tapah-Cameron Highlands road: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Zela mars — Kencang Johor   M(3)   (New to checklist. Recorded Teluk Mahkota or Jason Bay, Johore: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Zela storeyi — Storey’s Palmer. Kencang Gombak   M(3),S   (New to checklist. Recorded Ulu Gombak, Cameron Highlands and Singapore: Kirton&Eliot 2004)
• Gangara thyrsis thyrsis—Giant Redeye. Laju-matamerah Gergasi   M(2,3,4),S   Gangara: Laju-matamerah Group
• Gangara sanguinocculus—Small Redeye. Laju-matamerah Kecil   M(3)
• Gangara lebadea lebadea—Banded Redeye. Laju-matamerah Jalur   M(2,3),S  
• Erionota sybirita – Sybarite Skipper. Pantas Singapura   M(3)
• Erionota acroleuca apicalis – White-tipped Skipper. Pantas Ujung-Putih   L,M(3),S  

(Or E. hiraca by Ek-Amnuay)   Erionata: Pantas Group

• Erionota torus – Giant Skipper. Pantas Gergasi   M(2,3),S  
• Erionota thrax thrax—Banana Skipper. Pantas Pisang   L,M(2,3),T,S
• Erionota hislopi – Pantas Jarang   M(3)   (Endemic: C&P5)
• Ge geta – Circular Tufted Demon. Deras Rumbai Bulatan   L,M(2,3)   Ge: Deras Group (again)
• Matapa aria—Common Redeye. Laju-matamerah   M(2,3),T,S   Matapa: Laju-matamerah Group

(again)

• Matapa cresta—Fringed Redeye. Laju-matamerah Tepian   K,M(2,3)
• Matapa sasivarna—Green-based Redeye. Laju-matamerah Dasar-hijau   K,M(3)
• Matapa druna – Grey-branded Redeye. Laju-matamerah Tanda-kelabu   K,M(2,3)
• Matapa deprivata — Laju-matamerah Tiada-tanda   M(3)   (Little information)
• Unkana ambasa batara—Hoary Palmer. Kencang Tua   L,M(2,3),S   Unkana: Kencang Group (again)
• Unkana mytheca mytheca — Silver and Yellow Palmer. Kencang Perak-Kuning   M(3)   (Listed in C&P4, Erionota harmachis was found to be the female of  U. m. mytheca. Thus, E. harmachis  has been dropped from the checklist)
• Hidari irava—Coconut Skipper. Pantas Kelapa   L,K,M(2,3),S   Hidari: Pantas Group (again)
• Hidari doesoena doesona — Long-spotted Skipper. Pantas Tompok-panjang   M(3)
• Hidari bhawani — Crescentic Skipper. Pantas Sabit   L,K,M(3)   (or Veined Palmer. Crescentic Skipper: Ek-Amnuay)
• Eetion elia—White Spot Palmer. Kencang Tompok Putih   L,M(3),S   Eetion, Acerbas: Kencang Group (again)
• Acerbas anthea anthea – White Palmer. Kencang Putih   M(3,4)
• Acerbas martini – Dull White Palmer. Kencang Putih Kusam   L,K,M(3)
• Pirdana hyela rudolphii — Green-striped Palmer. Kencang Belang-hijau   M(3,4)
• Pirdana distanti distanti – Plain Green Palmer. Kencang Hijau Dataran   L,M(3),T  
• Taractrocera ardonia sumatrensis – Spotted Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Bertompok   M(2,3),S   (C&P5: Listed in error as T. a. lamia in C&P4)   Taractrocera: Terkam Group (again)
• Taractrocera archias quinta – Yellow Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Kuning   M(2),S  
• Taractrocera nigrolimbata negrolimbata  — Terkam Rumput Jawa   M(2)     (Listed in C&P4 as T. aliena aliena presumably in error. See C&P5 pg 404) 
• Taractrocera luzonensis zenia — Veined Grass Dart. Terkam Rumput Berurat   K,Penang (Listed in C&P4 as T. zizclea zenia, presumably in error. See C&P5 pg 404)
• Oriens paragola — Malay Dartlet. Terkam-kecil Melayu   L,M(2,3),S   Oriens: Terkam-kecil Group  
• Oriens goloides – Ceylon Dartlet. Terkam-kecil Ceylon   L,K,M(3)
• Oriens gola pseudolus—Common Dartlet. Terkam-kecil   L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S  
• Potanthus rectifasciatus — Oblique-branded Dart. Terkam Tanda-serong   M(3,4)
• Potanthus pamela — Vestigial-spot Dart. Terkam Tompok-kecil   M(3,4)    Potanthus, Telicota, Cephrenes: Terkam Group (again)
• Potanthus trachala tytleri — Detached Dart. Terkam Manipur   K,M(2,3,4),S   (or Lesser Band Dart: iNaturalist; Detached Dart: Ek-Amnuay, ButterflyCircle)
• Potanthus juno juno — Overlapped Dart. Terkam Bertindih   L,M(3)
• Potanthus omaha omaha—Lesser Dart. Terkam Kecil   L,K,M(2,3),T,S
• Potanthus confucius dushta – Confucian Dart. Terkam Confusius   K,M(2,3,4)
• Potanthus pava pava –  Formosan Dart. Terkam Formosa   L 
• Potanthus lydia fraseri – Forest Dart. Terkam Rimba   M(4)
• Potanthus mingo ajax — Zigzag-banded Dart. Terkam Jalur-zigzag   M(3)  
• Potanthus ganda ganda — Ganda Dart. Terkam Gandah   L,K,M(3,4),S
• Potanthus chloe – Orange Dart. Terkam Oren   M(4)   (endemic: C&P5)
• Potanthus flavus alcon – Golden Dart. Terkam Emas   M(4)  
• Potanthus serina – Large Dart. Terkam Besar   L,S   (P. hetaerus serina in C&P4.  Odd distribution, L,S. But recorded in Raub by NL Liew.)
• Telicota colon stinga—Pale Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Pucat   L,K,M(2,3),T,S     (Or Common Palm Dart by Butterflycircle. Pale Palm Dart: Kirton. Palms the host plant?)
• Telicota augias augias—Palm Dart. Terkam Palma   M(2,3),S  
• Telicota hilda — Dark-dusted Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Gunung   L,M(4)
• Telicota ohara jix – Narrow-branded Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Tanda-sempit   M(3,4)  
• Telicota besta bina—Besta Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Sumatra   M(2,3),S  
• Telicota linna — Linna Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Sikkim    M(3,4),S   
• *Telicota bambusae bambusae – Dark Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Gelap   (Species of questionable records)
• Cephrenes acalle niasicus – Plain Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Nias   L,K,M(2),T,S  
• Cephrenes acalle kliana – Plain Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Nias   A
• Cephrenes trichopepla—Yellow Palm Dart. Terkam Palma Kuning   Perak,M(2,3),S   (Not in C&P4. Recorded in Singapore and Malaysia earliest 1999 according to ButterflyCircle.)
• Parnara bada bada – Ceylon Swift. Tangkas Ceylon   L,K,M(2,3,4)   (or Grey Swift, both in Ek-Amnuay)    Parnara, Borbo, Pelopidas, Polytremis. Zenonoida, Baoris, Caltoris: Tangkas Group
• Parnara apostata — Dark Straight Swift. Tangkas Tompok-empat   M(2,3,4)
• Parnara ganga – Continental Swift. Tangkas Benua   M(2)
• Borbo cinnara —Formosan Swift. Tangkas Formosa.  L,M(2,3,4),A,S   (Or Rice Swift: Kirton)
• Pelopidas agna agna—Bengal Swift. Tangkas Bengal  L,K,M(2,3,4),A,S  
• Pelopidas flavus – Tangkas Jarang   M(3) 
• Pelopidas mathias mathias—Small Branded Swift. Tangkas Tanda-kecil   K,M(2,3,4),S
• Pelopidas assamensis—Great Swift. Tangkas Besar   K,M(3),S
• Pelopidas conjunctus conjunctus—Conjoined Swift. Tangkas Bercantum  M(3,4),S
• Polytremis lubricans lubricans—Contiguous Swift. Tangkas Bersambung   K,M(2,3),T.S  
• Polytremis minuta — Baby Swift. Tangkas Kenit   M(3,4)
• Zenonoida discreta discreta — Himalayan Swift. Tangkas Himalaya   M(4)   (Previously, in C&P4, Polytremis d. discreta)
• Zenonoida eltola corbeti —Yellow-spot Swift. Tangkas Tompok-kuning   M(4)   (Previously, in C&P4, Polytremis eltola corbeti )
• Baoris farri farri – Bamboo Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Buluh   K,M(3,4),S
• Baoris oceia—Rice Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Beras   L,M(2,3),S
• Baoris chapmani – White Paintbrush Swift. Tangkas Berus-cat Putih.   K   (C&P4, Baoris penicillata chapmani)
• Caltoris brunnea caere – Dark Branded Swift. Tangkas Tanda-gelap   M(3)
• Caltoris sirius fusca – Great Swift. Tangkas Besar   M(4)  
• Caltoris cahira austeni – Colon Swift. Tangkas Assam   M(3)  
• Caltoris bromus bromus – Extra-spot Swift. Tangkas Tompok-lebih   M(2,3)
• Caltoris cormasa – Full-stop Swift. Tangkas Titik-noktah   K,M(3),S  
• Caltoris malaya – Malayan Swift. Tangkas Malaya   L,M(3),S
• Caltoris tulsi tulsi – Purple Swift. Tangkas Ungu   M(3,4)
• Caltoris plebeia – Tufted Swift. Tangkas Rumbai   M(3,4)
• Caltoris philippina philippina – Philippine Swift. Tangkas Filipina   S  
• Iton semamora semamora – Common Wight. Bangat Rimba   L,M(3)  

Results and Discussion

A Checklist of Peninsular Malaysian butterflies with a Malay name to each species is achieved alongside scientific and English names. This is a first of such Checklist for Peninsular Malaysia. Scientific names follow C&P5 and also English names if available, else from other sources. The Malay names were created in a systematic manner and relationship if any  between species as to subfamily and genus or closely related genera is made known.

There are two methods to create a Malay name for a butterfly species:

1. <Subfamily name><Group name><Specific name>

2. <Group name><Subgroup name><Specific name>

Method 1 enables species of a subfamily and group to be identified. For example, Kuning subfamily of Coliadinae, such as, Kuning Rumput Kecil, Eurema brigitta senna, the Small Grass Yellow. Or, Kuning Emigran Lemon, Catopsilia pomona pomona, the Lemon Emigrant.

Themed groups of Method 2 is the next best for association if a subfamily does not have a single subfamily name to apply Method 1.  For example, bird-themed groups of Pierinae with groups such as Kesumba (trogon), and Camar (gull). Examples are, Kesumba Bersolek, Delias hyparete metarete, the Painted Jezebel, and  Camar Oren, Cepora iudith malaya, the Orange Gull.

Method 1 has been applied to 10 subfamilies and Method 2 to 15 subfamilies, of which 13 are themed groups. The two subfamilies that have groups that are too varied to use the themed group names are Theclinae (Family: Lycaenidae), and Satyrinae (Family: Nymphalidae).

Conclusion

According to C&P5, there are 1051 butterfly species for Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore distributed in six families: Papilionidae (45 species), Pieridae (47), Nymphalidae (281), Riodinidae (16), Lycaenidae (402), and Hesperiidae (260). As for Peninsular Malaysia, we have 1048 species (with three species of the 1051 species found only in Singapore; a fourth since being discovered in Johor).

Butterfly species do not have official or already widely used Malay names (except the general Kertas or Surat  for the Nymph butterflies). This makes it easier to create Malay names as proposed by Methods 1 and 2 to achieve the objectives of Malay naming i.e., to create Malay names systematically and to indicate relationships (subfamily and genus/genera) between species, if any. Easier compared to creating Checklists for mammals, birds, and snakes that we have also done.

References

AGC (2012), Attorney General’s Chambers, Wildlife Conservation (Amendment of Schedule) Order 2012. Kuala Lumpur

AOS 2023. American Ornithological Society, American Ornithological Society Will Change the English Names of Bird Species Named After People. https://americanornithology.org/american-ornithological-society-will-change-the-english-names-of-bird-species-named-after-people/    (Accessed 25 December 2023)

Corbet, S.A. and Pendlebury, H.M.  (1992), Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. 4th edition, edited by J.N. Eliot. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur   (C&P4)

Corbet, S.A. and Pendlebury, H.M. (2020), The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. 5^th edition, edited by GM & NE van der Poorten. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.   (C&P5)

Ek-Amnuay, P. (2012), Butterflies of Thailand. 2nd edition. Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok.

Khew, S.K. (2015). A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Singapore. Ink On Paper, Singapore.

Kirton, L. (2020). A Naturalist’s Guide To Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford.

Yong, H.S. (1983). Malaysian Butterflies: an introduction. 4th impression, 2000. Tropical Press., Kuala Lumpur.

Websites:

ButterflyCircle: https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/

Liew, NL. Butterflies of Raub: https://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/

Hoskins, A. https://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/index.htm

iNaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/

Savela, Markku: https://www.nic.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_life/warp/lepidoptera-index-e-q.html

Inayoshi, Y. http://yutaka.it-n.jp/piei.html

Inayoshi, Y. http://yutaka.it-n.jp/piei.html